Old age is another socio demographic

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NURSING
Student’s Name
Nursing
Course Studied
Course Code
State
City
Date

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Nursing
Socio-demographic Characteristics
Carla's residence in a rural location is a significant socio-demographic characteristic. In
Australia, approximately 29% (seven million) of the population rescind in rural and remote areas
of the country (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2018, p.1). The Australians face
fundamental challenges based on their rural location. Often, people who live in rural areas are
more prone to poor health and welfare outcomes compared to their counterparts in urban centers.
Old age is another socio-demographic factor that is linked to Carla. Old age is a
fundamental cause of chronic conditions in Australia. According to the Australian survey, the
prevalence of chronic conditions is higher in older people. According to the Australian Bureau of
statistics, the prevalence of diabetes increases with age. Following the National Health Survey
carried out in 2014-2015, approximately one person is six individuals aged above 65 years
reported to have diabetes (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2015, p.1). The link between diabetes
and aging must be a concern to Anne who has begun experiencing gestational diabetes at her first
pregnancy.
Employment is a vital socio-demographic factor. John fears losing employment at the
expense of his personal health. Employment rates in Australia differ with sex, age, education
achievement, and other related demographic factors. Research shows that employment among
women is lower (70%) compared to the employment rate in males (79%) in the country (ABS,
2018a).
Social Determinants of Health
Neighborhood and Physical environment is a significant social determinant of health. The
fact that Carla rescinds in a rural area has a huge implication on her wellbeing. In Australia, the

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proportion of adults who engage in ill-health conditions like smoking is majorly located in rural
areas compared to urban areas. As a result, rural areas are more prone to the occurrence of
chronic conditions compared to cities and metropolitan zones. The poor conditions in rural areas
are linked to the deficiency of other factors such as education, income, access to services, and
employment opportunities (Petra, Madeleine, and Michelle, 2012, p.4). This narrative is clearly
illustrated by Carla's condition in the case study. The victim lacks access to diverse factors that
contribute to her hardship lifestyle. Carla is brought up in an environment where people do not
know how to read (her aunt). This makes her struggle in her educational life, thus ending up
married at an early age (teen stage).
The rural residence gives rise to economic stability as another critical social determinant
of health. Employment is a significant challenge within the rural parts of Australia. In the case
study provided, John finds it difficult to secure a consistent job. As a result, he finds it difficult to
contribute the finance required in taking care of their 5-year-old child with Carla. As if that is not
enough, John fails to fail to reveal his head injury accident in the workplace due to the fears of
losing his job. The potential of an individual to undergo suffering rather than anticipations on
personal health defines the outcome of scarce employment opportunities in Australia. Finally,
John suffers from depression and anxiety.
Community and social context is a key determinant of health in Australia. Key aspects
under this determinant of health include social integration, community engagement,
discrimination, stress, and support systems (Heiman, and Artiga, 2015, p.2). These aspects have
been depicted by Carla, who finds it easy to work in grocery and retail positions while the child
is still young because of the shared childcare duties and doing operations in opposite shifts.
However, things get tighter as the child grows up due to the absence of financial stability. On the