Managing Risks in Business Operations

This assignment delves into the crucial topic of risk management in diverse business contexts. Students are tasked with examining how organizations identify, assess, and mitigate various risks that can impact their operations, including financial, operational, environmental, and legal risks. Drawing upon relevant academic literature and case studies, students will analyze best practices for risk management and develop strategies to enhance organizational resilience.

Running Head: Operations Management
Operations Management and Quality

Operations Management 1
Table of Contents
Task 1 Quality Management System...............................................................................................2
1.1 Quality Policy of Desert Cave Hotel.................................................................................3
1.2 Stakeholders and their needs.............................................................................................5
1.3 Process required to fulfil stakeholders’ needs........................................................................6
1.4 Input and Output for Process............................................................................................8
1.5 Performance Parameters.................................................................................................10
1.6 Continuous improvement program.................................................................................12
Task 2 Environment Management System....................................................................................14
2.1 EMS Policy..........................................................................................................................14
2.2 Stakeholders and their requirements....................................................................................16
2.3 Printing Process....................................................................................................................17
2.4 Environmental Aspects........................................................................................................20
2.5 Environmental Impacts........................................................................................................21
2.6 Environmental Objectives....................................................................................................23
2.7 Environmental Targets.........................................................................................................25
2.8 Environmental Actions........................................................................................................27
2.9 Monitoring and measuring methods....................................................................................30
Task 3 Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS): UTS...........................31
3.1 Requirements in terms of legislation...................................................................................31
3.2 Threat Identification.............................................................................................................32
3.3 Hazard assessment chart......................................................................................................34
3.4 Hazard Mitigation................................................................................................................35
References......................................................................................................................................37

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List of Tables
Tables Page no.
Table 1: Stakeholder’s Needs 6
Table 2: Input and Output processes: 9
Table 3: Performance parameters 11
Table 4: Stakeholder’s Requirements 18
Table 5: Environmental Aspects 23
Table 6: Environmental Impacts 25
Table 7: Environmental Objectives 26
Table 8: Environmental Targets 28
Table 9: Environmental Actions 30
Table 10: Risk Assessment 38

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Task 1 Quality Management System
1.1 Quality Policy of Desert Cave Hotel
 The major component of the quality policy is taking adequate care of the respected
customers of the hotel. Respected customers are the customers who are linked with the
hotel since a long time and they have always shown their integrity level towards the
hotel’s policies. The basic motive of setting up the quality policy is to provide
standardised services to its consumers and to make this experience more reliable and
unique, management of the hotel has always try to provide innovative products and
services in order to provide appropriate service quality to its consumers (AS/NZS
4801:2001).
 Adequate services have been provided in the hotel in relation to satisfy the needs of their
consumers. Desert Cave Hotel also offers its services to various institutions as well as
individuals in various forms. In order to improve the service quality, directors as well as
management of the organization has adopted the digital platforms for making its
consumers’ experience smoother and efficient (AS/NZS ISO 14001:2004).
 Adaptation of advanced techniques in order to serve qualitative services, organization has
been gained competitive advantage as well as their market share value has also been
increased. Along with the fulfilment of consumers’ needs, organization has also
developed a unique way through which achievement of goals and the objectives becomes
an easy task. Shareholders are treated as the crucial part of the organization and big share
of hotel’s profits are being distributed amongst them (AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008).
 Employees are vital element of the organization and their needs are also fulfil adequately
in order to take the organization in positive manner. Fulfilment of the employees’ needs
builds motivation qualities and it helps them to enhance their performance. Combined
and enhanced efforts of the employees help the organization to attain the desired targets
for the organization.
 In order to develop the adequate workplace environment for the employees of Desert
Cave Hotel, management has adopted certain policies in relation with providing safe,

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secure and ethical working place to them. This helps the employees to feel safe and it
also builds a trust level towards the organization which leads to enhanced performance.
 In terms of improving the standards of the organization, various national and
international hotel standards and policies have been adopted and practiced by
organization to serve the qualitative as well as reliable services to its consumers. Desert
Cave Hotel has adopted the policy of segregating the targets into small portions through
which chances in relation to achievement of targets becomes easier. Apart from this,
customer feedback and other relevant programs have been initiated in order to improve
the services provided by them (Ashokkumar, 2014).

