Applying Lean Principles in Project Management

This assignment delves into the practical application of lean principles within the realm of project management. It examines how concepts like value stream mapping, waste identification, and continuous improvement can enhance project efficiency, quality, and stakeholder satisfaction. The assignment likely involves analyzing real-world case studies or scenarios to illustrate the effectiveness of lean methodologies in managing projects successfully.

Operations and Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Review and critique of implementation of operation management principles in
organisational context..................................................................................................................1
Review of critique implementation of operation management in relation with six sigma
methodology and lean principles.................................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Continuous improvement plan based on review and critique in operational management
principles......................................................................................................................................4
Effectiveness of continuous improvement plan with using theories and model.........................5
Apply theory and model..............................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
a) Importance of new product its target market...........................................................................7
b) Project plan..............................................................................................................................8
c) WBS and Gantt chart...............................................................................................................9
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
a) Designing and implementation of PLC with its importance to execute successful project. .10
b) Cost saving techniques..........................................................................................................11
c) Techniques used to implement quality measure....................................................................12
d) Importance to maintain quality control over production and distribution of new product. . .13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Operation and project management considered major role in business success and
outcomes. With the help of these aspects, products and services could be produced in a
systematic manner. It includes identifying the requirements and establishment of clear objectives
to compete with demand and attain purpose as well. It will assist to create proper structure and
scientific approach (Brones, de Carvalho and de Senzi Zancul, 2014). The present report is based
on XYZ Company in which new product development activities need to be implemented. New
product develop that is Large Screen TV is around 58 inches. For gaining insight information, it
covers review and critique to implement the operations and principles. Furthermore, it includes
effectiveness for continuous improvement with using appropriate theories. In addition to this,
project life cycle is implemented to provide large screen television. Moreover, it based on the
Gantt chart which depict project completion time frame.
TASK 1
P1. Review and critique of implementation of operation management principles in organisational
context
Operation management is the evaluation process which includes planning, organising and
supervising processes to make necessary changes and create higher profitability. In everyday
operations, it makes proper support to accomplish goals to create deep analysis and measurement
as well. In XYZ Company, operation management considered positive impact through set
activities and time frame to make special characteristics and operations. Manager of operations
management helps to focus on the production planning and inventory control to produce new
product. It requires wide range of discipline make incorporate general management. Following
are certain operation management principles applied in the enterprise: Principle of inventory management: To attain the desired goals, operational
management considered knowledge and understanding in inventory management with
principles and techniques. In XYZ Company, it provides roles and responsibilities to
control inventory. It put a direct impact on the business to introduce essential skills and
vocabulary. Principle of operations planning: For implementing the principle of operation planning,
fundamental knowledge and understand basic manufacturing in the chosen business
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regarding TV. There are different kinds of principles and techniques used at each level in
planning process from the strategic tactical. Principles of manufacturing management: In this course, introduction to the concepts
and practices considered in manufacturing management. With the help of this, XYZ
company need to include process layout, bills of material, execute manufacturing
planning, activities, etc. It considered in working with material requirement. Principle of distribution and logistics: Main goal to implement the above principle,
foundation of distribution considered in the logistic management. In this way, topics are
discussed with principles and activities of warehousing. Principles and activities of
transportation fulfilment help to implement design and more activities (Principles of
Operations Management, 2018).
 Principles of managing operations: In this regard, the chosen business needs to
implement fundamental knowledge and decision tool for the organisation. In this regard,
designing and operating activities in distribution environment exist for new product TV.
It is concerned with the design of system and produce goods in operations of those
systems.
Review of critique implementation of operation management in relation with six sigma
methodology and lean principles
Six Sigma
Six Sigma is the methodology to solve data driven problem. It helps to focus on the
process variation and emphasis on the customer satisfaction as well. With the help of the
continuous process improvement defects could be reduces in systematic manner.
Lean principles
Lean is systematic approach that assists to meet with aims and objectives and reduce
errors as well. It helps to add values in the process that emphasis and remove wastage in the
process. Therefore, its effectiveness will be increasing in XYZ to produce systematic work
performance at workplace. It also assists to satisfying customer demand and requirement with
high satisfaction level as well. Following are certain usefulness of the lean:
 Reduce process cycle time
 Improve product and services delivery time
 Reducing elimination of chance of defect generation
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 Diminish inventory levels
 Optimise resources with key improvements activities.
