Project Management Challenges and Solutions

This assignment delves into the complexities of project management, examining various theories and concepts that guide effective project execution. It highlights common challenges encountered in managing projects and proposes practical solutions to overcome these obstacles. The document analyzes different perspectives on project success and explores how stakeholder engagement, risk management, and communication strategies contribute to achieving desired outcomes.

OPERATIONS AND
PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Implementation of project management in an organisation along with its principles...........1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Continuity in improvement plan based on review and analysis............................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P3 Application of Product Life Cycle.........................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Effectiveness of PLC in application of project......................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is said to be a department which, for conducting a business
operations optimises all the resources that are available to them. This assist the company in
manufacturing goods with best quality. According to the case scenario a company wants to
launch a 58' inch television, for this they are developing a proper plan that is further discussed in
this report. Hotpoint is the organisation that is being taken in this assignment (Blomquist and et.
al., 2010). The report will focus on implementation of operations management and its principles
within an organisation. Therefore, a continuous improvement in plan is being done so that
product can be effective in nature. All stages of PLC is discussed in this assignment for
completing this report. Lastly, review is being done in order to know the effectiveness of PLC in
chosen project.
TASK 1
P1 Implementation of project management in an organisation along with its principles
In an company there are various department that play their role so as to execute the work
in a better manner. Operation management helps the organisation in practising different kinds of
strategies by using raw materials for making a final goods and can be sell to its end customers.
Thus, it can be said that this department helps the company in converting all the raw materials
into final goods.
Therefore, for performing all the task in a better manner, operation management assist the
company in designing and controlling the entire process of production so that it can be executed
in an effective manner. Hence, the department of operational management is solely responsible
for the planning and organising the activities (Brauers and Zavadskas, 2010). In context with
Hotpoint they are following some of the principles in order to make the product the more
efficient.
Principles of operational management:
Reality: While performing the task the operational management focus mainly on the
problem than optimising new technologies. In this, company is using all the resources for making
a product and avoid the factors that cannot add any value to the commodity. Other then this, they
are focusing on the latest tools that are according to the current market situation.
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Fundamentals: There are certain rules which are to be followed by the companies under
Pare-to role that can be implemented in the operations. This includes strict laws which assist the
organisation in managing the records to around 80% in success income before incorporating
tools and 20% after implementing recent technologies at are available in the market area.
Accountability: Under this step, rules and regulations are formed and company give
complete freedom to managers for making strategies which can provide them maximum benefits.
Thus, they take consider the views of their team mates for doing the same. Along with this, they
guide and motivate their employee for performing their task in a better manner.
Managed passion: Working with enthusiasm always provides benefits to the organisation
as maximum number of production is done. This helps the company in giving better outcomes to
its customers (Burke, 2013). Therefore, by providing good facilities, organisation is improving
its brand image.
Success: Company manufacture goods for achieving success and profit in the business
operations. For this, they are making appropriate strategies through which company can get to
know about the changes they want to implement in their product or business.
Change: With the change in course of time new technologies and pattern are evolving,
this is creating problem for companies to manufacture goods. Thus, company is taking
feedbacks form their customer so as to understand the behaviour of consumers.
Henceforth, all the elements are looked by the department of operation management
while manufacturing a new product and this is helping them in increasing their market shares and
value in the market area.
Six Sigma: This concept is used by most of the companies so as to improve the quality of
product. Through this, operational management tries to eliminate flaws and defects that can
occur in the commodity (Corder, McLellan and Green, 2010). Therefore, it helps an organisation
in reducing the cost and time that will be consumed while manufacturing the product. Other than
this, it assist firm in resolving the issues and problems.
SIX SIGMA has a major tool i.e. DMAIC which is explained below:
Define: This is the first step, that helps management in recognising customer's demands
and needs so that a new product can be made.
Measure: After analysing the process this come into being, all the resources are looked in
order to meet future requirements for achieving goals.
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Analyse: Evaluation of basic problems so that it can be eliminated while manufacturing a
commodity. This helps the management in analysing the changes that are to be done.
Improve: Through latest tools and technologies, it helps the firm in rectifying the
modifications that are required to be done for making the product more reliable.
Control: This is an important factor so that company can use minimum resources for
getting an effective product.
Lean Principle: In context with Hotpoint, this is helping the organisation in generating ideas
within the firm. This can be further understood by the points that are explained below:
Define value: Through this, company can analyse the nature of customers regarding the
price they are agree to pay for nay commodity. This approach goes form top-down model. Firm's
main focus is on costing so that their set targets can be achieved by minimising the waste in
order to get maximum benefits at low cost as well (Cruz and Marques, 2011).
Map Value Stream: This assist the company in analysing each and every step of product
like cycle, starting from converting raw material to final product so that it can be delivered to its
end customers. It includes all the elements like designing, manufacturing, production,
administration and many more. Therefore, it draws a blueprint of the activity which company has
to follow, systematic process, excluding unwanted steps etc., thus, it can be used for excluding
unwanted steps that are not adding any value to the product.
