BTEC HNC Business: Management & Operations - Leader and Manager

This report explores the roles of leaders and managers in operations management, particularly within the context of Marks and Spencer's Ltd. It defines and differentiates between leaders and managers, highlighting their distinct roles, characteristics, and functions within an organization. The report covers key management functions such as planning, organizing, controlling, and directing, and discusses various management theories and leadership models, including contemporary, behavioral, contingency, and system leadership theories. It also contrasts hard management skills with soft leadership skills, emphasizing the importance of both for effective organizational performance. The analysis concludes that effective operations management relies on both strong leadership and management, with references provided to support the findings. Desklib provides similar solved assignments and past papers for students.

OPERATION MANAGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENT
• Introduction
• Definitions and differences of leader and manager
• Difference between the roles and characteristics of manager and leader
• Management Functions
• Different management theories and models of leadership
• Hard management skills and soft leadership skills
• Conclusion
• References

INTRODUCTION
• Operation management is the procedure related to the manufacturing of goods and transformation of
raw material into finished products in a very structured manner.
• This presentation has been equipped on the governance and business activity system of the Marks and
Spencer's Ltd. by concentrating on the role of manager and leader.
• Apart from this the study will also highlight the concept through various theories of management and
leadership approaches.

Definitions and differences of leader and manager
• Leader: A leader is a front man of their followers in order to
guide them to reach company aims and objectives. He leads
the whole organization to achieve success and convey
motivation among employees to bring the best outcome from
their workforce.
• Manager: A manager is an representative who track a unit of
people for certain peculiar work through designing work
structure and plan within the firm. The primary functions of a
administrator is to build plan of actions and applying them in
the commercial enterprise.

Difference between the roles and characteristics
of manager and leader
• It sounds like the roles of managers and leaders
are similar in nature but in practical terms it has
been identified that their functions are different
from each other within the organization.
• Managers are responsible to set mission, vision
and objectives of the organization and leaders
communicate the set vision, mission and
objectives with their employees.

CONTD.
• The functions and identification of leaders and managers are as follows:
Leaders Managers
 Leaders will concentrate on objectives which are
created by managers.
 They interact with the employees.
 Works within a team.
 Implement the ideas that are developed by managers.
 Highly focused towards employees.
 Major responsibility is to stimulate employees.
 Actuate individual for the execution betterment
 Can influence employees to provide best outcome.
 Managers create business objectives for the betterment
of the organization.
 Managers interact with the leaders.
 Gives instructions to the group.
 Invent the ideas.
 Extremely focused towards resources.
 Major function is to develop plans.
 Instruct their subordinates to perform better.
 Promote the leaders to propel the workers.

CONTD.
• In context of M&S, it has been evaluated that the organization has
flourishing managers and leaders to escort their employees as it is
one of the most prospering arrangement within the United Kingdom
in the field of retail industry.
• The managers of the firm develops enterprise schemes and
upcoming approaches within the Marks and Spencer whereas the
leaders apply those actions or plan according to the designed
structure.
• Leaders within the organization handle the employees in order to
increase their efficiency and productivity while the managers
improves the performance level among the employees.

Management Functions
Leaders perform various roles and managers are participating in
doing diversified roles in enterprise procedure Thus, the duty of
leader and functions of administrator are applied in assorted
functions are:
• Planning: It defines the primary discovered agenda for various
analysis of the firms goal gestured. The managers of M&S
acquire the arrangement of content and objectives to minify the
cost and increase the revenue.
• Organising: Arrangement of raw material and rootage are vital
to commute the substantial in best accomplished manner in the
company just like Marks and Spencer's. The role of leaders is to
organize the resources according to the planning and actuate
their worker to execute appropriately.
• Dominant: Another significant purpose of managers is
controlling as this ensures the execution quality of employees by
their managers and leaders within the Marks and Spencer's.

CONTD.
• Directing: Giving directions is the most important task for
leaders and managers of M&S while giving instructions to
their employees. The leader instruct and encourage teams in
such manner so that the project can be completed in fruitful
manner.

Different management theories and models of
leadership
There are various management and leading activity theories
utilised by marks and Spencer's in their business operations.
• Contemporary theory: M&S utilize contemporary theory of
management to handle with higher manufacturing costs in
recent situations. Managers tries to cut down the production
costs of underdone substantial by discussing with providers.
The leaders propel workers to header up with new suppliers
and highlight their execution results.
• Behavioural theory of administration: Transitional leadership
is the style that has been followed by the leaders in behavioural
theory of direction. M&S put this theory into their operational
management and leaders observed the abilities and talents of
their employees side by side.

CONTD.
• Contingency theory: This strategy focuses on
schemes with the alteration in conditions. The M&S
uses the explanation to minimize the risk and under
such situation leaders plays vital role to make
alterations and help their workforce to cope up with
marketplace conditions.
• Scheme leadership: It is utilized by the leaders of
M&S to guide the employees performances and
connection in different situations. It determinant the
employees to work according to the organizational
demand.

Hard management skills and soft leadership
skills
• Hard management skills consists of certain parameters such as environment functional knowledge,
company structure knowledge, Planning cognition, customer knowledge and performance
measurement.
• While the soft leadership skills consists of parameters such as Learning ability, self awareness,
resiliency, emotional intelligence, building relations at diversified levels, political apprehension,
motivating and engaging others, leading effective teams, creating a culture of trust and respect along
with effective communicable atmosphere.

CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that the role that operations management play in daily
activities of the organization starts from production process till delivery procedure. The leaders and
managers of the firm follow variety of principles and approaches to enhance the efficiency of
operations management to increase effectiveness and efficiency of the establishment.

REFERENCES
• Obholzer, A., 2018. The leader, the unconscious, and the management of the organisation. In The
systems psychodynamics of organizations (pp. 197-216). Routledge.
• Kark, R., Van Dijk, D. and Vashdi, D.R., 2018. Motivated or demotivated to be creative: The role of
self‐regulatory focus in transformational and transactional leadership processes. Applied
Psychology, 67(1). pp.186-224.