Ontology in Nursing Care: Assignment
Added on 2020-04-01
7 Pages1883 Words58 Views
Healthcare and ResearchPhilosophy
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Running head: ONTOLOGY IN NURSING CARE0Ontology in Nursing CareName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor’s note
ONTOLOGY IN NURSING CAREPart One“Health: A Developing Concept in Nursing”Health is one of the central theories of the nursing practise. However, the concept ofhealth is complex and encompasses multiple dimensions (Alslman et al., 2015). According toWorld Health Organisation, health is a complex state of mental, physical and social wellbeingof a person and is not solely inclined towards the presence or absence of the disease. Nursingprofessionals consider health as cumulative effect of subjective experience and defined healthas a multifaceted concept that includes mental health, physical health and spiritual dimension.According to epistemological concept, health is defines as a condition related to absence ofdisease. Under this approach, the concept of nursing is directed towards the biomedicaladaptation of the patient including biological, psychological and sociocultural domain. It alsoemphasize on goal directed behaviour of the individual along with productive living. As thelogical concept, there is a close consideration between the health and well-being so thenursing approach will not only be directed towards the physical well-being but will also bedirected towards the mental well-being (Alslman et al., 2015). Under the pragmatic approach,the spiritual background of a patient is also taken into consideration for the overallimprovement of the mental and physical health. According to the lingustical approach, healthin nursing discipline must be oriented in a manner that is in sync with the philosophicalpresuppositions. Apart from this there are several nursing definitions of health (Alslman etal., 2015). Health at times is defined as movement of personality in the forward direction viainterpersonal activities, promoting constructive living (Henderson, 1966). Orem (1971, 1980,1995) has defined health in a nursing care as wholeness of mental and body functioning.Health at times is defined as a reflected level of well-being of life (Neuman, 1989). Proper
ONTOLOGY IN NURSING CAREdefinition of health helps in optimised nursing diagnosis providing proper nursingintervention (Lyon, 2012).Under ontological schools of thought, nursing is defined as an inherent process that issolely directed towards the wellbeing of the humans, manifested via the intregration andcomplexity of the human systems. The four major schools of ontological school of thoughtsare Critical Theory, Post-positivism, Complexity/Relationality, and Human Science.Critical TheoryCritical theory or social critical theory represents a school of thought that vouch forreflective assessment and stringent critique of the culture and the society via implementingthe education derived from social science and humanities. This critical theory was firstdiscussed by a group of researchers in Institute of Social Research in Frankfurt, Germany.This critical theory has emerged as an important research orientation in the domain of nursingcare. It bestows the nursing profession with some board and new questions and also offers anextended knowledge on nursing care. Critical theory assists advancement in nursingunderstanding in everyday practice. It also helps in the identification of some critical problemassociated with the nursing research, provide basis of carrying out actions for the overallimprovement of the well-being of human, and provide logic behind transforming thestereotype and helps in the establishment of the new nursing care techniques that aims towithdraw the reinforcement over inequality (Mill, Allen & Morrow, 2016). Positivism and PostpositivismIn the models of scientific inquiry and philosophy, post positivism also known aspostempiricism is a kind of metatheoretical instance that amends or criticizes the concept ofpositivism. The theory of positivism states that the researched person upon which theresearch has been conducted are independent to each other. Postpositive does not considers
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