This process never end because, there are certain elements exist that promotes continuous
chain for improvement. In this way, following principles could be understand of lean:
Define value: Customers defines value of products and services that are essentially
helped to identify their expectations. In respect to implement new product in XYZ, process
activities into the non-value added considered.
Map the value stream: In the value stream mapping, it has been show that workflow
process considered for products and services (Brones, de Carvalho and de Senzi Zancul, 2014).
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Illustration 1: Lean principles
Source: (A Brief Introduction To Lean, Six Sigma And Lean Six Sigma, 2018)

Therefore, it assists to look and identify NVA activities. It helps to reduce process delay and
improve quality.
Create flow: In respect to create flow of customers, it is another principle that help to
produce product and services. Therefore, it optimises process to maximise efficiency (Maylor,
Turner and Murray-Webster, 2015).
Establish pull: With the help of this approach, the chosen business able to meet their beat
time. It considered rate on which customer demand could be meet easily. It makes smooth
functioning in the business.
Seek continuous improvement: In addition to this, XYZ need to put consistent efforts to
improves business process with cater changes in customer requirement and needs.
TASK 2
P2 Continuous improvement plan based on review and critique in operational management
principles
In order to implement the continuous development plan, there are different elements
implemented that are based on reviews and critique in operational management principles as
well. In the XYZ company, it is design to includes following elements:
 Teamwork
 Personal discipline
 Improve morale
 Quality
 Suggestions for improvement
In the way, following are certain principles describes that make successful results to
attain creativity:
 Need to look towards the entire process to evaluate the TV implementation activities.
 Kaizen approach considered way in which the best process develop to implement
effectiveness at workplace.
Critique
 Kaizen reduces waste such as inventory, time, workers motion.
 It only improves space and product quality.
 Results considered higher employee morality and job satisfaction
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Effectiveness of continuous improvement plan with using theories and model
With respect to implement the continuous improvement plan, there are several kinds of
activities designed that brings improvement in products, services and processes. In order to
implement it in XYZ for new TV manufacturing there are several benefits take place which
assists to make effective measurement and action. Continuous improvement is the critical
direction which recognised through Kaizen theory (Maylor, Turner and Murray-Webster, 2015).
In this aspect, following are certain activities included: Identify opportunity: It is the first step which implement to produce effective results in
the business environment. With this regard, firstly, the organisation need to identify
opportunity to increase their effectiveness at workplace. Analysis the process: Furthermore, process analysis to make systematic work
performance in the chosen business for new product development. In this regard,
activities designed to produce systematic work performance in the XYZ company for
new TV manufacturing. Develop optimal solution: After analysis the process, the selected business has
responsibility to create optimal solution. In this regard, activities design and carried to
make systematic process and target several customers at workplace (Amin, Bergeron and
Zhang, 2017). Implement the solution: In respect to implement the solution, the chosen business need to
considered creative aspect at workplace. It will help to ensure that new TV manufacturing
activities considered target different types of customers in the business environment
(Wilson, Bhakoo and Samson, 2018). This is because, XYZ could be face issue and
problem to consider activities. Study results: After implementation of the solution, the organisation need to concentrate
on the study results. This is because, with the help of identify study results, the
organisation could able to implement new product development process at workplace. It
assists to focus on the new activities that are required to meet with effective results. Standardisation solution: In addition to this, XYZ need to concentrate to make
standardisation in their products and services to attract customers in the business.
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 Plan for future: At last, all the activities considered in continuous development to make
systematic work performance. In addition to this, it also considered plan for future
development activities in the environment (Alias, Zawawi and Aris, 2014).
Apply theory and model
In respect to apply Kaizen theory, XYZ company need to focus on their creativity and
develop effective results at workplace. With this regard, theory implemented to increase
effectiveness of new TV of 58 inches with remove defects as well. Therefore, following steps
implemented in the business organisation:
Assess: It is the first step in which information could be gather to improve and conduct
proper survey as well. In this aspect, there are several levels implemented in XYZ to
manufacture TV. In addition to this, survey need to conduct with employees and competition as
well. Therefore, it originates from the concept of dissatisfaction with status quota. Hence, the
chosen company can measure that how existing state implemented.
Design and plan: Further, XYZ need to priorities the tasks to make very simple
activities. Further, it helps to concentrate on the realistic and incremental changes. It helps to
make sure that strategy and objectives accomplish within the specific time period. It makes
proper support and guidance on each stage.
