Review and Critique of Operations Management Part 1 Project Life Cycle Part 2
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This report is divided into two parts. Part 1 is a business report on Costa coffee, discussing operations vs operations management, principles of operations management, and continuous improvement. Part 2 is a project portfolio on Midland, discussing project life cycle, project methodologies, and effectiveness of project life cycle.
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Review and Critique of Operations management Part 1 Project life cycle Part 2
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Table of Contents Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1 PART 1 BUSINESS REPORT........................................................................................................1 About company.........................................................................................................................1 Explanation of understanding towards operations vs operations management.................2 Review along with critique of using of principles of operations management....................2 Evaluation of extent to operations management of firm could fulfil requirement of company.....................................................................................................................................3 Understanding of continuous improvement along with description of lean principles......4 Continuousimprovementplanalongthroughrecommendationsforhaving improvement on basis of review of principles in company...................................................5 PART 2 PROJECT PORTFOLIO...................................................................................................8 Overview of project case study................................................................................................8 Explanation of stages of project life cycle which applies to project.....................................8 Analysis as well as evaluation of project methods as well as tools.....................................11 Review and critique of analysis of effectiveness of project life cycle in relation to project through theories as well as concepts......................................................................................12 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
INTRODUCTION Operation management basically explained to be a department of management cement that is concerned with controlling as well as designing method of productionas well as redesigning business practices in relation to manufacturing of product. Whereas project management is considered to be a method of carrying out work in a team for achieving out business objectives by fulfilling a success criterion in a particular time scale. There is a primary issue of project management is to achieve their project objectives within a specified period of time. As this report is based on review along with critique of Operation Management as well as project life cycle (Zhu, 2021). This report is based in two sections which is part 1 as well as part 2. As with that part 1 is based on a business report of operation management which is related to Costa coffee that is a coffee House chain along with a subsidiary of Coca-Cola as it could consist of overview of company, discussion towards understanding of operations vs operation management, review as well as critique of using of Operation Management principles, basis of extent towards operation management for company that could fulfil requirements, understanding of continuous improvementbyhavingadescriptionofleanprinciple,continuousimprovementplan formulation with having proper justified recommendations in order to improve bases critique of operation management. And part 2 is based on a project that is Midland which carries 1,250 employees on their site that has a construction project and it could consist of overview of project of case study, explanation of different stages of project life cycle that are applied in project, evaluation of different project methodologies along with tools, critique as well as review of evaluation of effectiveness of project life cycle in relation to project theories as well as concept along with its conclusion. MAIN BODY PART 1 BUSINESS REPORT About company. Costa coffee is a British coffee House chain and a subsidiary of Coca-Cola by having up headquarter in Dunstable, England. As company was founded in in 1971 in London by two brothers Bruno along with Sergio Costa as being a wholesale operation selling roasted coffee to get along with specialise in Italian coffee shops(Baah, Acquah and Ofori, 2021). As company is 1
having 2,121 restaurants along with over 6,000 cause the express wedding services with 1,280 outlet stores. Explanation of understanding towards operations vs operations management. Operations: Operations basically involves various activities that are required to create along with delivery companyās product alongwith facilities to their customers. It is basically referred to as a practical task along withdifferent elements that could involvepractical implementation of principles and process.Operations could carry throughdifferent activities of practices in relation to companies formeeting out their desired objectives and goals. Operations management: Operations management is primarily said to be an administration of business operations that are to be carried for creating out higher level of effectiveness which could be possible in company(Kirmizi and Kocaoglu, 2021). As it is basically associated with working out materials along with labour methods into finished product as well as services for maximizing profitability level of company. Operationmanagementbasically relatesto companyāsmanagementof inventory