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1.2 Stakeholders and their needs
Stakeholders are the part of organization and they can also affect the performance of the
organization. Desert Cave Hotel is a strong competitor in the hotel and hospitality industry and
they have developed adequate goodwill in the competitive business environment. Shareholders
who have invested their capital in the hotel, employees who work for enhancing the performance
of the organization, etc. are known as the stakeholders of the organization. Shareholders expect
the good returns on their investment made with the company while employees expect
appreciation for good performance in monetary terms as well as in kind forms (Becker, Kugeler
& Rosemann, 2013). Following are some of the stakeholders:
Table 1: Stakeholder’s Needs
Stakeholders Needs
 Workers Security and satisfaction from job
 Society Adequate environmental conditions
 Stockholders Adequate rate of return over their investments
 Consumers Qualitative and satisfactory services
 Political parties Conducting ethical activities without affecting
environment, society or any other aspect.

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1.3 Process required to fulfil stakeholders’ needs
Numerous processes are available in order to fulfil the requirement of the stakeholders of the
organization. Below are some of the processes defined in terms of the above stakeholders’ needs:
 Workers: The major needs of workers from the organization are job security, job
satisfaction, adequate benefits, etc. In order to fulfil these needs, Desert Cave Hotel uses
satisfaction surveys from employees, training and counselling sessions and
providing adequate working place to the workers (Boella & Goss-Turner, 2013).
 Society: Society members expect ethical performance from the organization and as per
the quality policies discussed above in relation with Desert Cave Hotel; inadequate
guests are not allowed to have a stay with the hotel (Baker, Bouchlaghem & Emmitt,
2013).
 Stockholders: Fulfilment of the shareholders’ needs is bit difficult task because they
invest in the organization after reviewing the prior organizational performance. Hence,
the primary process through which organization could satisfy the stockholders’
requirements is sharing the clear and transparent image of the organization. Under
this process, organization could share the financial statements to them and apart
from this, inviting them for the annual general meeting in which organizational
performance, promotions, etc. are declared.
 Consumers: Consumers expect the adequate qualitative products in relation with their
payment made to purchase the certain product. They also want some changes under the
products which could help them to satisfy their needs at its optimum level. To fulfil this
type of clients’ needs, organization has adopted the consumer survey programs under
which consumers are asked to provide reviews in relation with the quality, features,
etc. of the product and any kind of issues can also be shared under the survey
system. This helps the organization to gain the knowledge in relevance with the clients’
requirements and the issues present in their products and services (Bryman & Bell, 2015).
 Political Parties: Desert Cave Hotel has proposed some systems through which all the
government’s needs in relation with the tax payment, consideration of environmental
conditions, etc. it is generally expected by the government that when a company operates

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in their jurisdictions, the employment opportunities for the locals would be increased.
Desert Cave Hotel has introduced special quota in which localities are invited to
appear in the tests for job opportunities and on the basis of talents and skills,
candidates are appointed as per the organizational requirements (Goetsch & Davis,
2014).

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1.4 Input and Output for Process
Table 2: Input and Output processes:
Sustainable Environment program for resolving environmental challenges
Inputs Outputs
 Desert Cave Hotel’s policy in relation
to sustainable environmental conditions
(Hardison, et. al., 2014).
 Policy relevance to financial
sustainability.
 Appointment of environmental experts.
 Fulfilment of community’s needs
through approving environmental
friendly projects.
 Providing adequate training measures
to the employees for fulfilment of the
environmental needs.
 Implementation of international codes
of conduct in the workplace (Harris &
McCaffer, 2013).
 Providing adequate information to
shareholders regarding the organization
through true financial statements.
 Creation of risk management reports.
 Maintenance of the previous projects
reports (Blackman, 2016).
 Policy in relation to fulfilment of
government’s and other political
parties’ requirements.
 Management of the financial resources
available with the organization in order
to extract the optimum utilization from
those resources.
 Adaptation adequate training measures
to the employees to resolve the
environmental challenges.
 In order to increase the organizational
image in resolving the environmental
issues, organization has adopted
effective strategies.
 For building strong relations with the
employees, organization needs to fulfil
the requirements of its employees.
 Taking shareholders in confidence
through sharing true financial
statements.

