Offender Management: Theories of Punishment, Government and Non-Government Organizations, Sentence Plans, and Reoffending Rates

UNIT 50 OFFENDER
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Discussion of theories of punishment-........................................................................................3
Government and non-government organizations managing dishonesty offences-......................4
Critical evaluation of effective management of dishonesty offenders-.......................................6
Examples of sentence plans, importance of these towards dishonesty........................................7
Reoffending rates of custodial and community sentences, analysis of data against effectiveness
of offender management..............................................................................................................8
Critically evaluating the effectiveness and management of your chosen offender in the custody
with the different types of prison.................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Offender management is a task to manage the offenders and deciding how they should be
treated in order to mitigate their catastrophe and guiding them to get back into the mainstream of
the society (Tonry, 2019) In the report theories of punishment will be discussed with brief
discussion on the rational of custodial and community sentences for dishonesty offenders.
Management of such offenders by the governmental and non-governmental organization shall be
analysed, along with critical evaluation of effective managing of offenders. Examples of
sentence plans and their importance in case of dishonesty offences is also discussed and at the
end of the report a broad interpretation for reoffending rates of different forms of sentences will
be analysed substantiating with evaluation of management of such dishonesty offenders in the
nation.
MAIN BODY
Discussion of theories of punishment-
Theories of punishment refers to the set of philosophy pertain to punishment to the
offenders. The theories are different in their approach and also suggest different ways to deal
with such offenders so can manage their attitude.
Dishonesty offence is taken for the consideration, it consists theft, fraud, handling stolen goods,
money laundering, false accounting, fraudulent etc. dishonesty is a drastic offence as takes place
in many forms, for mitigation of such crimes and restricting occurrence.
There are mainly these theories prevailing in the nation for treatment with offenders-
Incapacitation, deterrence, retribution, rehabilitation and restoration (Mackenzie, 2020)
 Incapacitation is the theory which upholds that a person who do crimes like dishonesty
does not have right to be in the society so must be removed. There are multiple ways like
incarceration, arrest in house, and the apex form is execution which is not much suitable
for dishonesty crimes.
 Restoration is the theory which believes that offenders must be given right to hear
victims and their experiences, so they can amend their behaviour, this is the most suitable
one when it comes to dishonesty crimes where such offenders can seek their forgiveness.

 Retribution is the approach that is based on the principle of “one eye for an eye”. It is
very much conventional and does not believe in giving chance. For dishonesty offences
such treatment and punishments would not be fair.
 Deterrence aims to restrict future crimes. For the sake it gives such experience to the
offender so would not replicate crime in the future. This is future orientated and in the
cases like dishonesty is being used (Garland, 2018)
 Rehabilitation seeks to also prevent the futuristic offences but by altering the behaviour
of the criminal. It mainly aims to carry out such programmes like education, treatment
centre, vocational practices, mental health related counselling etc. Sometimes dishonesty
also takes place due to lack of education.
Rational of custodial and community sentences-
Custodial sentence refers to such punishments which are for serious crimes like
discretionary life sentence, sentence of public protection, imprisonment for certain period etc.
whereas community sentence includes unpaid work, curfew, apology, reporting regularly, fines,
compensation, judicial punishment etc. (Breetzke, 2019)
There are multiple forms of dishonesty offences like theft, handling stolen goods, money
laundering, false accounting, fraudulent, and other form of fraud. Rational of custodial and
community sentences depends on the degree of seriousness since such crimes are not as hideous
where capital punishments and be applied.
In such forms of dishonesty where degree of severity is lower and offender is having issues
like illiterate, mental health, obligations etc. then it would be rational extending community
sentences and changing its behaviour, but if such person is habitual of committing the same
crimes and the offences may bring horrendous results to the society they only custodial sentences
can be cited rational.
Government and non-government organizations managing dishonesty offences-
For management of such culprits who are indulged in dishonesty related crimes are being
managed by the government by various legitimation with these regards. Like in UK theft act
1968 and for money laundering POCA 2002 (Khatwani and Goyal, 2019) are applied these are
affectively working yet it did not eliminate cases of theft from the nation. Due to conventional
methodology practised by the government dishonesty cases are still prevailing in UK. Other