Occupational Safety and Health Hazards in Mining
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AI Summary
The provided assignment is an exhaustive compilation of research papers and studies related to occupational safety and health hazards in mining. It includes a range of topics such as industrial occupational safety and health innovation for sustainable development, measuring nanomaterial risk using Bayesian networks, and promoting decent work in global supply chains. The document also explores the social impacts of mining on local communities and the importance of corporate social responsibility strategies to earn a social license to operate. Overall, this assignment provides a detailed understanding of the occupational safety and health hazards in mining, highlighting the need for innovation and responsible practices to mitigate these risks.
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Running head: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
Occupational safety and health hazards: A case study of BHP Billiton
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:
Occupational safety and health hazards: A case study of BHP Billiton
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:
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1OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
Executive Summary
It is important for an organization to take effective steps in order to mange risks involved in the
projects. There are several approaches available for managing risks in the projects. Occupational
health and safety is one of the disciples where it is required for broad scope engaging several
specialized fields. Promotion as well as maintenance of the highest degree of physical and social
well being of the workers is required for all potions. In project management, health and
occupational hazards are required to be followed for fulfilling objectives of the project. Present
study deals with occupational safety as well as mitigation technique for health hazard in BHP
Billiton. Workers need to be protected from occupational risks that can be exposed. It could be
achieved through risk management procedure. In the report, organizational context of the
selected organization is discussed. On the other hand, literature review related to the topic is
discussed in the present study. Risks in the present organization has been identified and
described in the study. Moreover, risks mitigation plans are explained in the current study that
will helpful to take effective steps to mitigate risks. Apart from these, recommendations are
provided for risk management in projects in BHP Billiton.
Executive Summary
It is important for an organization to take effective steps in order to mange risks involved in the
projects. There are several approaches available for managing risks in the projects. Occupational
health and safety is one of the disciples where it is required for broad scope engaging several
specialized fields. Promotion as well as maintenance of the highest degree of physical and social
well being of the workers is required for all potions. In project management, health and
occupational hazards are required to be followed for fulfilling objectives of the project. Present
study deals with occupational safety as well as mitigation technique for health hazard in BHP
Billiton. Workers need to be protected from occupational risks that can be exposed. It could be
achieved through risk management procedure. In the report, organizational context of the
selected organization is discussed. On the other hand, literature review related to the topic is
discussed in the present study. Risks in the present organization has been identified and
described in the study. Moreover, risks mitigation plans are explained in the current study that
will helpful to take effective steps to mitigate risks. Apart from these, recommendations are
provided for risk management in projects in BHP Billiton.
2OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
Table of Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................4
Organizational context.........................................................................................................4
Literature review..................................................................................................................5
Recommendations................................................................................................................8
Conclusion.........................................................................................................................11
References..........................................................................................................................12
Table of Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................4
Organizational context.........................................................................................................4
Literature review..................................................................................................................5
Recommendations................................................................................................................8
Conclusion.........................................................................................................................11
References..........................................................................................................................12
3OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
Introduction
With rapid development and advancement of industry, there has been rising concerns in
occupational and health hazards. The health risks have no limitation in external space. However,
it is present in internal environment, which is known as occupational health hazards. Worker
exposure to health hazards is biological, physical, chemical or psychological in nature.
Occupational health signifies long term as well as short-term risks related to the workplace
environment and in the field of occupational safety and health. On the other hand, development
of an organization relies on efficiency of the workforce. Thus, it is important to create safe and
healthy work environment for the workers. In the present study, health and occupational hazards
in BHP Billiton is evaluated. The study describes organizational context regarding occupational
and health hazards and literature review related to risk identification and risks analysis as well as
evaluation. Apart from this, recommendations are provided in the current study.