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1.5 Performance Parameters
Under this unit, certain parameters will be identified in relation with the above process discussed
(Adaptation of sustainable environmental programs for resolving environmental challenges).
Performance parameters are used to analyse the effectiveness of the current procedures followed
by the organization. The methodologies used to perform the functionalities of the organizational
employees, organization needs to set some parameters through which achieved performance
could be matched with the performance was expected. Following are some of the parameters set
up for Desert Cave Hotel in order to achieve the desired goals and the objectives:
Table 3: Performance parameters
Performance Parameters Method for measurement
 Client Satisfaction  Survey or feedback method
 Adaptation of policies under which
resolution of consumers’ issues beings
the priority
 Building trust amongst the shareholders  Sharing transparent financial statements
to shareholders
 Feedback from shareholders
 Inviting them in the general meetings
 Making transactions efficient  Appointing experts for making the
process of the organization smooth and
flexible
 Consumption of time taken to make the
transactions efficient (Blaiki, et. al.,
2014).
 Observance of financial and
environmental policies
 Conducting internal and external
auditing
 Enhancing employees’ performance  Training & counselling sessions
 Monitoring programs

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In order to enhance the organizational performance, Deseret Cave Hotel has adopted various
measures for enhancing the organizational performance. For this reason, organization has
improved strategies and the primary option they have adopted is feedback and survey method.
Reviewing the performance of the organization and the effectiveness of this method for
enhancing the organizational performance, customers’ feedback, shareholders’ feedback could
be taken for enhancing the process of the organization (Busch, et. al., 2012).

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1.6 Continuous improvement program
For meeting the customers’ expectations, Desert Cave Hotel has adopted various measures and
policies for enhancing the quality of the service offered to its consumers. In order to make the
effective and efficient services for organizational consumers, method of enhancing the quality is
must and below are some of the key elements through which organization would be able to
achieve its objectives in relation with the fulfilment of the consumers’ needs:
 Regular updating processes, systems: In terms of the business, individual life, etc.
opportunities should be accepted because these acts as the ladder for the success. In terms
of functionalities of Desert Cave Hotel, they have adopted numerous changes in their
procedures in order to achieve goals and the objectives for the organization. Prior using
the technology, digitalised software, etc. primary activities of the organization was used
to be conducted through manual force while today it has been shifted towards the
enhanced and digitalised system for enhancing the productivity as well as the efficiency
of the organization (Caldwell, et. al., 2014).
 Regular amendments in the policy of quality: Desert Cave Hotel has amended their
quality policy numerous times in order to attain the specific goals and the objectives.
Quality policy of an organization defines the excellence of the products or services
rendered. As Desert Cave Hotel is now being included in the branded hotels hence; they
need to maintain their service in order to retain the number of consumers as well as to
build the effective relationship with them. This helps the organization to take the
competitive advantage and chances of improvement in the performance of the
organization as well as chances of expansion of the business also increases.
 Adequate training sessions: Providing training and the counselling sessions to the
newly employed candidates as well as to the existing candidates helps the organisation to
enhance its overall performance. These sessions provides organizational members
adequate information in relation with the procedures, process and the environmental
conditions of the organization. Settling down in the work environment of organization
becomes easy for the new employees after understating the working procedures, systems.

