Review and Critique of Operations Management and Project Life Cycle at TESCO

This report reviews and critiques the implementation of operations management principles within TESCO, including continuous improvement and Lean principles. It also discusses the project life cycle and provides recommendations for improvement. The report includes an introduction to TESCO, an explanation of operation vs operations management, an analysis of the extent to which the operations management of TESCO meets the requirements of the organization, and a continuous improvement plan.

ID
Unit Number and Title Unit 187 – Operations and Project Management
Title Review and Critique of Operations Management (Part 1)
Project Life Cycle (Part 2)
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Table of Content
Part 1: Business Report
1. An introduction to chosen organization p
2. An explanation of operation vs operations management p
3. A review and critique of the implementation of operations
management principles within the chosen organization p
4. An analysis of the extent to which the operations management of
the organization in the case study meets the requirements of the
organization p
5. Discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy and
describe the Lean principles p
6. A continuous improvement plan, including your justified
recommendations for improvement, based on your review and
critique of operations management principles within your
organization p
7. Conclusion p
References p
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1. An introduction to the chosen organization
Operational management is an area of management with the designing as
well as it controlling the process of production as well as redesigning business
operations in the production of services as well as goods. It is the part of the
business which are associated with the administration of business practices to
increase the efficacy of the organization. This is considered the planning, organizing
as well as overseeing of the procedure of the organization. These are useful for the
balance locale and cost to achieve the highest possible operation profit. Project
management is explained as the process of steering a project from the start through
its life cycle. The company is selected for this report is TESCO, it is a British
multinational grocery as well as general merchandise retailer in the UK. TESCO was
founded by Jack Cohen in 1919 as a group of the market in London. This report
includes the principle of operations management, lean principles, six sigma’s,
continuous improvements, project methodologies as well as a tool used for a
particular project with the proper findings & conclusion (Wan and Yu, 2021).
2. An explanation of operation vs operations management
Definition of operation:
Operations are the work of managing the inner working of the business and
assisting in running efficiently as possible. It plays an important role in the control as
well as supervising goods or services and workers or customers. This is the process
for taking corrective actions and some principles are used to perform within the
establishment (Wei and et. al., 2020). This process is generally working of some activity
in a proper manner which is associated with the operations methodologies.
Definition of operation management :
Operation management is explained as the end-to-end process of transferring
as well as storing supplies of the finished & unfinished goods. The operation
management is the center of the establishment and it oversees different functions of
the business, acting as a mechanism of control. This is act as a comprehensive and
connects all facets of the business. It develops HR to project management and
supply chain management to finance and facilities. It develops the responsibilities for
converting raw materials into proper goods and services in an effective & efficient
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manner. This is offered by the company which is associated with inventory control,
logistic management and more (de Castro and et. al., 2021).
Give examples of how they apply to the chosen organization
Operations and operations management is applied to TESCO I in the form of
the final delivery of the goods or services to the consumers by using various
principles of operations management. These are associated with time management,
total quality management, and some more. This management are assist in the card
services and commercial services for batter operations of its entire services and
product list.
3. A review and critique of the implementation of operations
management principles within the chosen organization
Operations management process applied to TESCO organization
There are some stages that are applied to TESCO by its operations
management in the establishment. The first stage includes the planning process
which explains the feasibility study. The second stage is used for preparing the entire
resources for execution within the organization for organizing it. The third step is to
consider the execution as well as the supervising process for the better execution of
the task. The last and fourth step is to consider for the assessment in order to make
required improvements for increasing the profitability.
Strength:
There are some different strengths of the business organization and these are
operations management principles. It is the process that is based on Taylor's theory
of Scientific Management. This is associated with science, not rule of thumb,
harmony, cooperation, not discord, and associated with the development of each
employee to their higher efficiency as well as prosperity. There are some more
operations that are applied in the TESCO in maintaining its operations strategically
(Yi, Jin and Wang, 2019).
Limitation:
The operation management has limitation also which are associated with the
production or service sector which mean that the operation's principle is only applied
in the production of products or services by the manufacturing industry. These
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cannot be applied in the industry where no production or new services are carried
out.
4. An analysis of the extent to which the operations management of
the organization in the case study meets the requirements of the
organization
Objectives of the organization
The objectives of TESCO are explained as the performance of the services
and goods in the cost decrements methodology which help the reduce the extra
expenses. The organization is invested in something productive which helps in the
growth of the organization. The organization can better assess the merit of its
activities and duties by evaluating them against the organization's objectives. These
assist the organization to increase productivity as well as increases the margin of
profit by decreasing the cost as well as increasing the quality of the spirituality.
Does the operations management meet the requirements if so, how? Give
examples
The operational management achieves the requirements of the TESCO by
giving the strategic principles of the operational management. The TESCO
employees are very potential the managing the operational flow from start to end.
The employees are assured that they keep the proper record of the material which
are supplied and customer purchases. These purchases are associated with a better
recording system and the principles of the operation that are applied to it (Suwal, N.
and et. al., 2020).
5. Discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy and
describe the Lean principles
Lean principles:
The lean allows the managers to discover inefficiencies in their organization
and deliver better value to customers. The principles are encourages creating better
flow in the work process and developing a continuous improvement culture. This
principle focused on decreasing the wastage of resources during the production of
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the goods as well as services of the establishment. This is used by TESCO and
these principles are explained below:
Value Defining: TESCO is aimed at the giving quality products to its customers
which assists in creating value for the all of the customers. This is to supply the
products according to the needs of the customers (Muhaimin and et. al., 2021).
Mapping of value stream: According to these principles, it develops the
understanding of the different points which are associated with boosting the value of
the business with the customers. About TESCO, it is targeting the factors which are
helpful in the development of the value and reduces the factors which are not helpful
for them.
Creating flow: According to the TESCO, it has the main aim on apply its resources,
labor and material in such manner that assist in achieving the desired targets as well
as objectives of the organization.
Pull establishment: TESCO is focused on the impressive management of the
human resources w3hich are associated with the production of the organization. It is
targeted at the inventory control effectively and ensures that the products and
services are supplied properly to the customers (Hussain, Khan and Mover, 2022).
Method of Lean production:
The kaizen is a Japanese term that means changes for the better and
continuous improvements. This is one of the Japanese business philosophies that
concerns the process which are associated with the continued increase operations
as well as it involves all of the workers. This is also considered as the building block
of all Lean production methods. This is mainly focused on eliminating the waste,
increasing productivity and attaining sustained continual increment in targeted
activities as well as the process of the establishment. Kanban is also a process of
the Lean production which is also associated with the elimination of the inventory
with the help of such modality to increase the operations (Leisten and et. al., 2019).
Which ones does chosen establishment apply to?
The kanban and time management are maximum used by the TESCO in the
management of their operations. These are effectively used as it gives the positive
result to the organization in the form of coincidental engineering and inventory
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control. These may result in the increase in the productivity of the establishment in
an effective way.
Apply six sigma and its effectiveness
These six sigmas can be explained as the accumulation of the different tools
for the continuous increment of the operations within the administration. These tools
consider the quality circle as one tool and these are associated with the
effectiveness of the six sigma. This includes the workers’ group which is associated
with the same tasks. Bench marketing is also a tool of the six sigma which is
explained the increment in positive comparison. The total quality management is a
tool of the six sigma which assists in the performance of the quality management of
the goods and services of the organization. Six sigma is also consider the supply
chain management which is associated with effective supply chain management in a
strategic manner (Brose and et. al., 2020).
The principles of six sigma:
Focus on customers: This plays an important role in the context of the TESCO and
this is considered as the firm requires the consumer focus and has the aim of
fulfilling client expectations.
Identify the root cause: According to the TESCO, this factor plays a very crucial
role and it requires to identifying the root cause of problems.
Reducing variations: In relation to the TESCO, they need to decrease the
variations so that the establishment is able to decrease the challenges as well as
fluctuations.
Teamwork: This is the key element that is associated with the manager of the
organization. This factor assists the organization in the achieving its objectives and
success.
Flexible approaches: TESCO is required to use flexible plans to attain objectives
and targets. This factor is very helpful to the changes in the establishment (Zhiyu,
2022).
6. A continuous improvement plan, including your justified
recommendations for improvement, based on your review and
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critique of operations management principles within your
organization
Apply continuous improvement plan:
There are different methods which are used for the continuous improvement
possibles in operation management like Kaizen as well as with the total quality
management. The supply chain management is associated with the planning of the
enterprise resources. The first stage of the plan is to assist in the identification of the
opportunities in the establishment. The second stage is assist in the small scale
organization and the third step is consider the data and the information which is
associated with the outcomes of the organization. The fourth stage is to consider
successful plan change on the small scale and assist on the large scale (Correa-Florez
and et. al., 2018).
Application of the theory
These theories are used by TESCO in effectively as well as efficient manner
which assists in the deliver improved and effective response. These are associated
with the continuous improvement of the business management. These are also
delivering the awareness and develop goals or objectives of the establishment. The
second plan may consider the mission of the establishment which deliver the
monitoring of the resources. The third step is to consider the effective mapping as
well as investigate the process to analyze the operation. The fourth step is related to
the performance of the organization which is associated with the purpose and aims
of the business operation (Bai and et. al., 2022).
Recommendation for improvements
It is recommended that TESCO must be apply these all theories and
principles of the operation management. These include the kanban management
and time management. There are kaizen and andon are associated with total quality
management as well as the supply chain management. These are managed by the
organization’s resource planning and quality circle. These factors are important for
the effective management and assist in the achieving the goals or objectives. The
inventory control and logistics management is helpful in the production management
and data management.
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7. Conclusion
From the above discussion, it has been concluded that there are various tools
and principles which are used in the increase the effectiveness of the business
organization. These are assist in the betterment of the business operations. This
report also includes the continuous improvement plan which help in the continued
improvement.
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References
Bai, S. and et. al., 2022. Design and Implementation of the Remote Operation and Maintenance
Platform for the Combine Harvester. Applied Sciences, 12(15), p.7637.
Brose, N. and et. al., 2020, March. Real-Time Dispatcher Training Simulation System for Future
Requirements of Grid Operation. In 2020 International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics,
Electrical and Power Engineering (REEPE) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Correa-Florez, C.A., and et. al., 2018. Stochastic operation of home energy management systems
including battery cycling. Applied energy, 225, pp.1205-1218.
de Castro, J.F.T. and et. al., 2021. Weight Assignment for Resource Sharing in the Context of a
Project and Operation Portfolio. Engineering Management Journal, pp.1-14.
Hussain, W., Khan, S. and Mover, A.H., 2022. Development of quality, environment, health, and
safety (QEHS) management system and its integration in operation and maintenance (O&M) of
onshore wind energy industries. Renewable Energy.
Leisten, C. and et. al., 2019, October. Setup and hardware-in-the-loop operation of an open control
research wind turbine on a system test bench. In IECON 2019-45th Annual Conference of the
IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Vol. 1, pp. 6457-6462). IEEE.
Muhaimin, A.M.M and et. al., 2021. Identification and analysis of factors affecting the future of bridge
design, construction, and operation. Journal of Management in Engineering, 37(5), p.04021049.
Suwal, N. and et. al., 2020. Optimisation of cascade reservoir operation considering environmental
flows for different environmental management classes. Renewable Energy, 158, pp.453-464.
Wan, L. and Yu, X., 2021, August. Research on the Operation and Management Mechanism of the
PPP Mode of the Smart City Construction Projects in the Era of Big Data. In International
Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management (pp. 399-412). Springer,
Cham.
Wei, Q. and et. al., 2020. Evaluation of operation and management of Luocheng small municipal
wastewater treatment plant. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 194, p. 04009). EDP Sciences.
Yi, Y., Jin, Z. and Wang, J., 2019. Analysis on the operation and management of marine ecological
civilization education with the help of self-media platform. Ccamlr Science, pp.179-187.
