Operational Management: Techniques and Importance in Organizing Work

Operational management
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
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INTRODUCTION
Operational management refers to planning of operations in such a way that it enable in
achieving of goals and objectives (Glende, Wolter and Komarnicki 2018). It is process of
planning, organizing, controlling, etc. of activities and tasks in context to production, provision
of services. It is important for organization to do proper planning of operations so that goals are
effectively attained. The operations varies within company and it depends on their size and type
of products being produced. The overall process helps in converting of raw materials into useful
outcomes in efficient manner. Moreover, there are different types of operation techniques in it
such as six sigma, lean, just in time, etc. which are applied by organizations.
This essay will lay emphasis on how operations scheduling techniques is used to organize
work, knowledge of layout planning and importance of inventory management policies for
controlling production costs will be discussed.
MAIN BODY
Every company performs various types of operations which depend their size and scope.
The operations means to transform raw material or input into output (Hu, Sun and Ruan 2020).
For that it requires a proper planning that how to perform operations, what technique to be used,
etc. for manufacturing companies it is necessary to keep production on time and aligned with
market demand so that market need is fulfilled. It is also essential to do production in efficient
way so that resource wastage is not there. Besides that, cost incurred is low and right employees
are used for it. In addition, scheduling means to schedule overall operations from procurement
till delivery of goods in market. Thus, basically, it means preparing a plan. However, there are
different types of scheduling techniques which are available that is used by companies. For
example- first come first serve, earliest due date, short processing time, etc. H&M is a Swedish
MNC operating in retail sector and offering fast fashion clothes for men, women, children, etc. It
was founded by Erling person in 1947. There are total 5076 stores of company at global level.
H&M is second largest clothing retailer after Zara.
Scheduling is necessary in production model (Lopota, Tsyrkov and Tsyrkov 2017). This is
because there are many activities which is included in production. Also, it requires to control and
manage overall process so that timely delivery of products is done and resources are properly
utilized. Thus, it requires a detailed scheduling in which tasks as well as jobs are allocate over
time. It is because each machine can do one job at time and there are various parameters set by
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which it becomes easy to perform operations. Scheduling process is useful in estimating time
required to perform operations. The main thing is analysis of start and completion time, use of
resources, etc.
First come first serve- this is a type of technique which is applied when single product is
produced. Basically, it is used when customer order product and is commonly used in companies
for singular products. However, having a variety of products then this technique is not useful.
Pros – it is simple and easy to understand as on basis of customer order the product is
manufactured (Meena, Yang and Zacharis 2019).
Cons – The process is time consuming as for different order to be delivered it takes a lot of time.
So, as H&M provide variety of clothing apparels so it becomes highly difficult for them to use
this technique in operation process.
Short processing time- As name depicts it is a technique in which products is produced wit
shortest processing time. It helps in producing more products within less time. Also, it takes less
time in it as machine are there to switch jobs.
Pros – The main strength is that it reduces average time for doing job in system. So, it maximize
jobs to be completed at first time and in any point. The material is taken out quickly.
Cons – Weakness is that short time push jobs that are long at back. It means that the overall
schedule is changed as short jobs are done first. It make it difficult to do long jobs. Sometimes,
jobs get stuck due to long processing time. The time is then added to lead time of complex parts.
In H&M this technique is useful as it will enable in delivering products in short time. There will
be no delay in fulfilling market demand. The staff will be able to perform their jobs in effective
way and attain goals and objectives.
Earliest due date- The technique refer to production being done on deadline. In this on basis of
deadline product is manufacture. Usually, business having singular product apply this schedule
process (Pereira, Pinho and Costa 2019).
Pros- the technique is helpful if sequence of due date differ from each other in significant way.
Cons – It require to find out due date of work and job so that earliest due date job is finished
first. But this consume a lot of time as staff figure out what to do next.
Operation due date – this technique figure out job that has to be start at process to make deadline.
Generally, it uses ERP system in which backward time of finished product is calculated. In this it
include processing, waiting, time, etc. and where product is processed. Then, sequence of every
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