Create Flow: This comes after the process of map value system and it make the entire
process go smoothly without any repetition, interpretation or delay. Thus, under this all the
activities are done in a systematic manner.
Establish Pull: Through this, organisation tries to identify the process form which they
can execute their activities in an effective manner (Fernández-Sánchez and Rodríguez-López,
2010). This enables company in managing all the resources in appropriate manner.
Pursue Perfection: Perfection cannot be achieved unless it is not improved on a
continuous basis. Therefore, it is important for companies to accept changes so as to make the
product more effective.
TASK 2
P2 Continuity in improvement plan based on review and analysis
Continuous Improvement And Its Meaning
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This is determined as a process through which company does modifications in their
products it is helpful organisation in understanding shortcomings in the commodity. Continuous
improvement every time provides a better product than the preceding one. Therefore, it assist
firm in improving the sales and profitability of the company. Apart from this, establish a better
understanding of between customers and enterprise.
CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT PLAN
Provider
Date
Source Anticipated Outcome Recent performance
level
Improvement in
strategies
Promotional events Because of low
promotion of the
product, maximum
number of people are
not aware of the
commodities company
has launched (Garel,
2013 ). As a result it is
not in reach of every
person.
According to the
current market
scenario, their
marketing practice is
low because of which
customers are in a
dilemma whether to
buy their products or
not. Inappropriate
communication of
message can be seen.
They are optimising all
the resources and latest
tools and technologies.
Along with this the are
using different kinds of
promotional activities
for delivering the right
message to its
customers.
After sales services There is a perception
that after selling the
product company will
not revert back their
queries.
In context with
customers, they think
that the warranty
period of the product
must be increased to a
certain period.
Company is planning
to develop a new
department that will
look after the queries
asked by the
customers. It will
enable them in
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reverting back the
issues in a better
manner. Moreover it
will improve the brand
image of the product
in front of its
customers.
Continuous improvement plan and its effect
With the help of above discussed factors it can be evaluated that, if company does a
proper planning than it can turn out to be the effective tool for increasing their sales and
productivity. In context with Hotpoint, they have implemented new and innovative ideas for
making their product more reliable and effective. All these are incorporated by the organisation
for promoting their activities in an appropriate manner. Further more, it will help firm in
evaluating the areas where changes are needed so as to make the product perfect.
Therefore, managers of Hotpoint, is conducting a research in order to know the issues
that are facing by customers regarding any commodity (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2012). Thus, for
this, company is planning better strategies which they can implement in their future proceedings.
Henceforth, organisation making plan of action so that they can deliver best quality
products that are best in class. Along with this, they are ensuring that effective services and
facilities are also provided by them. If customers face any issues regarding the goods than they
are free to call register their queries and these will be reverted in short period of time.
Effective strategies for implementation of continuous improvement plan
The entire process of continuous improvement plan is managed by the manager of the
firm and for this, they go through the feedbacks and reviews that are given by customers. Thus,
it gives an overview about the modifications that required to be done in the product so that it can
add value to the commodity. Therefore, it will help them in making changes according to the
needs and wants of the customers. Other than this, some of the points are included that company
can apply for making further improvements in their commodities and these are follows:
Good employee employer relationship: For attaining better growth in business it is
essential that a healthy relationship is maintained between customers and organisation. Through
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this, company will have a better understanding of the region where they have established their
business.
Proper communication channel: In order to reach to maximum number of people it is
required that company use effective tools of communication through which they can convey their
message to its end customers and employees as well. This is also help them in establishing an
appropriate environment at workplace.
Priority to employees need: Managers of Hotpoint must make sure that they give
attention opt their employees so that they can work effectively for increasing the sales and
profitability of the company.
Proper guidance and direction: Here the role of managers are important as they should
encourage and give guidance to employees in order to gain maximum benefits from their
activities. This will help them in achieving their set targets and goals in specific period of time.
Organizational Theories, Models and Concepts
According to this current market scenario, various models are available which company
can adopt for improving their sales and profitability. This includes theories like scientific,
classical, bureaucratic and many more (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017). It will help them in
operating their business in an effective manner. Thus, all these theories are helping them in
managing and organising all activities in a systematic way so that all the task are accomplished
step by step. Apart form this, mentoring of the performance on a regular basis will help the
manager in evaluating the data properly as a result it will help management in decision making.
TASK 3
P3 Application of Product Life Cycle
The mentioned company, Hotpoint wants to launch a new product i.e. a television of
bigger size upto 58 inches. For this, it is essential that they make proper planning in order to
know the required material for manufacturing and launching as well. In the market there are
different kinds of source through which they can enhance the productivity and sales for a long
period of time. For analysing the market durability it includes some of the factors like cost of
productivity, features and many more. Research and development department must look for the
genuine element that can act as a barrier in the entire business operations. Company are thinking
of discovering a innovative product with features like smart button, UV reflective screen etc.,
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this will provides them with competitive advancement in business environment. Along with this
company must go through the strategies that are applied by them as it will help Hotpoint in
making their product more effective in nature.
