Object Oriented Software Development

Running head: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
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1OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Table of Contents
Answer to Question 1.................................................................................................................2
Answer to question 2..................................................................................................................3
Design problem A (compute price)........................................................................................3
Design problem B (checkout)................................................................................................4
References..................................................................................................................................5

2OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Answer to Question 1
The abstraction of the instantiation process is generally done by the creational design
patterns. Due to the creational patterns it is possible for the class to be independent of the
creation, representation and composition of the objects inside the class. The class
instantiations and objects instantiations differ in creational patterns as it uses inheritance to
instantiate other classes and uses delegation of authority to other objects in the class for
object instantiation. It makes use of smaller fundamental prototypes which could be used to
design more complex classes of the same type and instantiate them. There are five different
types of creational design patterns:
1. Builder: The builder pattern separates the construction of the complex object from its
representation so as to reuse it to create more representation by using the same
process. The builder pattern is used in applications that contain complex objects with
different parts which are independent from the object. One of the major consequence
of this pattern is to separate the code for representation and construction process.
2. Prototype: The prototype pattern is designed to simplify the creation of objects of the
same type by using a pre-defined prototype. This type of pattern is mostly used at run
time to instantiate classes with the help of dynamic loading. One consequence of
using this pattern is that is helps in specifying of new objects by changing its values.
3. Factory method: The factory method pattern is mainly used to delegate the
instantiation process to a subclass from a class. It is also called a virtual constructor.
The main use of this pattern is to help a class when it cannot anticipate the objects it
should create. One major consequence of using this pattern is it helps in connecting
parallel class hierarchies.
4. Singleton: The singleton pattern finds its use when a single instance of a class needs
to be created with full global access. The main use of this pattern is during the
creation of a single instance of a class. It is also used to extend a instance of a class
with the help of sub classing. One major consequence of using this pattern is that it
brings in more flexibility to the class operations.
5. Abstract factory: The abstract factory pattern helps in the creation of families of
related objects without stating their concrete classes. It is also called as kit. The main
use of this pattern is to help a system which is independent of its objects or classes.