Organizational context
In the present study, BHP Billiton has been considered as a case study organization. BHP
Billiton is a mining company where health and safety measures pose an important aspect for the
company (Jilcha & Kitaw 2017). Hence, the organization set clear requirements in their projects
with minimum mandatory controls to mange as well as protect health and wellbeing of the
workers in the company. The harmful health risks as well as agents at the workplace of the
company consists if exposure to musculoskeletal stressor, noise, dust of coal mine, silica as well
as diesel particulate matter. Thus, it is important to manage the exposure with internally
occupational health exposure (Albert et al. 2014). In this case, it is important to involve with
Introduction
With rapid development and advancement of industry, there has been rising concerns in
occupational and health hazards. The health risks have no limitation in external space. However,
it is present in internal environment, which is known as occupational health hazards. Worker
exposure to health hazards is biological, physical, chemical or psychological in nature.
Occupational health signifies long term as well as short-term risks related to the workplace
environment and in the field of occupational safety and health. On the other hand, development
of an organization relies on efficiency of the workforce. Thus, it is important to create safe and
healthy work environment for the workers. In the present study, health and occupational hazards
in BHP Billiton is evaluated. The study describes organizational context regarding occupational
and health hazards and literature review related to risk identification and risks analysis as well as
evaluation. Apart from this, recommendations are provided in the current study.
Organizational context
In the present study, BHP Billiton has been considered as a case study organization. BHP
Billiton is a mining company where health and safety measures pose an important aspect for the
company (Jilcha & Kitaw 2017). Hence, the organization set clear requirements in their projects
with minimum mandatory controls to mange as well as protect health and wellbeing of the
workers in the company. The harmful health risks as well as agents at the workplace of the
company consists if exposure to musculoskeletal stressor, noise, dust of coal mine, silica as well
as diesel particulate matter. Thus, it is important to manage the exposure with internally
occupational health exposure (Albert et al. 2014). In this case, it is important to involve with
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4OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
regulators as well as OEL setting agencies and benchmark against peers along with seeking
independent advice.
Apart from this, safety for the workers of the company exposes the workers as well as
contractors to risk. Thus, the objective of the company is identification of risks and implements
control or mitigation techniques (Bice 2014). The project management group of the company has
set global safety priorities in order to guide decision-making as well as safety approach for
safety. The standard helps to define a number of common safety risks and minimum controls.
The operation evaluates further controls for managing risks at operation in order to encounter
with objective of no fatalities.
Literature review
Risk identification:
It is important to identify, evaluate as well as manage risks to workers, contractors,
environment and communities in the organization. In BHP Billiton, following risks are required
to identify as followed.
Reinforce the safety comes before the process of productivity
Emphasize on in-field verification of material as well as fatal risks
Improve internal investigation procedure, widely share and apply lessons and
Enable extra quality field time to involve workplace
The performance of BHP Billiton in the field of health, safety, environment as well as
community is driven through commitment of the people and effective management of risks alon
with pursuit of operational excellence. Integration of the health and occupational hazards
regulators as well as OEL setting agencies and benchmark against peers along with seeking
independent advice.
Apart from this, safety for the workers of the company exposes the workers as well as
contractors to risk. Thus, the objective of the company is identification of risks and implements
control or mitigation techniques (Bice 2014). The project management group of the company has
set global safety priorities in order to guide decision-making as well as safety approach for
safety. The standard helps to define a number of common safety risks and minimum controls.
The operation evaluates further controls for managing risks at operation in order to encounter
with objective of no fatalities.
Literature review
Risk identification:
It is important to identify, evaluate as well as manage risks to workers, contractors,
environment and communities in the organization. In BHP Billiton, following risks are required
to identify as followed.
Reinforce the safety comes before the process of productivity
Emphasize on in-field verification of material as well as fatal risks
Improve internal investigation procedure, widely share and apply lessons and
Enable extra quality field time to involve workplace
The performance of BHP Billiton in the field of health, safety, environment as well as
community is driven through commitment of the people and effective management of risks alon
with pursuit of operational excellence. Integration of the health and occupational hazards
5OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
responsibilities, it is important to develop effective integration of responsibilities as well as
objectives that can be articulated by the strategic framework of the company. In working towards
achieving zero harm to people, the organization developed the following principle for safety
leadership (Boiral & Henri 2017). People need to be aware of hazards as well as risks in
workplace. Compliance with safety standards along with procedure are not considered as
absolute.