by having a proper supply chain. As for having an effective operation management professionals of operation in relation to company should be capable to carry out their work according to requirements. Review along with critique of using of principles of operations management. There are differentprinciples which are necessary inorderto have efficiencyin carrying out business practices in company. In relation to cost of variousoperation management practicesthat is followed by company are explained as follows: ļ·Principle of quality controlling:As thisoperation Management rule basicallyreferred to quality controlling that is important for their practices. It is essential to have a quality product that is to be manufactured(Arantes and Ferreira, 2021).As products which are produced with effectivequalitycould generate a negative impacton performance of company. In relation to Costa coffeecompany is carrying up quality control principle in their practices forproviding out quality served coffee along with food items to their customers for increasing out their satisfaction level. ļ·Principleofeducationandtrainingmanagement:Thisprincipleofoperation management is basically referred in terms of providing out training as well as improving 2
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out skills of employees. It states that it is essential for improving out performance along with direct employees so that effective outcomes could be increased in relation to performance(Vanhoucke and Coelho, 2021). As in relation to Costa coffee company is using principle of training and education in terms of providing out their employees effective training along with awareness about their job responsibilities that are to be performed by them. ļ·Principle of reality:As thisprinciple is associated through companieswhich could focus onresolving out issues by implementingdifferent techniques. As principal of reality basicallyfocus on challenges rather thanfocusing on tools as it believes that no tools as well as measures couldbe able to resolve universal challenge. In relation to Costa coffee company is using this principle in their management for identifying various issues that are present in company. ļ·Principle of success:As thisbasically handles in accomplishingout success along with every company that is basically carries a motive to have success specifically for achieving objective. In relation to Costa coffee company is adapting various principle of success in its management for achievingout their desired target within a specified period of time for increasing their profitability. Evaluationofextenttooperationsmanagementoffirmcouldfulfilrequirementof company. Operation management is said to be different strategies that could be implemented by companies for making out their marketplace productive(Oduro Asamoah, Offei-Nyako and Ampofo-Twumasi, 2021). Operation management basically benefits companies in their plan for having individual factor of business which could involve capacity planning, activity analysis alongwithqualityassuranceamongthemselves.Ithasbeenevaluatedthatoperation management of company generally associated in terms of fulfilling out the needs of company in an efficient manner. In relation to Costa coffee it has been evaluated thatcompanyās operation management shouldbe able to lead success in their business operations as they hold a direct flow of improving out theirperformance as well as financial bottom line. Managers of companyare said to be integral of theirworkplace strategy for providing out their business operations in order to have success. In relation to Costa coffee there are various effective operation manager with 3
good positively leads to have success around with meeting up requirements of company that are explained as follows: ļ·Work standardization:Operation management is advantages in terms of taking out method that are performed in terms of giving out a service or a product through document process for having a future reference. So it becomes easy for company to design up of method by which logical steps along with standardizing of their work could be process in order to have effectiveness. In relation to Costa coffee companyās operation management helps in enhancing their work along with making out effective logical solutions in relation to their work process for increasing out their effectiveness level in market. ļ·Planning:As operation management lead in professionals that takes in charge of elaborating out various managers along with executive that to determine how operational planning could be able to contribute for having long-term strategy of company(Dodson and Blinn, 2021). Basically involves various components in relation to determining objectivesalongwithpoliciesforhavinglogistic,budgetandsupportservice Management. In relation to costa coffee company is using this in their operation management for having planning so that as a result their logistic along with budget could be kept maintain in relation to service Management. ļ·Regular improvement:As operation managementcarries an essential function in terms of havingoutcompanyperformance.Asitiscarriedthatinternalsituationsand considering accurateindividual for performing out right job role. Operation management provides an identification of efficiency in relation to training out employee so that training could be provided for having enhancement in performance. In relation to Costa coffee company is providing continuous enhancement along with development in their business practices by providing out accurate job opportunities for their right candidates so that their performance of employees could be improved on constant basis. Understanding of continuous improvement along with description of lean principles. Leanprinciple are explained to be a philosophyof regular development. As in addition it basically helps in reducing waste along with enhancing particular method(Goetz, Wald and Freisinger, 2021). Lean principle is better be concerned about generating as well as creating a culture that isconsidered to be one aspect that could respect all employees as well as it could enable them toperformout their chances for enhancing theirworking practices for sharing out 4
