BUS020N502A: Understanding Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Added on 2020-05-04
14 Pages3537 Words679 Views
Business DevelopmentStatistics and Probability
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Running head: OPERATIONS, LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTUnderstanding Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain ManagementName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor’s Note
1OPERATIONS, LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTIntroductionIn the era of twenty first centuries, the concept of carrying on a business has become acomplex factor. The major reason is that business or the organizational managers have to takeinto consideration many crucial factors at the time of carrying on the business operations of thecompanies (Monczka et al. 2015). Most importantly, the success of a particular business largelydepends on the smooth running of these business operations. In today’s businesses, three of themost important aspects are the various operations of the business, smooth continuation ofcompany logistics and the success of supply chain of the companies (Christopher 2016). Theseare the prime three factors of a large business organization. However, in the business operationsof automotive manufacturing companies, these three factors play an integral part. For this reason,it is utmost important for the organizational managers to have to have a clear understanding ofthe organizational operations, logistics and supply chain. The precise understanding about thesethree factor helps the managers in running the manufacturing and others business processes inthe efficient way. In this context, it needs to be mentioned that there are many aspects or factorsin the area of operations, logistics and supply chain management in the business organizationslike the development of process of new products or services, the process of quality management,location and layout, the management of people in the supply chain of the companies, variouslogistic mix, the process of Just-in-Time (JIT) and lean manufacturing (Stadtler 2015). For thisreport, two of the major areas are selected that are new product/service development process andmanaging quality. In addition, the report is aimed to done on an automotive company and thecompany is TOYOTA MOTORS. Thus, the main aim of this report is to provide a clearunderstanding regarding new product/service development process and managing quality forToyota Motors.
2OPERATIONS, LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTReview of Operation, Logistics and Supply Chain Management TheoriesThe presence of different kinds of important theories can be seen related to operations,logistics and supply chain management of the manufacturing industry. The Theory ofProduction is an important one in this case that provides knowledge about permanent andnormal industrial production system in the companies. Two major parts of this theory areDescriptive Theory and Normative Theory. Descriptive theory contains knowledge regarding thepast and present production process where normative theory contains knowledge about generalapplication processes in production process (Fuss and McFadden 2014).In case of logistics, one of the major theories is the theory of Logistics Regression. Thisparticular model is in very much use by the production managers to predict the probability ofoccurrence a particular event. In this process, this theory uses different kinds of predictorvariables that can be either categories or numerical. In the manufacturing industries likeautomotive companies, the vast use of logistic regression can be seen (Wang et al. 2013).In case of the supply chain management of the companies, the theory of Porter’s ValueChain is a major theory. According to this theory, the primary activities of a manufacturingorganization are inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics and marketing and sales. Thevast application of this theory can be seen in the manufacturing companies all over the world.These are the three major theories in operations, logistics and supply chain management ofmanufacturing companies (Fearne et al. 2012).Identification of Issues in Selected Operational Areas of ToyotaAt the time of carrying on the manufacturing operation, the manufacturing companieshave to deal with many issues. Some of those issues are minor issues and some of them are
3OPERATIONS, LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTmajor issues (Seuring 2013). This same concept can be seen in the manufacturing operations ofToyota Motors. Toyota is one of the major automotive companies all over the world and thecompany has its manufacturing operations established in Burnaston and Derbyshire in UnitedKingdom. From the manufacturing operations of Toyota in United Kingdom, it can be seen thatthe company has been some major issues regarding two of the operational areas; that are processof new product development and quality management. Some of the major issues in these twooperational areas of Toyota are discussed below in details:New Product Development and ProcessIt can be seen that every manufacturing organization has their own techniques or methodsfor the manufacturing process. This theory is also applicable in case of Toyota. From theproduction process of Toyota, it can be seen that the automotive manufacturer follows six uniquesteps for the development of their products. The combination of these six steps assists Toyota inachieving cross-functional coordination in the manufacturing process (hbr.org 2017). The firststep is to bring coordination in the whole product development process. In this step, there is notany system of o-locating the engineers or to assign them dedicated projects. Most of theemployees related to the product development process stays in the functional area and they haveto work on the same projects. This process helps in the derivation of ideas regarding newproducts. In this step, Toyota arranges different types of meeting with their engineers regardingthe development of new products or ideas (hbr.org 2017). The next step is the inclusion ofmentoring supervisors in the product development process. In this step, Toyota involves higher-level managers and supervisors in the process of engineering design. In this context, it needs tobe mentioned that the young engineers of the company have to get approvals from theirsupervisors for design approval and involvement in the product development process. The step is
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