The principal causes of important incidents remained as consistent over the current years.
The organization has set up performance expectations into distinctive aspects of operations.
Conduction of exercise has a valuable forum in order to learn and share knowledge across the
enterprise (Caldwell et al. 2015). Through operations and products, it can affect health of the
employees, communities as well as customers in positive and negative ways. It is important to
focus on occupational health initiatives is evaluating and minimizing the level of exposure to
hygiene risks in the project site of the company. Hence, improvement in occupational health as
well as hygiene programs that will be helpful to manage the process in the organization (Saenz
2018). However, data from operations can indicate that there is one third of employees are
potentially exposed in the organization to the noise level that exceeds 85 dBA time-weighted
average as well as one-fifth are exposed to the level of occupational exposure limits. Hence, the
actual exposure of the staffs needs to be measured by the organization.
Hence, the actual exposure of the workers of BHP Billiton includes exposure limits
where measures are required to be taken. It includes engineering and designing for minimizing
personal protective equipment. The organization has been maintained that consistent upper
quartile will be helpful for process. It has been reported that 1.7% of the employees are affected
by occupational illness (Fuisz-Kehrbach 2015). It comprised 1.3% diagnosis with the noise
responsibilities, it is important to develop effective integration of responsibilities as well as
objectives that can be articulated by the strategic framework of the company. In working towards
achieving zero harm to people, the organization developed the following principle for safety
leadership (Boiral & Henri 2017). People need to be aware of hazards as well as risks in
workplace. Compliance with safety standards along with procedure are not considered as
absolute.
The principal causes of important incidents remained as consistent over the current years.
The organization has set up performance expectations into distinctive aspects of operations.
Conduction of exercise has a valuable forum in order to learn and share knowledge across the
enterprise (Caldwell et al. 2015). Through operations and products, it can affect health of the
employees, communities as well as customers in positive and negative ways. It is important to
focus on occupational health initiatives is evaluating and minimizing the level of exposure to
hygiene risks in the project site of the company. Hence, improvement in occupational health as
well as hygiene programs that will be helpful to manage the process in the organization (Saenz
2018). However, data from operations can indicate that there is one third of employees are
potentially exposed in the organization to the noise level that exceeds 85 dBA time-weighted
average as well as one-fifth are exposed to the level of occupational exposure limits. Hence, the
actual exposure of the staffs needs to be measured by the organization.
Hence, the actual exposure of the workers of BHP Billiton includes exposure limits
where measures are required to be taken. It includes engineering and designing for minimizing
personal protective equipment. The organization has been maintained that consistent upper
quartile will be helpful for process. It has been reported that 1.7% of the employees are affected
by occupational illness (Fuisz-Kehrbach 2015). It comprised 1.3% diagnosis with the noise
6OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
generated hearing loss. In addition, target has been set by minimizing occupational illness. It is
also required for development of occupational disease along with the requirement of
occupational health hazards.
Risk analysis and evaluation
There are several health initiatives produced for the workers throughout the organization.
Several sites can operate health and wellness programs in order to help workers optimizing the
level of personal health. Education is one of the programs through which staffs can optimize
level of personal health (Murphy et al. 2016). Strong focus is required to the major academic
community. In addition, it is required to manage threat of the diseases in the organization.
Responsibilities in relation to the potential health effects of the products on the customers are
included in the process (Retzer et al. 2017). During the period, health and safety measured need
to be taken by the industry. The external groups as well as organizations recognize the awards
through various operations.