their ideas for having continuous development.Generally, it helps in improvingperformance of companies along with reduction in relation to process variation which could be helpful in decreasingdefectioninresources,enhancingprofitability,qualityofproductaswellas increasing employee morale. In relation to Costa coffee company is looking out various beverage management system in their workforce that could consist of effective manufacturing operations, has approved hazard analysis along with sanitation programs which could be helpful in terms of improving their business practice of company for achieving their goals. Lean principle are said to be generation of values to customers by different resources. Lean company like Costa coffee basically understands value of customers for providing an objective of focusing on their process in order to improve their value of quality. In relation to Costa coffee company is using this principle in their operation management practices for enhancing their performance along with company. As they basically takeorder of customers and when order is beingdelivered on correct time forhaving effectiveness(Wang, Skeete and Owusu, 2021). Lean principles are said to be more beneficial for Costa coffee as these techniques of Operation Management could be beneficial for company in order to improve their quality services so as a result it could be beneficial in terms of increasing satisfaction level of customers towards company so it could be benefit for them to maintain their position in corporate market. Continuous improvement plan along through recommendations for having improvement on basis of review of principles in company. Continuous improvement plan is determined to be a combination of several operationsthat are to be created for having a gradual continuous improvement in relation to their product by having out constant reviews, measurement along with action. It is said to be a critical dimension ofmain quality framework as well as theorieswhich could consist of six sigma, ISO along with Balridge. In relation to Costa coffee it is necessary for company to check out that they are providing effectiveperformance in context of theirdelivery or producing out their beverages product. So therefore it is important for company in order to identify its improvement plan in their management for having profitability.As continuous enhancement plan which could be related to worldās Costa coffee are explained as follows: BasisCurrent methodologiesProposed methodologies CostCostacoffeeisbasically using principle of variance in Principle of variance could be implemented by costa coffee in 5
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their practices which is used to have cutting cost. Hence thisprincipleisavailedby company for improving their diversity and decreasing out their cost. their tools so that they could be helpful in terms of cutting up costwhichisoccurred production of beverages item (Magadza, 2021). As company couldusethistechnology advancement in their business practices like taking up orders online modes by implementing differenttechniquesintheir coffeemachinessothat customerwouldbeget satisfied. DeliveryPrincipleofreliabilityis effectivelyimplementedin relationtocompany providingoutamountof innovation on regular basis in theirservicesalongwith deliverymethod(Ahmad, Aibinu and Stephan, 2021). Principle of reliability could be usedinCostacoffeefor making out their orders to have a check that proper solutions could be provided for having certain problems in relation to deliverytowardscustomer whichcouldbesolve effectively. For this company isimplementingdifferent techniqueslikejustintime along with different techniques thatcouldhelpcompanyin delivering their product with an ease. Production along with innovation Costa coffee is taking up use ofvariousproduction techniques so that it could be Ascompanyshouldmake regular innovation in relation to their product for keeping out 6
able to have a proper supply along with delivery in their products for customers in an effective manner. their production and survival in marketplace in a longer term (Yang and Block, 2021). It is essentialforcompanyto produceaswellasgiveout productstotheircustomers according to their choice and taste for building up revenues for company. QualityCostacoffeeisbasically lackingineffectively implementing of principle of organisationintheir managementandwiththe resultitcouldaffecttheir interconnectivity of operation whichcoulddecreasetheir product quality(Allen, 2021). Costacoffeeshouldmake ensure that their operation is to beconsistentaswellas connected towards each other forhavingtheirplanned results.Ascompanyshould design effective changes as per tocustomertasteor preferencesbyprovidingout therequalitymanagementin relationtotheirprovided services of product for having effective delivery. As in order to make justified recommendations it is necessary for companies to have their continuous improvement plan so that they could be able to enhance their performance of the operation management and they could be able to generate profitability for them. As in relation to Costa coffee some of recommendations that could be provided to company on basis of review and critique for having continuous improvement are as follows: ļ·Company is recommendedto use effectiveoperationmanagementtipsfor having effective productivity in order to have profitable outcomes. 7
