Operating System

Operating System
Table of Contents

Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
Question 1. Explicate sequence of steps that are being taken via OS initiation for execution of
their application......................................................................................................................1
Question 2. Carry out memory compaction and illustrate memory allocation.......................1
Question 3. Draw diagram for state transition that explicate distinct kind of interrupts while
process transition....................................................................................................................2
Question 4. Comparison as well as contrast among GUI and CLI. Illustrate advantages and
characteristics of GUI.............................................................................................................3
Question 5. Explicate time slicing within round robin algorithm that creates impact on overall
performance of operating system...........................................................................................4
Question 6...............................................................................................................................5
Draw arm movement for seek strategies along with track time.............................................5
Question 7. How peripheral devices communicate with the operating system for furnishing
input and output......................................................................................................................7
Question 8. Explore three file system within current OS.......................................................7
Question 9. Specify the extent up to which android source code can be accessed via public
and explicate whether it should be more open system...........................................................8
Question 10. Illustrate different UNIX commands................................................................8
References......................................................................................................................................11

Introduction
The software that acts like interface among computer hardware components along with
their user is referred to as operating system. This aids within carrying out interaction with
computer without having knowledge about language of the computer (Anwar and et. al, 2016). It
is program that is initially loaded within the computer via boot program as well as management
of application program within the system. The report will provide different aspects related with
operating system.
Question 1. Explicate sequence of steps that are being taken via OS initiation for execution of
their application
The operating system is accountable for recognition of mouse event. This routes event to
program that is under the cursor and it is windows explorer which determines entities that are
under the cursor as well as perform relevant actions on this. For an instance if entity is desktop
file, then the default actions will be determined for this. In case, if this is file then ShellExecute
will be called that will further look via registry for identification of file class dependent on
extension via utilisation of data from the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT. If file was identified then
operation system will start other processes by making use of file like a parameter for it. Mouse
events will be routed for the application.
The processor is accountable for recognising the screen-tap or mouse click. It gets
positioning of cursor and enables to look what program launcher is waiting for to be clicked. It
will implement program launcher that runs the program.
Question 2. Carry out memory compaction and illustrate memory allocation
Memory compaction refers to the process that is associated with moving allocated objects
together as well as leaves empty spaces together. This implies the process where free space will
be gathered within the larger memory chunk for making certain space available for distinct
processes. This is also referred to as swapping. It denotes the process which can be temporarily
swapped out of the main memory into the disk or secondary storage that will make memory
available for other processes (Dronamraju and et. al, 2020). After certain instance of time, the
system will swap back processes into the main memory from secondary. The performance gets
impacted via process of swapping but this will aid within execution of multiple as well as big
processes within parallel. The example of memory compaction is illustrated below:

0 OS
400K P1
700K P2
1100K 400 K
1300K P3
1600K 300 K
2000K P4
2200K 200 K
The above figure illustrates the exact memory allocations which clearly specify that
certain memory is lost in between the processes which can be utilised within other processes.
0 OS
400K P1
700K P2
1100K P3
1300K P4
900 K
The figure shows memory compaction where the unallocated memory is gathered in one
place that can be used within other processes as per the requests that are being made.
Question 3. Draw diagram for state transition that explicate distinct kind of interrupts while
process transition
The process that are being implemented via the process comprises of distinct states, they
are also referred to as status of the process. Process state refers to the state field within the
process descriptor. Processes might occupy wide varieties of states. The process from their
creation to completion passes via different states (Min and et. al, 2018). The process state is
accountable for describing static view of the processes but they move continuously among
different states as per well-defined rules. The different transition states are specified beneath: