The Role of Offender Profiling in Policing: An Analysis
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This essay analyzes the role of offender profiling in policing and its impact on society. It covers the process of criminal profiling, its assumptions, and its impact on law enforcement agencies.
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TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................3 MAIN BODY.......................................................................................................................................3 CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................6 REFERENCES....................................................................................................................................6
INTRODUCTION Psychology and criminal justice is an important method through whichhelps in analyzation of individuals personal behaviour. Offender profiling is also being termed as criminal profiling as it isastrategy that is being used for investigative purpose with the help of enforcement of important laws and agencies that help out to analyse the suspects that are being used for general investigation through which cases can be linked in order to know about the cases and their committing issues. It is an important psychological research which helps out to maintain the criminal investigations and also to analyse the criminal behaviour and assumptions(Rassin, 2018).This essay will cover offender profiling with their role in policing and the impact of offender profiling on society MAIN BODY Offender profilingis a well-known method which can also be known as criminal profiling as it helps out to make investigative strategyin an easy approach withlaw enforcement and various aspects. It is mainly a process of using available information for all the crime incidents, scenes and about victim in order to make a profile of an unknown perpetrator. Itis acriminal shadow as when a criminal used to leave their psychological traces and various pattern in their behaviour through which an indication can be made about their personality and behaviour. Offender profiling is mainly an educated attempt in order to maintain and provide all the investigative agencies relevant and important information about a particular individual who have committed certain crime(Ginton, 2020).As in the offender profiling is an important crime investigation technique that is being helpful in order to gather the relevant and important information about that kind suspected scene, autopsy report and all the witness and victim. This used to provide out a proper detailed knowledge about the scenario. As it is a complimentary technique that is being used when no physical traces were being left in any of the crime scene.This is an important method as it helps out to suspect the identification and also to identify person’s mental, emotional and personality with their characteristics. Offender profiling majorly focus on two important assumptions they are like theirbehavioural consistency and homology. Behaviour consistencyis an ideathat analyseknowledgeabout offenders crime which use tohavesome similarities to one another and they usually cover out some usual and similar contextual behaviour(Thum, 2019). Whereashomologyis mainly idea that can be made by all the similar crimes which were being committed by the similar offenders. This
usually provides out a fundamental assumption regarding the offender profiling and all the advances that are being related to the outdated psychology and their behavioural approach.It provides an extensive experience and also an identification about the criminal profilers and their investigations. All the major law enforcement agents used to focus on criminal profiling and also determines all the profile which were accurate(Canter, and Alison, 2018). Offender profiling plays an important role in policingas this mainly involves evaluation of all the criminal acts that has been happen in the general places with all the comprehensive evaluation that can be analysed and also been specified about the crime scenes and victims.Itevaluates all the preliminary police reports that were being made and the police and thereby take additional steps with the help of medical examiners andalso evaluates withgeneral protocols. It plays an important role in policing as it helps out to develop a profile about a critical offender and all the important characteristics were being analysed under it through which a proper investigation can be made and an important investigative suggestion can be predicted regarding the offenders with the construction of profile.Itprovidesasystematicapproachandexaminationthroughwhichaproper investigation can be analysed about the characteristics of offenders and their behaviour. This mainly helps out to investigate all the serial crimes to policing and also focus on gathering the information(Snook, and et. al.,2017).The major law enforcement agencies use technical advancement and computerised system in order to investigate about the crimes. Offender profiling helps out the policing togather and make a proper investigate about thecases with a proper systematic approach as they helps out to generate the system alerts and also to elaborate about the crime analysis and their systems by extensively collecting the data about the attempts, assaults and all the unidentified region for homicide victims. Offender profiling is an important technique used by FBI and all the criminal justice systems in order to remove the violent crimes and also to identify different behavioural characteristics and personality of offender. As they used to conduct different works and also focus on all the criminal activities like murder, rape,robberyetc. Astheaction taken by criminal profiling is mainly dependent on the study of person who has done the offence. It is mainly an effective process as it provides out the accuracy and the methods through which a proper result can be analysed regarding to the offences that can arise in society. This is a criminal investigative analysis CIA and also a psychology which helps out to study the investigative approach with the diagnostic evaluation(Ricciardelli, 2018).It mainly involves inputs of profiling with proper implementation of decision Process, crime assessment which