ļ·Project initiation stage:As this stage is said to be beginning stage of project life cycle that could be referred to as where a project has started. In this stage of project life cycle it could motive in terms of defining as well as project authorization(Samimi and Sydow, 2021). Project manager could be able to take provide information along with designing up project charter as well as it could consist of information that are likely to be project missions, objectives that are to be achieved in a particular criterion for having concerned stakeholders. In relation tomidlands project approx. 1,250employees are working on their site project which is related to managing their in-house project which would believe in giving out different development plans for their company. Asproject is giving out theoreticalon site house project which has variousroles which could involve off site staff members along with factory workers. ļ·Project planning stage:As said to be second stage which carries objective in terms of laying down with a detailed strategy of how project is being carried along with how to achieve out success. As it could involve strategic planning their whole approach for project is being formulatedalong with developed for having usage of planning design that could consist of methods of application of decisions which are made up of for performing out project effectively. In relation to midlands project process of construction along with techniques for identifying performance are to be implemented for constructing in-house project in their working practices that could help in terms of comparing out designing through scheduling out with cost. There are various areas through which it could require enhancement like risk, planning of sources along with various other elements that are to be performed. ļ·Project execution stage:As this is a stage of project life cycle basically involve activities for making a decision that are defined to be in planning which is being implemented. In executive phase project manager has to make for carrying out in that project along with work is being prevented by making out any mistake. It is basically defined for carrying out project that could be created for having success. In relation to Midland project for providing details along with information that are associated in relation to designing and planning of process with six pillar method that could be used(Wang, Zhao and Huchzermeier, 2021). Project also takes different responsibilities along with rose to various areas for working that are being allocated to different individual like business 9
Finance, community relation as well as agreement system managers for providing out as well as carrying out responsibilities that could be able to maintain for promoting out awareness withproduction of high quality predict for having asuccessful in house project. As with thisbeginning stage of projectisbeing assigned by a systematic usage of workthatisassociatedinhousingprojectlikeidentificationofrulesalongwith responsibilities of managers which are performed bya theoretical basis.It is in providing out design by Midland projectfor having functional needs. As it could help in providing a delivery model that could be able toperform as well as used withstructure managers which are being working for having key inputs. ļ·Project monitoring stage:As stagedeals in monitoring every task alongwith tasks that are to be carried in a planned manner which is decided to be performed. As this is stage and shows that all activities along with matrix are to be required for carrying as per guarantee with a grade approved project that are to be performed within a scope. In relation to midlands project every information along with data is identified in an effective mannerso thateffectivedecision-makingcould be abletoprovide themreduced anticipated final cost with effective outcomes by ensuring cost funding envelope. ļ·Project closure stage:It is considered to be last stage that is referred to following up stage. As it could identify that project is being ready for carrying out along with various operations are to be consisted in a closed manner(Beecham, Clear, Lal and Noll, 2021). As for that project is formally being closed along with report is being produced for sponsoring overall level of project success. There are various reasons which are behind in relation to closing up any project. In relation to midlands project it was successful along with in its in house construction there was theoretical base which was being completed on construction ways by their employees. As work breakdown structure as well as Gantt chart for carrying up project is as follows: 10
Analysis as well as evaluation of project methods as well as tools. As project Midland is a home site in house construction project thatis carried by providing out 1,250 employees. As there is a focusis to decrease outmovementof employees from their premises by carrying out their lunch break which is recently created issues in their local areas by helping outtheir staff members to providea healthy and safe lifestyle. as project is taking up implementation of different methodologies along with techniques which could lead to have success of project that are explained as follows: ļ·Lean:As this methodology helps in promotingout for increasing customervalue along with decreasing out waste(Tokadlı, Dorneich and Matessa, 2021). It basically focuses on generating out more values for customers by using of various resources. In relation to 11