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Hence, in order to enhance the productivity of the organization, training measures and the
counselling sessions to the employees are crucial aspect (Choudhry, 2014).
 Meeting with consumers’ needs: The primary objective of every organization is to fulfil
its customers’ needs as this is the prime source of increasing demand of the products and
the services manufactured. Adaptation of certain policies prescribed by the government
needs to be fulfilled while conducting certain operations in their jurisdiction. Apart from
this, fulfilment of legal requirements, adopting honesty, integrity, etc. policies in the
framework of the organization helps them to show the transparent and adequate image of
the organization to the consumers and investors which will leads to the enhancement of
the business’ growth and success.
Adaptation of feedback, monitoring systems: It has been proved by various business experts
that monitoring the employees’ performance are the major source which their performance and
the quality of the performance could be increased. In order to increase the demand of the
products of the organization, adequate efforts from the organizational members is very crucial
and those efforts should be putted in order to attain the organizational objectives. Putting efforts
in unique and different directions leads to non-achievement of the goals for the organization.
Hence, guiding the employees and motivating them will leads to the achievement of the
organizational goals and the objectives.

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Task 2 Environment Management System
2.1 EMS Policy
In order to sustain in the business environment, organizations needs to fulfil environmental
requirements and in terms of ADCO Constructions, fulfilment of environmental management
system’s requirement is very crucial. Following are some requirements which a construction
company needs to follow in order to meet with the environmental requirements of the
organization:
 Work Health & Safety Act (2011): The primary focus of every organization should be
providing adequate and effective workplace to its employees in order to enhance the
performance of the organization. In terms of construction companies, chances of
accidents and uncertainties arises more in relevance to other industries. Hence, ADCO
Constructions needs to fulfil all those requirements in relation with the Work and Health
Safety Act (2011). The process of WHS Act determines the adaptation of effective
strategies in order to eliminate the available risks in the workplace. Safety guards, safety
consultants and other relevant programs that could help the organization in order to
reduce the risks opportunities should be adopted for increasing the efficiency of the
organization (Howarth & Greenwood, 2017).
 Dangerous Goods Regulation 2009: In construction business, numerous type of wastes
is generated which could be harmful for the workers of the organization. Hence, in order
to eliminate the occurrence of these types of issues from the workplace, organization
needs to adopt certain strategies for reducing the type of hazards that could be occurred.
Transportation of the heavy goods, loading and unloading of those heavy goods is also a
risky task. Hence, in order to reduce these types of risks, organization needs to perform
and evaluate certain measures for reducing the effect of occurrence of the uncertainties
(Hughes, Champion & Murdoch, 2015).
 Workplace injury and management and workers compensation act (1998): Under
this act, those workers who get harmed or injured within the workplace while performing
the functions of organization. In order to compensate those employees, organization

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needs to adopt strategies through which injured and harmed employees could be served
with prompt and instant response in relation with the injuries of the workers. Providing
medication, appropriate treatment, monetary compensation, etc. are certain measures
which needs to be adopted under this act and this act implies in the construction type of
industries.
 Waste Avoidance and resource recovery act (2001): With the implication of this act
within the workplace, organization needs to take care regarding the appropriate utilization
of the available resources. Inherent resources should also be used in appropriate manner
in order to enhance the productivity of the organization as well as to increase the chances
of expansion of the business in the global context. This act also demands fulfilment of the
legal obligations in relation with the utilization of natural as well as internal
organizational resources because it will leads to affect the environmental conditions as
well as it will increase the chances of under-productivity than expected (Jaber, 2016).

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2.2 Stakeholders and their requirements
Table 4: Stakeholder’s Requirements
Stakeholders Requirements
Clients  Qualitative products;
 Adequate after sale service.
Government  Attainment of environmental policies
 Attainment of all other regulations and
legal considerations in order to
eliminate the glitches and risk hazards
within the workplace.
Employees  Job security is the prior requirement of
every employee in every industry.
 Providing adequate training measures
so that understanding regarding the
procedure of the organization could be
attained.
 Safety at the workplace is also
demanded by the employees and it
should be fulfilled too appropriately.
Directors  Adequate growth rate
 Attainment of desired goals and
objectives
Dealers  Suppliers use to demand for the long
term contracts from organizations for a
reasonable rate of profits for future
periods.