Zhiyu, S., 2022, February. Research on Efficient and Safe Operation of Substation Automation
System. In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Big Data and
Algorithms (EEBDA) (pp. 1003-1005). IEEE.
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Table of Content
Part 2: Project Portfolio
Project Title p
An overview of the case study you have been given p
An explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to your
selected project, including supporting documentation for each
stage (e.g., business case, the project plan, cost-benefit analysis
and work breakdown structure):
 Project initiation p
 Project planning p
 Project execution p
 Project closure p
Analysis of the project methodologies and tools used p
Review and critically evaluate the effectiveness of the PLC in
application to your project using the appropriate theories models
and concepts p
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Project Title
To analyze a project that aim on the supplying the healthy food to the workers
for cooking food in house. The aim of this project is to bring down the the movement
of the workers form the establishment in between the lunch timing. These are
presently make a congestion issues in the local area. These consider the
development healthy lifestyle and establishment belief (Van Garsse, 2019).
An overview of the case study you have been given
The case study is explain that there is no onsite supply at presently. As a
position on member of the project and program office, have responsibilities for the
change program for the establishment. As a part of the personal development plan,
the manager is asking this member for strategies as well as managing a theoretical
in projects. This will be assisted in the in the achieve a thorough development of the
understanding of the real term of the establishment. These are associated with the
business objectives in the identification of the particular development of the planning
and the objectives. This case is associated with the development of the projects that
are aims on supply the healthy food to the workers and cook food in the workplace
for the employees (Oliveira, Gardoni and Dalkir, 2019).
An explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to your
selected project, including supporting documentation for each
stage (e.g., business case, the project plan, cost-benefit analysis
and work breakdown structure):
 Project initiation
This is the first stage of the project management life cycle which is associated
with the project detail and includes the requirement of the business as well as the
scope of the projects and the aim of the organization. Furthermore, the role and
responsibilities are associated with the success measurement or with the budgets.
As per the given case study, the aims and objectives of the project are to supply the
installation of the catering services to the workers. These are assist the workers in
avoiding the move out within the lunch break times in the organization. This is
providing a safe and healthy meal to the workers. It assists the organization or social
responsibilities of the establishment and supplies satisfaction to the employees in the
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working environment of the organization. According to the budget, these are
including the initial budget for the few months is approx 18 Lakhs which include the
expenses in the transport, kitchen, license, human resources and other expenses.
These budgets are changed as per the requirements after seeing the resources and
catering material (Ozturk, 2020).
 Project planning
This is the second step of the project management life cycle which is
explained the details of preparation and the planning of the structure of the. The
project development as well as the planning of the resources are preceded by the
planning of the budgeting and planning of the procurement and management of the
risk. According to the given case scenario, the breakdown structure of the is
considered the setting up of the resource. These are essential for project
management to attain complete human resources. These are supplying the raw
material which is the responsibility of the suppliers and also responsible for the
communication planning of the idea implementation (Peabody, 2020).
 Project execution
This is the third step of the project management life cycle which includes the
details of the short-lived documentation of the business. It also includes the supplier
contracts, equipment and the workers which are associated with stakeholders of the
project, and the post-execution review. According to the careful study, this includes
the process of the documentation which includes the changes that are necessary for
the delivery of the projects. The measurement of the performance includes the
corrections of the errors on a direct basis with the update in the project management
process (Frangopol, Yang and Han, 2020).
 Project closure
This is the fourth step of the project management life cycle which is explaining
the details of the documentation of the business and suppliers’ contract cancellation
and recruiting the employees and equipment. These supply the information of the
investors as well as their contacts and information of the all people which are
associated with the project management. According to the given case study, this
consider the conclusion as well as the closure by informing all those which involved
in the projects such as raw material suppliers as well as other stakeholders so that
post implementation review can be initiated for the better maintenance of the
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projects. These are needed as per the projects for time to time for the betterment of
the succession of the projects (Rossi, 2020).
Analysis of the project methodologies and tools used
Agile Methodologies
This can be explained as the tactic to the management of the project which is
insistent in nature. These have the main focused on the continuous release and take
the consumer feedback with the every repetition of the projects. These are
associated with the regular communication with the investors of the projects and
concerning continuous development of the projects. These are considering some
pros as well as cons which are associated with the current project (Kyivska, 2021).
These are explained as below:
Pros:
The most common advantage of the agile methodologies is providing the
satisfaction to the customers. These are explaining the method which are associated
with the interaction technique which assist in interrelate with the consumers on a
daily basis. These are support in the in the increasing the satisfaction of the clients
and decrease in the bugs. The customer is requiring the accurate development of
the projects. The another advantage of agile methodologies is the continuous
development. This is explained as the each stage of the project development is
revised by the customer which are associated with the improvement and the
modifications. These are the outcomes for the continuous development of the
projects because of the regular loop of the each stage of the process of project life
cycle. The advantage of the agile methodologies is the better interaction which refers
to the proper communication flow in between the all investors on the projects. These
are considering the development of the responsibilities and internal investors which
are employees and employers as well as the external investors which are suppliers
and consumers (Grange, 2018). This is also including the benefit of the fast and
frequent delivery of the agile methodologies which are explains the each phases of
the management of the project cycle which are assist in the fast and frequent
delivery. These are decrease the chances of the error with respect of the direct
rectification. Regular modification is also the advantage of the agile methodology
which is refers to the modification and enhancement with respect to the demand of
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the consumers which assist in the project. These are continued with the
amendments in the continuous basis. This is also considering the advantages of the
better cooperation and these are referring as the proper coordination of the
customers which are associated with the development of the projects and the
cooperation method for effective completion as well as achievement of the projects
(Samson-Bręk and et. al., 2019).
Cons:
There are some manty challenges which are associated with the agile
methodologies. These includes the fewer useful for the small projects and these
refers to the each phases of the small scale projects which produce the problems in
the time consuming nature. The another challenges is the lack of documentation
which is refers to the correctness in the documentation process. The project
documentation is remains unfinished with the less correctness of the particular
content of the projects. These unfinished details in the documents because
stipulation of each phase as well as amendments are hard to remarks in the
documents. The another challenge is the costly process which are associated with
the expensiveness of the every phase. This process is become costly when it is
reviewed as well as changes are made as it requires the resources which are
consumed and it is proved that additional expenses are need for the organization
and the project management (Ahmed, 2018).
Review and critically evaluate the effectiveness of the PLC in
application to your project using the appropriate theories models
and concepts
The potential of the project life cycle application over the current application is
such that its design is most useful to the project life cycle. This means that all the
phases of the management of the project in form of confirmational also suits and
organized so it can be represented in front of the outer investors of the organization.
Reform communication have the another advantage of the project life cycle that
means program management level assist in the better conversation among all
independent which one is participating with their best collaboration and teamwork
among all of them (Kumari, Gupta and Deshwal, 2022).
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The guidance of the line manager of the task in care and feeding of the
forecast. Be of the service to pathway of the progression is also be classified among
the effectiveness if the project life cycle that means that means by ensuring barring
no one at the stage of the project life cycle, that helps in calculating the triumph of
the estimate in how much time so that can increase the quality of the projects. The
assisting in the project management is also the one more success of the project life
cycle that means it will be assisting in the productivity and a systemics working of the
project to the customization as well as rectifications of the errors which will supports
in association in tactical planning and completing the projects along with the
conveying as well as formation of the projects. These are assisted in the decreasing
the overall cost for the success of an effective project life cycle. this means every
steps of the task management is in charge of the cost supple study that described
the appropriateness of the wealth as well as the over all projects (Bondarenko and et. al.,
2021).
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it has been concluded that the operation and the
project management play a crucial role in the development of the organization. Every
organization needs to introduce new and innovative ideas to the customers. These
need deep theoretical as well as practical knowledge of management. This also
requires the lean principle and proper knowledge of the six sigmas. This report also
considers the life cycle of the project management and the identification of the
principle of project management. The operation management is assured that all
operations of the business are going in desires desired direction.
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References
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