Implement: In addition to this, share strategy among the several partners considered
communication to make effective results. Therefore, it helps to encourage open and constructive
criticism. Moreover, in XYZ it is also implemented to create plan and tools for monitoring
metrics. Hence, guidance creates support that present in the stage.
Evaluate: At last step, the chosen business need to move towards the evaluation of goals
and objectives that are using for improvement metrics. In this way, measurement consider in
simple, meaningful, quantifiable way to develop baseline (Wilson, Bhakoo and Samson, 2018).
In addition to this, key success factor includes to make improvement in the products by
XYZ to increases its effectiveness in the market. It also helps to focus on the creativity that
assists to look towards the continuous improvement and objectivity empowering as well.
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TASK 3
a) Importance of new product its target market
There are several importance could be seen of new product in the target market. This is
because; it helps to increase effectiveness in the chosen business for implement TV product in
the market. It is the best way to attain desired goals and objectives in the business environment to
focus on the creativity and goals. In order to look towards the present product, it is important for
the following points:
 Change market: In recent time, technology change continuously so that new
manufacturing methods invented. There old technologies replaced through new and
advance activities so that creativity will be develop in business environment (Maylor,
Turner and Murray-Webster, 2015). In addition to this, XYZ Company spends more
amounts to implement latest technology and cope up with the new activities as well.
Hence, new product will be developed in the market easily. In respect to look towards the
efficient and effective products, innovations will be developed in the market to attain
desired results.
 Increase competition: Furthermore, development of new products in the market also
increases competition so that it helps to make systematic work performances and outcome
in business. In addition to this, XYZ Company also able to implement innovations and
creativity that helps to increases more benefits at workplace. As results, products and
services will helps to make sure that systematic work performances are going (Alias,
Zawawi and Aris, 2014).
 Diversification of risk: In addition to this, the chosen business also able to diversify their
risk in different aspects which helps to reduce negative impact as well. In this regard,
XYZ able to understand that how risk will be reduced through concentrate on the different
parameters of the outcomes which make systematic work performances.
 High reputation and goodwill: In order to deal with the innovative product life cycle,
XYZ organisation easily increases their goodwill and reputation in the business. This is
because, when new product implemented in the market, they can easily make proper
concentration on the innovations and creativity as well (Turner and Aitken, 2018).
 Seasonal fluctuation: According to season development, the chosen business able to
deliver creativity at workplace. Therefore, it assists to maintain more effective results at
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workplace. With the help of the systematic work performances, the company will easily
set their targets and goals which attain to make innovations and creativity.
 Growth and development: With the help of the growth and development activities, the
company can make their targets and goals at workplace (Zeng, Tam and Tam, 2015). This
is because, new product of XYZ Company always make more targets and goals to attain
credibility in the business environment. As results, new TV of the enterprise make more
effective functioning in the business environment.
b) Project plan
XYZ considered their operations to produce new product that is TV in different phases. In
order to diversify operations and functions, it assists to work on the long established goods that
help to make creative results at workplace. It increases quite rapidly expansion to make effective
functioning in the XYZ Company. Following steps could be used by the business for it:
 Introductions stage: It is the first stage in which company want to launch their new
product in market. In this regard, size of the market for product is very small so that sales
consider low (Amin, Bergeron and Zhang, 2017). Therefore, it is important towards the
XYZ to develop cost for research and development program to know about the product
demand and requirements. Beside this, cost of the things consider in the market to know
about the marketing activities and deal in competitive sector.
 Growth stage: In order to look towards the growth stage, the chosen business needs to
look towards the characteristics that assist to create high growth of the enterprise. In
addition to this, profit margin needs to decide by the company to make effective results
(Brones, de Carvalho and de Senzi Zancul, 2014). As results, XYZ needs to look towards
the overall profit amount that increases continuously to launch new product. It makes
positive impact on the chosen enterprise. With the help of the promotional activities,
potential results will be maximising in different stages of the business development.
 Maturity stage: In respect to look towards the maturity stage, it has been seen that
products are established to maintain security in the market. With the help of the benefits
implementation, the chosen business can increase their effectiveness to compete with
other (Sando, Alluri and Saha, 2018). In addition to this, products modifications and
improvements will be considered in this stage. For example, implement new features,
development activities, etc.