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2.3 Printing Process
Construction process has various steps and below those steps, their relevance and the importance
will be discussed. The process is designed to segregate the team members and the members are
segregated on their talent, skills and step’s requirement basis.
Site review: Before starting construction, organization needs to evaluate various factors such as
environmental factors, legal factors, etc. To determine the available resources across the site,
certain methods are used through which condition of the site, resources available around the site,
etc. could be evaluated (Kelly, Male & Graham, 2014).
Design and Plan: After reviewing the location of the site, the step of designing and the planning
needs to be conducted. Relevant factors such as type of building which could be made in that
particular location and blueprint is being developed in relevance with the various conditions
across the site needs to considered as well.
Estimation of cost: Along with the design of the plan, appropriate factors are considered such as
available resources, estimation of external resources which needs to be hired for the completion
of project, etc. are performed under this category. In order to evaluate circumstances, adequate
measures are being used to determine the approximate cost which will be incurred for the
completion of project. That cost will be shared with the client by adding a certain rate of profit of
the organization (Li, et. al., 2014).
Approval of blue print from client: After all these steps, approval needs to be taken from the
client for initiating the work on particular project of constructing a building. Client must be
satisfied with the blueprint provided to them in relevance with their requirements through
building. If client will be satisfied with the planning and the designing of the project, then
construction work will get started otherwise design will be developed again as per the client’s
requirements.
Analysis of available resources: After getting the approval from the client through sharing the
blueprint, planning made on completion of certain project, construction manager analyses the
available resources with the organization in terms of workers, raw material, etc. to get the work

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done in certain period of time. If client will demand the project in less period of time in relation
to the standard time taken to project gets completed, then a separate agreement will be made with
the client in relation with the extra cost incurred because more number of workers will perform
the task as compared to the number of workers will be required to complete the project in
standard time (Mok, Sparks & Kadampully, 2013). Arrangement of external resources will also
be done under this step to complete the project as per the client’s requirements.
Construction begins: Construction manager divides the separate team to perform the various
functions to get the project done and team are divided on the basis of workers and employees’
talents. For instance, one is expert for constructing the external framing of the building and the
other one is expert in internal framing of the building then they needs to be aligned in the same
department otherwise it will leads to wastage of available resources. Through this, organization’s
performance will get affected, project will consume more time than expected and goodwill of the
firm will also get affected.
Structure framing: As per the talents of the employees and workers available with ADCO
Construction Company, construction of the building will get started. In the first stage of
construction, supporting pillars will be constructed in order to provide adequate amount of
support to the building. After construction of required number of pillars, all the tasks falling
under exterior framing will be performed. The major tasks under this category are constructing
exterior walls of the building, construction of roof, etc.
Interior framing: Under this stage, adequate construction is being performed which falls under
the internal category of the building construction. In order to attain the organizational objectives
and the goals, adequate tasks which are involved in the internal stage of the building construction
will be performed. Certain tasks which are involved in the internal stage of building construction
are plastering of walls, flooring, painting, sanitary fittings, etc. (New South Wales Government,
2014).
Project inspection: After completion of the construction process, an assessment is being
conducted in order to analyse the effectiveness of the building. The real image of the building
will be compared with the imaginary picture of the building and this will help the organization to

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review the results as well as the adaptation of certain methods will be performed in order to
remove the mistakes found in the evaluation task.
Handover: Removal of mistakes found in the final stage of construction will help the
organization to gain adequate knowledge in regards to the client’s expectations in relevance with
the building. After performing all the tasks, keys of building are handed over to the client and the
final payment from them is being collected (Nickson, 2013).