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analyse the ratings and the reason for the crime with the investigation and apprehensions that can be taken place in the different areas. It mainly promotes and helps the police in several methods by implementing certain strategies and rules with a proper tool that helps out to analyse and evaluate the behaviour of her offender and their methods of engaging in criminal activities. Criminal profiling plays the major impact on the societyas it is an important method which is being used for the law enforcement and is an analyse tool used for solving the crime and criminal matters by properly investigating and also by indicating the person image and behaviourwhohascommittedcrime.Thismainlyfocusonthepersonalityandthe characteristics of an individual. This helps out to remove the serial offenders from the society and to maintain a peaceful environment over there by implementing all the analysis and connection between the crimes(Watson, and et. al., 2017). As in caseFolkes v. Chadd,court held that All the expert witness used to have an impressive scientific knowledge and qualification as it does not usually cover out the fact alone in order to make the opinion on all the matter for human nature and behaviour.There are certain boundaries for admissibility of all the expert evidence in England.As in UK all such offender profiling was being generally used as a field of knowledge and was seem to be effectively reliable(Curtice, and Behlendorf, 2021).In case ofR v. RobbCourt held that, all the general acceptance is not a condition for expert testimony and admissibility. And the expert will have to be qualified for all the experience in training with the methods and he supplemented areas and forms. Thus, offender profiling creates a major impact on policing and society as it is increased over years and has also helped out in maintaining the accuracy of investigation. It mainly provides a proper network to read the criminal minds and also is an important tool for investigating the crimes(Rosenbaum, and McCarty, 2017).Thispromotesa positive approach as by providing information that is being given to them and to maintain and analyse all the different and difficult situations. It provides out a method through which a proper research can be made regarding the perspective, background, demographic changes and the professional areas of a person and it also helps out to measure the highlighting issues through which a profiling accuracy can be maintained. They serve out an important impact on the society as it is a feasible timeline and also overcome the potential challenges that has been made and anticipated in the above areas. This provides confidentiality and also ensure to keep safety
measuresforthesocietyandalsotoanalysetheconfidentialitybymaintainingthe analyzation, collection and all the reporting in a secure and standard manner. This make the people to be trusted over investigation branch and also helps out to make the reluctant approach and a positive attitude toward the criminal justice system in the country. It also promotes psychological event and also analyse the effective areas through which profiling can be utilised and can also favour the accuracy and introduction of criminal offences. It generally provides an important methods and techniques and also a supervision through which society can feel safer with the help of offender profiling and by investigation police can also give confidence in the society and in public in a general means. It helps out in removing crime and also promotes peace and growth(solomon, 2018). Thus, offender profiling helps out topromote and help to maintain the stabilityin the environment by analysing all the methods and the ways through which the offences and the crime can be removed from the society and the police can maintain the peace and harmony in the society and can also remove crime and criminal activities with the help of offender profiling. CONCLUSION From thisaboveessayit isconcludedthatoffenderprofilingisan important investigative strategy and a tool which helps out to identify the suspects and also helps the investigator in order to link the cases with all the repeaters who had committed the crimes. This mainly helps out to predict and identify the offenders for all their future actions. Offender profiling play an important role in policing as they help out the police to investigate the matter in a proper manner and also provide them proper and easy steps through which they can implement certain strategies to know about the crime being conducted. This mainly impact the society as it helps out to create a positive approach in the environment and also to remove the threat and fear of crimes from the society. REFERENCES Canter, D.V. and Alison, L.J. eds., 2018. Profiling property crimes. Routledge. Curtice, T.B. and Behlendorf, B., 2021. Street-level repression: Protest, policing, and dissent in Uganda. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 65(1), pp.166-194. Ginton, A., 2020. A critical examination of Iacono and Ben‐Shakhar’s critique of Ginton’s innovative technique for estimating polygraph CQT accuracy in real‐life cases. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 17(3), pp.296-309.
Rassin, E., 2018. Reducing tunnel vision with a pen‐and‐paper tool for the weighting of criminal evidence. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 15(2), pp.227-233. Ricciardelli, R., 2018. “Risk it out, risk it out”: occupational and organizational stresses in rural policing. Police Quarterly, 21(4), pp.415-439. Rosenbaum, D.P. and McCarty, W.P., 2017. Organizational justice and officer “buy in” in American policing. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management. Snook, and et. al.,2017. Predicting the home location of serial offenders: A preliminary comparison of the accuracy of human judges with a geographic profiling system. In Applications of geographical offender profiling (pp. 221-232). Routledge. Solomon, N., 2018. Redefining the psychological autopsy: A proposal for collaboration between forensic pathology and investigative psychology. Journal of investigative psychology and offender profiling, 15(1), pp.46-50. Thuma, E.L., 2019. All our trials: Prisons, policing, and the feminist fight to end violence. University of Illinois Press. Watson, and et. al., 2017. The crisis intervention team (CIT) model: An evidence‐based policing practice?. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 35(5-6), pp.431-441.