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midlands project they are implementing this methodology for providing customers for their home site theoretical base in order to perform their construction and operational effectively. ļ·Scrum:As this management tool of project is involving in various values in relation to commitment, respect as well as courage. As its motive is to design, deliver along with sustained with various product by having a collaboration of iterative accountability method. In relation to midlands project this tool of project management could be used in order to give out employees along with their staff members from moving out from their lunchtime as well as developing a sense of coordination for performing out project with success. ļ·Waterfall:As this methodology is said to be traditional project methodology that is linear sequential design measurewhich is used for carrying a progresswhich carries from downwards(Nowak and Trzaskalik, 2021). It forms in origin for taking in relation to manufacturing along with taking up construction industries by providing flexibility in relation to design changes for development process. In relation to midlands project this methodology is being implemented for design planning in order to perform out different operations by which various individuals in an effective way could be able to achieve their goals in an accomplished way. Review and critique of analysis of effectiveness of project life cycle in relation to project through theories as well as concepts. As in order to have review along with critique order to carry out effectiveness of project life cycle various strategies along with models are to be performed in project. As this is an in-house theoretical project which is been developed in companies for ensuring up competitive advantage for them(Zarghami and Dumrak, 2021). In relation to midlands project they areimplementing various strategies as well as theories for their project. As this concept benefits them in determining potential along with capabilities which could change them on regular basis in terms of giving out benefit for increasing their competitive edge for project. As there are different components that are included and associated with searching, choosing, configuring, deploying along with learning. As in relation to this project some of theories which could be implemented for having concept in project life cycle in order to perform outproject smoothly with high- performance are explained as follows: 12
ļ·Waterfall SDLC model:As this model is referred with project life cycle andit helps in evaluating concept of developingout methods thatis said to step by step method with idea of evaluating, monitoringas well as controlling out usage that are being carried by project(Sarkar and Singh, 2021). As this model is basically used by small scale project. In relation to Midland project it helps in determining various stages as well as strategies that are to be used for having implementation according to their project. ļ·Spiral SDLC model:As this model deals in defining out accumulation of waterfall along with iterative model. As project life cycle is basically applied with this model in their project before providing up with next step which carries a benefit in identifying their right time for performing out next step. In relation to Midland project this helps in identifying various stages of project life cycle by analysing their correct time for caring up other stage. CONCLUSION It could be concluded from above report that operations as well as project management are said to be an important element of every businessthat is needed to be carried in an effective manner for maintaining effectiveness of company along with projects in market. As this report carries a brief explanation of operations as well as project management that is taken as an operation management of a company that consist of different elements which identifies their operation management principles along with continuous improvement as a term of philosophy with them in principle. Also with that it could identify continuous improvement plan for achieving out performance of company along with improving them in order to achieve goals. And second section of project management this report explains about a construction project which determine their different strategies that could be used in order to carry out project with effectiveness around with various methodologies and tools that could be used in project for implementation of their construction work. At last this report carries out an evaluation of effectiveness of project life cycle which could be used by project in order to have effectiveness in order to achieve their desired goals within specified time. 13
Wang, Y., Skeete, J.P. and Owusu, G., 2021. Understanding the implications of artificial intelligence on field service operations: a case study of BT.Production Planning & Control, pp.1-17. Goetz, N., Wald, A. and Freisinger, E., 2021. A person-environment-fit-model for temporary organizations-Antecedents for temporary working settings.International Journal of Project Management.39(1). pp.1-9. Oduro Asamoah, R., Offei-Nyako, K. and Ampofo-Twumasi, K., 2021. Relative importance of triggersinfluencingcostcontingencydeterminationforbuildingcontracts-the perspective of quantity surveyors.International Journal of Construction Management, pp.1-9. Vanhoucke, M. and Coelho, J., 2021. An analysis of network and resource indicators for resource-constrained project scheduling problem instances.Computers & Operations Research.132. p.105260. Arantes, A. and Ferreira, L.M.D., 2021. A methodology for the development of delay mitigation measures in construction projects.Production Planning & Control.32(3). pp.228-241. Kirmizi, M. and Kocaoglu, B., 2021. The influencing factors of enterprise resource planning (ERP)readinessstageonenterpriseresourceplanningprojectsuccess:aproject managerās perspective.Kybernetes. Zhu, Q., 2021.Operationsresearch modelsofclimatechange mitigationand adaptation strategies at diverse scales(Doctoral dissertation). 15