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2.4 Environmental Aspects
Table 5: Environmental Aspects
Process Environmental Aspect
Construction begins  Construction activities must be done in
order to fulfil the environmental needs
 Reviewing environmental conditions
before commencing construction
 Blueprint of the project needs to be
transparent and should be relevance
with the environmental aspect.
 Purpose of building must be clear
because registration of residential
building and using the same for
commercial purpose will be unethical
and hazardous for society
 While planning the construction, land
must be tested adequately with
advanced measures because small
carelessness could result in heavy
losses.
Structure Framing  While building the structure of the
building, appropriate measures should
be adopted so that building could be
developed in strong and in efficient
manner.
 In relevance with the environmental
conditions, construction process does
not leads to over-utilisation of available
natural resources

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 Waste generated from the construction
process needs to be properly disposed
so that environmental conditions does
not get affected.
 Ground level water is being used in
most of big construction projects hence;
adequate measures need to be adopted
to reduce the over-utilisation of the
ground level water (Oakland, 2014).
 While constructing the base of the
building, machinery and the human
power must be used in appropriate
manner to reduce the pollution
emission from machinery used for the
construction.
2.5 Environmental Impacts
Table 6: Environmental Impacts
Process Environmental Impacts
Construction begins  Ground water level reduces
 Land’s quality will be degraded
 Emission of pollution from machinery
being used in the process of
construction
 Deforestation
 Generation of solid waste
Structure framing  Emission of pollution from the
disposition of solid waste generated
from construction process

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 Air will be polluted due to usage of
machinery in the construction process
 Noise pollution
 Wastage of natural resources
 Wastage of water will be more in the
construction of building

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2.6 Environmental Objectives
Table 7: Environmental Objectives
Environmental Aspects Objectives
 Construction activities Performing ethical activities will help in
reducing the generation of waste
 Environmental conditions Deforestation must be avoided for developing
buildings
 Transparent picture of the project while
taking authority
It will help the organization to develop
authorised, safe and secure building for its
clients
 Ethical use of building For the purpose registration of building has
been doe, for the same purpose, building
should be used
 Quality of land Evaluation of land’s quality helps the
construction company to analyse the life of the
building
 Measures used to construct the building To maintain the goodwill, appropriate
measures should be used in relevance with
making strong and effective building
 Over-utilisation of natural resources Natural resources are non-renewable resource
hence; regulation needs to be imposed on its
excessive usage.
 Disposition of solid waste Performing this function in inappropriate
manner can leads to land, air as well as land
pollution. Hence, these functions should be
appropriately performed.
 Over-usage of ground water Scarcity of ground water leads to reduction of
drinking water
 Emission of hazardous waste To reduce this type of pollution, construction

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companies needs to use manual power instead
of machinery.

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2.7 Environmental Targets
Table 8: Environmental Targets
Environmental Objectives Environmental Targets
 Performing ethical activities will help
in reducing the generation of waste
80% reduction in waste is expected and after
reaching to this target, target will be raised to
the 100% reduction in waste.
 Deforestation must be avoided for
developing buildings
At least 60% area should be left for the
environment (Palanivel, Saravanavel &
Gunasekaran, 2015).
 It will help the organization to develop
authorised, safe and secure building for
its clients
This should be followed very strictly in order
to save the land’s fertility.
 For the purpose registration of building
has been done, for the same purpose,
building should be used
Miss-utilization of the land could impact over
the environmental conditions.
 Evaluation of land’s quality helps the
construction company to analyse the
life of the building
It will save the human lives because
construction on inferior quality land may affect
the building and it will affect the people living
inside the building
 To maintain the goodwill, appropriate
measures should be used in relevance
with making strong and effective
building
This is implemented to reduce the human life
hazards.
 Natural resources are non-renewable
resource hence; regulation needs to be
imposed on its excessive usage.
Reduction in the natural resources will affect
the human life in negative manner.
 Performing this function in
inappropriate manner can leads to air as
well as land pollution. Hence, these
Land pollution or air pollution will impact over
the environmental conditions and hence, the
functions which are non-adequate in terms of

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functions should be appropriately
performed.
environment should be ignored (Panduro &
Veie, 2013).
 Scarcity of ground water leads to
reduction of drinking water
Reduction in the ground water will create
negative impact over the human life and due to
this human death could be increased hence;
appropriate control measures should be
adopted for using the ground level water.
 To reduce this type of pollution,
construction companies needs to use
manual power instead of machinery.
Performing the construction work manually
will save the environment as machinery
extracts hazardous pollution factors.