Substantial progress is made during the ongoing process and implementation of the
management standards along with related management systems. The environmental performance
is measured by ensuring that the information generated is complete as well as accurate (Baum et
al. 2016). On the other hand, due to various classification as well as calculation methodologies
are comparable in parameters. Research and development activities for mitigating the risks are
focused.
BHP Billiton follows accepted accounting principle in order to provide site rehabilitation.
The provision for site rehabilitation is processed effectively. The activities as resources of the
organization may have impact on natural environment (Stewart & Nite 2017). The quality of
generated hearing loss. In addition, target has been set by minimizing occupational illness. It is
also required for development of occupational disease along with the requirement of
occupational health hazards.
Risk analysis and evaluation
There are several health initiatives produced for the workers throughout the organization.
Several sites can operate health and wellness programs in order to help workers optimizing the
level of personal health. Education is one of the programs through which staffs can optimize
level of personal health (Murphy et al. 2016). Strong focus is required to the major academic
community. In addition, it is required to manage threat of the diseases in the organization.
Responsibilities in relation to the potential health effects of the products on the customers are
included in the process (Retzer et al. 2017). During the period, health and safety measured need
to be taken by the industry. The external groups as well as organizations recognize the awards
through various operations.
Substantial progress is made during the ongoing process and implementation of the
management standards along with related management systems. The environmental performance
is measured by ensuring that the information generated is complete as well as accurate (Baum et
al. 2016). On the other hand, due to various classification as well as calculation methodologies
are comparable in parameters. Research and development activities for mitigating the risks are
focused.
BHP Billiton follows accepted accounting principle in order to provide site rehabilitation.
The provision for site rehabilitation is processed effectively. The activities as resources of the
organization may have impact on natural environment (Stewart & Nite 2017). The quality of
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7OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
social performance data enhanced sustainability over sustainability reporting period. Hence,
implementation of management standards as well as requirement for community relations
management plan is useful to increase awareness of the requirement as well as report data related
to the aspect and community.
The significant occupation illness within the organization is noise-induced loss in hearing
along with occupational respiratory diseases (Sincovich et al. 2018). It is important to focus and
minimize exposures where it is possible. Environmental performance across the organization
needs to be improved. In addition, it is important to categorize risks in projects. The level of risks
is categorized based on the potential harm or adverse health that has effect on hazards. In
addition, the exposure needs to be classified as highs single exposure that may cause potential
fatal, whereas the risks are related to the process (Gereffi et al. 2016). Control measures
including the actions need to minimize potential of the exposures to hazards. Apart from these,
the control measures would be secured by guarding and moving parts of the machinery by
elimination of potential for contract (Asif & Chen 2016). Elimination of hazards is not achieved
by removing hazards as well as eliminates the risk of exposure. Substitution of the hazards need
to remove the hazards related to the process or activities and may introduce distinctive hazards
for overall harm along with health effects. Isolation of hazards need to be achieved by making
restriction of access to plant as well as equipments in substances locking.
Recommendations
Effective controls need to be taken in BHP Billiton in order to mitigate security measures
for the organization. The measures will be helpful to avoid injuries, illness as well as incidents
and reduce or eliminate safety and health risks. Moreover, it assists the employers providing
social performance data enhanced sustainability over sustainability reporting period. Hence,
implementation of management standards as well as requirement for community relations
management plan is useful to increase awareness of the requirement as well as report data related
to the aspect and community.
The significant occupation illness within the organization is noise-induced loss in hearing
along with occupational respiratory diseases (Sincovich et al. 2018). It is important to focus and
minimize exposures where it is possible. Environmental performance across the organization
needs to be improved. In addition, it is important to categorize risks in projects. The level of risks
is categorized based on the potential harm or adverse health that has effect on hazards. In
addition, the exposure needs to be classified as highs single exposure that may cause potential
fatal, whereas the risks are related to the process (Gereffi et al. 2016). Control measures
including the actions need to minimize potential of the exposures to hazards. Apart from these,
the control measures would be secured by guarding and moving parts of the machinery by
elimination of potential for contract (Asif & Chen 2016). Elimination of hazards is not achieved
by removing hazards as well as eliminates the risk of exposure. Substitution of the hazards need
to remove the hazards related to the process or activities and may introduce distinctive hazards
for overall harm along with health effects. Isolation of hazards need to be achieved by making
restriction of access to plant as well as equipments in substances locking.
Recommendations
Effective controls need to be taken in BHP Billiton in order to mitigate security measures
for the organization. The measures will be helpful to avoid injuries, illness as well as incidents
and reduce or eliminate safety and health risks. Moreover, it assists the employers providing
8OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
workers safe as well as healthful working conditions. Apart from these, in order to control and
prevent hazards, the employers need to be taken for mitigating security risks.
It is required to involve employees having sound knowledge regarding the conditions of
creating hazards as well as insights into the process to be controlled.
Identification as well as evaluation of controlling hazards using hierarchy of controls in
helpful is useful for the organization to mitigate the security issues and hazards in
managing their projects.
Development of plans with specific measures in order to protect workers during
emergency conditions as well as non-routine activities would be beneficial.
Evaluating the effectiveness of the existing controls in order to determine they continue
providing protection will be helpful for the process.
It is required to provide protection and different controls that need to be effective for the
organization.
Reviewing new technologies for potential and implementing controls need to be
processed according to the plan.
Development of the plan with measures in order to protect workers during emergences as
well as non-routine activities would be useful to mitigate the health and occupational
hazards in BHP Billiton.
The organization need to collect, organize as well as review information with the
employees in order to determine the types of hazards present and workers may be exposed.
Information available in the workplace may include the following.
workers safe as well as healthful working conditions. Apart from these, in order to control and
prevent hazards, the employers need to be taken for mitigating security risks.
It is required to involve employees having sound knowledge regarding the conditions of
creating hazards as well as insights into the process to be controlled.
Identification as well as evaluation of controlling hazards using hierarchy of controls in
helpful is useful for the organization to mitigate the security issues and hazards in
managing their projects.
Development of plans with specific measures in order to protect workers during
emergency conditions as well as non-routine activities would be beneficial.
Evaluating the effectiveness of the existing controls in order to determine they continue
providing protection will be helpful for the process.
It is required to provide protection and different controls that need to be effective for the
organization.
Reviewing new technologies for potential and implementing controls need to be
processed according to the plan.
Development of the plan with measures in order to protect workers during emergences as
well as non-routine activities would be useful to mitigate the health and occupational
hazards in BHP Billiton.
The organization need to collect, organize as well as review information with the
employees in order to determine the types of hazards present and workers may be exposed.
Information available in the workplace may include the following.
9OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
Reviewing sources like OSHA standards as well as guidance for industry
consensus standards as well as engineering reports in order to identify potential
control measures would be useful to identify control options. In addition, it is
required to keep current on related information from trade organization needs to
be included in the process.
It is important to investigate control measures utilized in workplace as well as
determine the process, which would be effective at workplace.
Getting input from employees’ required to able for suggesting and evaluating
solutions based on knowledge of facility, equipments along with work process is
included in the process.
However, for complicated hazards, it is required to consult safety as well as health
experts consisting of on-site consultation program of OSHA would assist the
process.
Selection of controls needs to be feasible, effective as well as permanent. Elimination of
controls over serious hazards immediately can assist to accomplish the process. Use of interim
controls during development and implementation of longer tem solution is included in the plan.
It is also required to avoid selecting controls, which can directly control options and need to
ensure the controls as feasible as well as effective in its nature. Moreover, development of hazard
control plan in BHP Billiton will be helpful for the workers of the organization to mitigate health
and occupational hazards in the organization.
Reviewing sources like OSHA standards as well as guidance for industry
consensus standards as well as engineering reports in order to identify potential
control measures would be useful to identify control options. In addition, it is
required to keep current on related information from trade organization needs to
be included in the process.