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 Decline stage: At the last stage, marketing of new product done which start to shrink.
Therefore, it is known as decline stage. In order to look towards the consumer market, it
has been seen that consumers of XYZ Company switch to other which create major
impact on the business performances. The chosen business also needs to look towards the
less expensive products with cheaper market activities (Gill, Fleck and Vanheusden,
2016).
c) WBS and Gantt chart
Gantt chart
Activities Week
1
Week
2
Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week
7
Week
8
Week
9
Establishment
of ideas
Development
of objectives
Define project
to launch new
product
Set budget
Identify market
demand
Assessment of
competition
Establishment
of plan
Implementation
of plan
WBS
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Figure 1 Work breakdown structure
TASK 4
a) Designing and implementation of PLC with its importance to execute successful project
In order to make successful implementation of PLC plan, it is important to identify
activities which help to attain desired results and outcomes. This is because; with consider XYZ
operations and functions, the chosen business able to deliver their proper outcomes and findings
in the business. In the industry, successful measurement of product life cycle determines through
inception which engineer design and manufacture to serve disposal and manufactured products.
In this process, different aspects integrated such as people, data, process and system. Therefore,
proper information could be provided that is backbone of the companies which extended
enterprise (Alias, Zawawi and Aris, 2014). In respect to implement this process, the chosen
business needs to include following elements:
Design concept: Firstly, the chosen business needs to make their concentration on the
design element. It is formed with idea so that XYZ need to identify critical marketing and
manufacturing barriers as well. In addition to this, ability also identifies that help to make
communication concept.
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Technical feasibility: In respect to implement technical feasibility, it is important to
confirm target audience. Therefore, it could be verify through considered proper targets and
goals at workplace (Aiello and Gatti, 2017). In this regard, the chosen business able to assess
their technical and economic limitations which cannot be implemented to overcome the problem
of development.
Product development: In respect to verifying the products, XYZ can perform that how it
would be considered to make necessary improvement in material, components, designs, etc. All
these activities help to ascertain more systematic work performances that helps to understand
creativity.
Product validation: The chosen business also needs to implement validating to understand
and assess its reliability that assists to establish market outcomes (Maylor, Turner and Murray-
Webster, 2015). In this stage, it is important to look towards the warranty period of TV.
Full production: Further, when products has been launched, the chosen business need to
identify that it stand or not for particular competition. Therefore, they all are able to make
innovations and creativity at workplace to deal with new products and outcomes. In respect to
this, XYZ able to deliver TV products with making some improvements for next revision. It will
help to boost towards the sales and ascertain effective results in the competition (Holweg and
Maylor, 2018).
Support: In order to make proper support, it is important to look towards the launching of
products. This is because; it is the ultimate thing which every business required to launch their
product. In addition to this, failure data also assess which can also coming back to produce
effectiveness in XYZ.
b) Cost saving techniques
In respect to launch the new product in market, XYZ Company needs to look towards the
cost saving techniques. This is because; in the market there are several competitors exist that
provide same product as the chosen enterprise. In this way, TV could be easily seen in different
areas of the world. With implement this technique, the enterprise able to deliver their
effectiveness in new product and service (Ramasesh and Browning, 2014). It will help to
considered effective targets and goals. Following are different techniques exist in the market that
assists to develop effective results:
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Prepare a budget: Budget is essential part to grow effective performances in the
enterprise. In this regard, XYZ able to considered their plan and manage activities in systematic
manner. In this aspect, the chosen business needs to develop money management to large and
small enterprise. In this way, budget assists to make financially viable. Budgeting is also
considered to make financial planning so that on each activity cost will be set previously.
Therefore, the organisation spends money as per their allocation. It will help to save the money
on allowance to monitor on the financial activity (Mir and Pinnington, 2014). It helps to make
sure that budget will be prepared in effective way to attain desired results.
Lean production: In the lean production activity, business strategy develops with different
philosophy and doing more activities as well. It will assist to look towards the environmental
protection which makes sure that targets and goals are attained in systematic manner. Therefore,
it supports to implement findings ways through lean producer cut their expenses and get effective
job as well (Wilson, Bhakoo and Samson, 2018). In the XYZ development activities design to
make sure that they expenses need to understand. It assists to create add values and operations
eliminate that assists to make systematic functioning. On the basis of the activities, operating
lean business also save money with reducing overhead.
