Negative Effects of Oil Spills on Marine Life and Economy

Running head: OIL SPILL
OIL SPILL
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Author Note:

OIL SPILL1
I. Introduction:
The aim of this essay is to discuss the refraction of the crude oil is affecting the lives
underwater. The oil trading which has become one of the most important business in all parts
the earth, is encouraging the transportation of oil through the water ways. These oils in case is
spilled due to the leak in the tankers or by any way gets mixed with the water of the ocean,
seas and rivers, is contaminating the waters of these water body making the aquatic flora and
fauna abolish within few days (Yvonne Chen, 2013). The main argument of this essay is the
negative effect of spoiling oil on the environmental ecology balance. The counter arguments
will be discussing the essentiality of the transporting of the crude oil through water ways for
the promotion of the business in all over the world and maintaining balance in world
economy.
Oil spills around the world in the ocean and seas cause harm to the marine life
around them. Not only is marine life affected, but so is the economy around these spills.
Supporting Paragraph 1:
The first and foremost consequences of transporting crude oil is related to the
endangering the marine life. Not of the ocean and sea animals or plants are being affected by
the crude oil spills but also the aquatic lives of the marshlands, breaches and rivers which
have direct connection with the larger water bodies are being contaminated. As the study by
Beyer et al. (2016) has mentioned the crude oil eventually floats and brakes the connection
between the air and water. Thus the oxygen supply of water gets reduced and the animals like
whales, fish, octopus, turtles do not get proper amount of oxygen hence get chocked to die.
The oils can clog the blowholes of the dolphins and other water mammals making their
breathing impossible. Similarly when these mammals consume fish with contaminated water
get affected.

OIL SPILL2
Supporting Paragraph 2:
The spilling of crude oil in the surface of the water leads to the damage the nestling
ground of the animals. Along with this, when the oil eventually stops floating on the surface
of the water and either sinks into the ocean bed or deposits in the coastal areas. This affects
the animals and birds with far and feathers. These animals cannot clean themselves up and
fail to fly. These species face problems as their ability to movement gets them food.
Moreover to Payne (2018), the oil coverage on the far destroy the natural water proofing of
these species and insulation that kill them through overheating. The sea turtles who come to
the shore for nestling and hatching their eggs like the seals gather in the ocean shore during
their mating season, record high death rate due to oil spill. These species are killed or
damaged either for their food habits which they collect from the sea shores or for their
inability to grow properly due to oil contamination.
Supporting Paragraph 3:
The salinity of the ocean water gets affected due to crude oil spill in the surface. This
melts the ice and increases heat of the water. This affects the pH balance in water and
eventually kills the fish species. Due to imbalance in the water pH level, the bleaching of the
coral increase endangering their beautiful species. In addition to this, crude oil spilling also
hamper the growth and survival of the plants that live depending upon the salinity and heat of
the marine water as the amount of carbon gets increased in the water affected (Daly et al.,
2016). Along with the process of affecting the lives of the animals and floats, the mixing of
oil in the ocean water is a reason of increasing global warning that is affecting the global
water cycle. The ocean current takes the polluted water to the other parts of the oceans
mixing the water of the earth affecting the air, water, land and every part of the ecosystem
that comes in touch of the crude oil.