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2.8 Environmental Actions
Table 9: Environmental Actions
Environmental Targets Actions
Minimum 80% controllable waste should be
the target.
 Adopting adequate control measures for
construction process
 Separate department needs to develop
who can take care for the utilization of
these valuable and non-renewable
natural resources.
At least 60% area should be left for the
environment.
 Promoting campaigns in relation to
save the environment.
 Spreading awareness through
counselling sessions to plant more
trees.
Save land’s fertility  Appropriate awareness programs must
be followed because non-fertile land
will not be able to fulfil the country’s
requirements (Papp, 2014).
 Promoting the methods through which
fertility of the land could be enhanced.
Stoppage of miss-utilization of land  Legal actions must be taken in order to
save the miss-utilization of land.
 Complaint could also be filed with the
government.
Quality of land  Analysis should be conducted in terms
of the quality of the land.
 Legal considerations should be adopted
for approval of the land’s quality
Using superior quality materials  Authorization certificate should be

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taken before commencing the
constriction work.
 Adequate test measures should be used
for analysing the superiority of the
materials used.
Prevention of natural resources  Control measures should be imposed by
the government on using the natural
resources.
 Adequate permission should be taken
from the government for enhancing the
prevention of natural resources.
Reduction in the land and air pollution  Imposition of legal rules in
consideration to the non-utilisation of
machinery and other polluted
techniques
 Restriction on disposing of non-
biodegradable wastes.
Saving of ground water  Spreading awareness in the public in
relation with the importance of ground
water.
 Promotional campaigns must be used
by the government in order to promote
the limited usage of ground water.
Using machinery for construction purposes  Imposition of the rules in terms of
limited usage of machinery for
construction purpose.
 Promoting the manual work over
machinery work.

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2.9 Monitoring and measuring methods
After analysing various environmental impacts due to construction process, controlling and
measuring methods needs to adopt in order to remove their negative impacts over the
environmental conditions. Following are some of the curricula methods discussed in order to
reduce the impact over the environment:
 Internal and External auditing: These are the crucial elements and needs to be
implemented in terms of analysing the efficiency of the construction processes over the
environment and this should be practised on regular intervals. Auditors need to determine
the environmental aspects within the workplace and the processes performed by the
company and the employees towards prevention of those environmental aspects (Paul,
Peterson & Chavdarian, 2014).
 Installing air monitors: Internal and external methods should be conducted for
evaluating the air pollution done with the construction company’s efforts. Appropriate air
monitors needs to be installed and those needs to check at the regular interval of time in
order to adaptation of the controlling measures in terms of air pollution.
 Water disposal facilities’ feedbacks: Adequate amount of collaboration must be
performed by the construction companies in order to determine the environmental
impacts due to their waste disposals processes. Getting feedbacks from the team will
provide a clear picture to the ADCO Constructions Corporation in order to control their
waste disposals programs (Paustenbach, 2015).
 Disposing of Solid waste in dumping yards: Solid waste generated from the
construction process needs to be dumped and disposed with adequate qualitative
measures so that environment does not get affected much. Apart from this, identification
must be done in the form of disposition of waste because some waste could be used to
generate energy resources.
 Using solar energy: Solar energy should be replaced with the fuel operating
machineries. This will enhance the productivity as well as it will leads to the saving
environment (Pegasus Print Group, 2014).


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Task 3 Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS): UTS
3.1 Requirements in terms of legislation
Following are the legislations which have a great impact over the health and safety management
of the workers in relevance with the Petal Limited:
Work Health and Safety Act (2011)
This act defines the safety and the health issue requirements of the workers of Petal Limited in
the workplace. Under this act, organization needs to build an effective workplace for making the
employees feel safe and secure. And this leads to the enhancement in the performance of the
organization. As Petal Limited is involved in the manufacturing of household chemical’s goods
which are used for the purpose of cleaning thus, adequate training and safety measures should be
adopted by the organization so that workers could not get harmed themselves while performing
the tasks given by their superiors. Under this act, wellbeing duties of the organization must be
fulfilled in terms of the safety and security of the workers. High level management are
responsible persons for adopting and improving the work health and safety measures within the
workplace (Peltier, 2013).