Product life cycle is an essential marketing process that is optimised by firms in order to
develop their product in a proper manner (Lindström and et. al. ,2012). It provides with the
detailed information about the process which will be helpful in developing a commodity in a
better manner. In order to know if the product is giving effective results than they must observe
their durability in the market area whether it is increasing or decreasing.
Product life cycle stages
Introduction stage: It is considered as a starting phase of manufacturing a product, it is
important because after this step, every other step will be followed. Thus, it is determined as the
initial stage of production process. Here, manager plays an important role of formulating
business strategies so that they can forecast demand so that they can get effective results and
outcomes. Initially the value of product is low but as the step progresses it gradually increases.
For better outcomes, they are making policies so that customers can get best quality products.
This will take around 4-5 weeks that is sufficient for accomplishing the entire process.
Growth stage: This is determine as second stage ans in this company uses raw material
for manufacturing their final products. This step improve the sales of the company so that they
can sustain a better position at market area. Therefore, it assist the organisation in generating
more and more revenues. So, new television will take around 6-7 weeks so as to become stable
in the market.
Maturity stage: This step is higher as compared other stages, in this company tries to
introduce their brands which can fulfil the demands of customers by satisfying their needs and
wants. For making it flexible in nature it is essential that they apply some of the innovative ideas,
which can give them maximum benefits. For completing the entire process it will take around 8-
10 weeks which is sufficient.
Decline stage: Under this stage, demand of the product comes to an end that is why it is
consider as a negative stage. Therefore, it is essential for the companies to take proper steps
through which they can avoid the product to come into this category.
Henceforth, this kind of concept is very suitable for analysing the efforts of managers.
Along with this, they must also consider some of the roles dome by leaders in order to measure
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and analyse the position of product in market areas (Mir and Pinnington, 2014). Apart form this,
the department of operational management must focus on evaluating the performance of
employees so that management can implement activities for improving their existing skills and
knowledge. Thus, it can be evaluated that the main aim of product development is to provide
better facilities and services in order to attract more and more customers towards their company.
This will help the organisation in hitting their set targets and objectives in specific period of
time.
Below work down structure is mentioned for a new commodity:
Gantt Chart: It is considered as a concept which is used for formulating a proper plan in
order to work in a systematic manner. This helps the organisation in eliminating those factors
that doesn't add any value to the product. Therefore, it gives information about the proper
optimisation of resources for getting better results.
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Illustration 1: (Gantt Chart Activity)
TASK 4
P4 Effectiveness of PLC in application of project
Hopoint wants to launch a new product i.e. a television of 58' inches as the company has
a reputed image in the market area so trying a new thing will not be easier for them. It is prime
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role of manager to encourage their employees in order to make some changes so as to enhance
their position at market area. As the mechanism of developing a television is quite difficult so
they are giving proper training to their workers so that they can manufacture best quality
products which can be delivered to its end customers.
Although Product life cycle stage provides maximum benefits but applying it is not a
easy task because in order to develop a product it has to go through various stages. Thus, to make
it into reality company is developing strategies and plan of action so as to fulfil their desired
goals and objectives (Ogunlana, 2010). Therefore, superiors can conduct a meeting and discuss
about different policies which can be applied for getting effective results. By taking feedbacks
from customer in order to know their preferences company can develop the product more
effectively. Thus, to sustain in the m,market for a longer period of time firm must make sure that
commodities that they are made by them are giving satisfaction to its clients.
Making of strategies is not the only task to do, implementing it in a better manner is the
point. As the company is making television for the first time so, it is essential that they
manufacture a product which is excellent in quality so that customer doesn't feel disappointed
after purchasing their commodity. Along with this, company must ensure that even after selling
their products they give better services and facilities to its clients. For this, they have developed
as separate department who will handle the entire process of queries and taking feedbacks from
its customers. It is enabling them, in giving better reverts of their clients and because of which
they are improving their brand image in front of their customers.
Apart from this, in order to increase their sales they are offering discount to their first 100
customers which is seems like a very good policy in context with Hotpoint. For conducting the
process of Product life cycle it is important to have better plans so that it can be implemented for
taking better decisions (Pade-Khene, Mallinson and Sewry, 2011).
Henceforth, there are various factors that are present in the market area and company can
optimise for getting effective results. In case of Hotpoint, they are considering all the points for
manufacturing the products in a better manner.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned it can be concluded that, operational management is one of
the important department that is providing company with better services and facilities in context
with increasing their sales and profitability. Under this, leaders and manager plays a prominent
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role by guiding their employees in order to give their best performance. Therefore, it is enabling
company in gaining a better position at market area.
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REFERENCES
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