Form alliances: In the business external suppliers implemented for material and resources.
Therefore, it will assist to look towards the different activities of the business. With the help of
the considered expenses in previous aspect of month, XYZ able to create effective strategy on
discounted basis. It helps to reduce costs and free expertise through resource manages and
exchanged (Sears, Sears and Segner, 2015). It helps to reduce negative elements from the
organisation to keep proper security. Form strategic alliance assists to save cost in the business
with reducing negative impact as well. Cost saving partnership activities assists to design and
make discounted with free expertise. Resources are also exchanged out of the pocket expenses.
c) Techniques used to implement quality measure
In respect to measure the quality, there are several ways exist that can be used by the XYZ
to implement effective results at workplace. In the XYZ, TV product implement develop quality
control is the important issue in the manufacturing and considered expert tools and techniques to
measure quality (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). In this product, well received activities
develop with government inspection. With the help of different techniques, depending on type of
the enterprise. In this way goals also accomplish with tools in the production of new products:
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Inspection: Inspection is also critical part that assists to measuring quality. In this aspect,
small operations develop with random product testing. It is statistical technique that used as
method for large volume production. It requires enough samples to compare it with whole. Many
software program need to considered in XYZ for their new product TV.
Testing: It is another type of the product testing. In this way, the chosen business could be
assess that product will failure or promote. In the testing, limits beyond to evaluate and stop
functioning that is intended (Heizer, 2016). It usually included stressing the mechanical
properties of the products that assists to measure the strength and elasticity of the product and
services.
d) Importance to maintain quality control over production and distribution of new product
Quality is the major consideration which assists to look towards the effective functions and
operations in the business. In this regard, it is important to make products and services that are
important to contribute long term revenue and profitability (Haksever and Render, 2018). In the
XYZ for TV product, it is important for the following aspects:
Meeting with customer expectations: In order to look towards the quality, customers easily
attracted when the business delivers products as per their demand and requirements. If the
business not easily considered alternative options, it retain to loss loyalty of people.
Manage reputation of business: In respect to make effective functioning, quality standards
are essential to deal with certain customers. With this regard, XYZ need to complying with the
legislation. In the enterprise, accredited quality control system creates crucial impact on the
compiling with those standards (Harrison and Lock, 2017). Therefore, the company able to enter
new markets to giving prospects independent confirmation for company ability.
Meeting industry standards: Due to poor quality of products, increases cost requires
considered effective results. When the company, quality control system implement to produce
systematic work results (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that operation management is the important
aspect that helps to make effective results at workplace. With the help of the innovative functions
and operations requires in XYZ to produce TV product. Furthermore, it summarised about the
principles and quality of the effective results. In this regard, report carries different activities to
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produce to develop market trends and outcomes. It will help to concentrate on the effective
functioning in the business. Furthermore, it summarised about the quality measurement to make
effective results. In order to articulated about the methods of cost implementation techniques to
make effective results.
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REFERENCES
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and Circular Model. In Project Portfolio Management Strategies for Effective
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management practice: A conceptual framework. Procedia-Social and Behavioral
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Amin, K., Bergeron, M. and Zhang, J., 2017. UBC Building Operations: client project brief.
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a missing link for the integration of sustainability in product development?. Journal of
Cleaner Production, 80, pp.106-118.
Fleming, Q.W. and Koppelman, J.M., 2016, December. Earned value project management.
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Gill, T.D., Fleck, D. and Vanheusden, A., 2016. The Leuven Manual on the International Law
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Haksever, C. and Render, B., 2018. Service and Operations Management. World Scientific
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Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Maylor, H., Turner, N. and Murray-Webster, R., 2015. “It worked for manufacturing…!”:
Operations strategy in project-based operations. International Journal of Project
Management, 33(1), pp.103-115.
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Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking
project management performance and project success. International journal of project
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unknown unknowns in project management. Journal of Operations Management, 32(4),
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Sando, T., Alluri, P. and Saha, D., 2018. Evaluation of Project Processes in Relation to
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Online
A Brief Introduction To Lean, Six Sigma And Lean Six Sigma, 2018. [Online] Available through:
<https://www.greycampus.com/blog/quality-management/a-brief-introduction-to-lean-
and-six-sigma-and-lean-six-sigma>.
Principles of Operations Management, 2018. [Online] Available through: <http://www.apics-
lork.org/principles-of-operations-management.html>.
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