It is important to investigate control measures utilized in workplace as well as
determine the process, which would be effective at workplace.
Getting input from employees’ required to able for suggesting and evaluating
solutions based on knowledge of facility, equipments along with work process is
included in the process.
However, for complicated hazards, it is required to consult safety as well as health
experts consisting of on-site consultation program of OSHA would assist the
process.
Selection of controls needs to be feasible, effective as well as permanent. Elimination of
controls over serious hazards immediately can assist to accomplish the process. Use of interim
controls during development and implementation of longer tem solution is included in the plan.
It is also required to avoid selecting controls, which can directly control options and need to
ensure the controls as feasible as well as effective in its nature. Moreover, development of hazard
control plan in BHP Billiton will be helpful for the workers of the organization to mitigate health
and occupational hazards in the organization.
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10OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
Conclusion
From the above study, it concludes that it is important for an organization to take
effective measures and proper planning in terms of managing projects effectively. In addition, it
is required to provide opportunities to make interactions in order to enhance safety performance.
On the other hand, pre-start meetings and in-field leaders for discussing job-specific safety risks
would be helpful for managing safety risks. It is required to undertake activities improving
physical and mental well-being of the staffs. It consists of provision of preventative health
measures. Adaption of mental health framework is useful for supporting as well as pro-active
management of mental wellbeing of the employees. The work of health, safety and environment
committee has an important role to monitor implementation process and ensure plans for
enhancement are in proper place. Substantial progress will be helpful to mitigate health for
occupational hazards in the organization.
Conclusion
From the above study, it concludes that it is important for an organization to take
effective measures and proper planning in terms of managing projects effectively. In addition, it
is required to provide opportunities to make interactions in order to enhance safety performance.
On the other hand, pre-start meetings and in-field leaders for discussing job-specific safety risks
would be helpful for managing safety risks. It is required to undertake activities improving
physical and mental well-being of the staffs. It consists of provision of preventative health
measures. Adaption of mental health framework is useful for supporting as well as pro-active
management of mental wellbeing of the employees. The work of health, safety and environment
committee has an important role to monitor implementation process and ensure plans for
enhancement are in proper place. Substantial progress will be helpful to mitigate health for
occupational hazards in the organization.
11OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
References
Albert, P.J., Werhane, P. & Rolph, T., 2014. Introduction. In Global Poverty Alleviation: A Case
Book (pp. 1-11). Springer, Dordrecht.
Asif, Z. & Chen, Z., 2016. Environmental management in North American mining
sector. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp.167-179.
Baum, F.E., Sanders, D.M., Fisher, M., Anaf, J., Freudenberg, N., Friel, S., Labonté, R., London,
L., Monteiro, C., Scott-Samuel, A. & Sen, A., 2016. Assessing the health impact of transnational
corporations: its importance and a framework. Globalization and health, Vol. 12, No. 1, p.27.
Bice, S., 2014. What gives you a social licence? An exploration of the social licence to operate in
the Australian mining industry. Resources, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp.62-80.
Boiral, O. & Henri, J.F., 2017. Is sustainability performance comparable? A study of GRI reports
of mining organizations. Business & Society, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp.283-317.
Caldwell, B. & Hinton, J., 2015, March. Data Drilling: Changing the Way the Oil and Gas
Industry Manages Safety and Risk. In SPE E&P Health, Safety, Security and Environmental
Conference-Americas. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Fuisz-Kehrbach, S.K., 2015. A three-dimensional framework to explore corporate sustainability
activities in the mining industry: Current status and challenges ahead. Resources Policy, Vol. 12,
pp.101-115.
References
Albert, P.J., Werhane, P. & Rolph, T., 2014. Introduction. In Global Poverty Alleviation: A Case
Book (pp. 1-11). Springer, Dordrecht.