Operations Management 31
3.2 Threat Identification
In accordance with the AS 4801:2001, following are the risks which could be faced by a business
corporation; further the business corporation is responsible for adaptation of adequate measures
in relevance with the Work Health and Safety Management System.
 Biological Hazards: These types of hazards could occur due to wrong utilisation of the
chemical resources within the organizational workplace. Wrong usage of the chemicals
for the production of household cleaning products could promote the biological hazards
as those chemicals will be disposed in the land (Potts & Ankrah, 2014).
 Chemical Hazards: Petal Limited is involved in the production of household chemical
goods and these chemicals used could leads to the occurrence of chemical hazards if they
are not used in an adequate manner.
 Radiation Hazards: There are some processes within the workplace which requires the
usage of radioactive rays and it can affect the workforce of the organization and it can
leads to the productivity of the organization.
 Mechanical Hazards: Inappropriate usage of the machineries within the workplace
without adequate knowledge of using the machinery would leads to the mechanical
hazards.
 Electrical Hazards: The risks which generate due to short circuit and due to other faults
of workers, electrical hazards could be occurred (Riley, 2014).
 Transferable diseases: Organization needs to make some policies in relation with the
infected employees of the workplace. Those workers and the employees should be given
leaves or rest for certain period of time so that rest workers of the organization could not
get affected from the diseases suffered by the particular number of workers.
 Fire Hazard: Due to chemical used in the manufacturing of finished goods, fire could be
occurred in terms of the inappropriate usage of the chemicals or usage of chemicals
without adequate information (Part, 2013).
 Accidents: Uncertainties could be occurred within the workplace due to various reasons
such as slips and falls within the workplace could leads to the severe injuries to the
workers. Diseases could be caused due to airborne issues.

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 Ergonomic Hazards: These are the type of hazards which occur due to without
appropriate knowledge in terms of handling, pushing, pulling, etc. heavy items within the
workplace and this may hurt the worker.

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3.3 Hazard assessment chart
Table 10: Risk Assessment
Risk Occurrence Probability Severity
Chemical High Likely Dangerous
Biological High Occasional Adequate
Mechanical High Likely Adequate
Radiation Extreme Occasional Adequate
Electrical High Likely Adequate
Fire High Likely Dangerous
Diseases of workers High Occasional Dangerous
Accidents Reasonable Likely Adequate
Ergonomic High Likely Adequate

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3.4 Hazard Mitigation
Biological
 Committee in relation with the biosafety practices could be adopted;
 Adequate safety measures needs to adopt to avoid any kind of losses from these types of
hazards (Salazar, et. al., 2017).
Chemical
 Adequate training measures should be adopted;
 Personal protective equipment needs to be implemented for improving the safety and
security system management.
Electrical
 Safety measures such as emergency alarm system rings in terms of electrical hazards;
 The electrical pots should be out of reach to the workers.
Mechanical
 Implementation of safety measures;
 Adaptation of personal protective measures (Scholz, et. al., 2013).
Radiation
 These processes should be completed with adequate safety measures and within
particular period of time;
 Appropriate safety systems such as machineries should be used in terms of the prevention
from radiation hazards.
Fire
 Safety alarm should be fitted which could indicate the safety and security team in
circumstances of fire occurred;
 Sprinkle system should be adopted (Smith, 2013).

Operations Management 35
Diseases
 Adequate support needs to be provided to the workers;
 Proper medication should be making available to them (Westpac Group, 2014).
Accidents
 Dust mask should be adopted;
 Warning signs must be used (Sousa, Almeida & Dias, 2014).
Ergonomic
 Adequate training and counselling sessions;
 Proper assistance in relation to deal with these hazards should be adopted (Walker, 2015).

Operations Management 36
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