Asif, Z. & Chen, Z., 2016. Environmental management in North American mining
sector. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp.167-179.
Baum, F.E., Sanders, D.M., Fisher, M., Anaf, J., Freudenberg, N., Friel, S., Labonté, R., London,
L., Monteiro, C., Scott-Samuel, A. & Sen, A., 2016. Assessing the health impact of transnational
corporations: its importance and a framework. Globalization and health, Vol. 12, No. 1, p.27.
Bice, S., 2014. What gives you a social licence? An exploration of the social licence to operate in
the Australian mining industry. Resources, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp.62-80.
Boiral, O. & Henri, J.F., 2017. Is sustainability performance comparable? A study of GRI reports
of mining organizations. Business & Society, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp.283-317.
Caldwell, B. & Hinton, J., 2015, March. Data Drilling: Changing the Way the Oil and Gas
Industry Manages Safety and Risk. In SPE E&P Health, Safety, Security and Environmental
Conference-Americas. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Fuisz-Kehrbach, S.K., 2015. A three-dimensional framework to explore corporate sustainability
activities in the mining industry: Current status and challenges ahead. Resources Policy, Vol. 12,
pp.101-115.
12OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
Gereffi, G., Bamber, P. & Fernandez-Stark, K., 2016. Promoting Decent Work in Global Supply
Chains in Latin America and the Caribbean: Key Issues, Good Practices, Lessons Learned and
Policy Insights.
Jilcha, K. & Kitaw, D., 2017. Industrial occupational safety and health innovation for sustainable
development. Engineering science and technology, an international journal, Vol. 20, No. 1,
pp.372-380.
Murphy, F., Sheehan, B., Mullins, M., Bouwmeester, H., Marvin, H.J., Bouzembrak, Y., Costa,
A.L., Das, R., Stone, V. & Tofail, S.A., 2016. A tractable method for measuring nanomaterial
risk using Bayesian networks. Nanoscale research letters, Vol. 11, No. 1, p.503.
Retzer, K., Snawder, J., Faist, A., Anson, S., Markovich, E., Hyman, C. & Burket, W., 2017,
April. Working Together to Prevent Worker Exposures during Gauging and Sampling Activities.
In SPE Health, Safety, Security, Environment, & Social Responsibility Conference-North
America. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Saenz, C., 2018. The Context in Mining Projects Influences the Corporate Social Responsibility
Strategy to Earn a Social Licence to Operate: A Case Study in Peru. Corporate Social
Responsibility and Environmental Management.
Sincovich, A., Gregory, T., Wilson, A. & Brinkman, S., 2018. The social impacts of mining on
local communities in Australia. Rural Society, pp.1-17.
Stewart, P. & Nite, D.K., 2017. From fatalism to mass action to incorporation to neoliberal
individualism: worker safety on South African mines, c. 1955–2016. Review of African Political
Economy, Vol. 44, No. 152, pp.252-271.
Gereffi, G., Bamber, P. & Fernandez-Stark, K., 2016. Promoting Decent Work in Global Supply
Chains in Latin America and the Caribbean: Key Issues, Good Practices, Lessons Learned and
Policy Insights.
Jilcha, K. & Kitaw, D., 2017. Industrial occupational safety and health innovation for sustainable
development. Engineering science and technology, an international journal, Vol. 20, No. 1,
pp.372-380.
Murphy, F., Sheehan, B., Mullins, M., Bouwmeester, H., Marvin, H.J., Bouzembrak, Y., Costa,
A.L., Das, R., Stone, V. & Tofail, S.A., 2016. A tractable method for measuring nanomaterial
risk using Bayesian networks. Nanoscale research letters, Vol. 11, No. 1, p.503.
Retzer, K., Snawder, J., Faist, A., Anson, S., Markovich, E., Hyman, C. & Burket, W., 2017,
April. Working Together to Prevent Worker Exposures during Gauging and Sampling Activities.
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America. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
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