This document provides an overview of operations management principles and their implementation in organizations. It also includes a continuous improvement plan based on review and critique of operations management principles. Additionally, it discusses the MFI project and its business case.
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Operations & Project Management 1
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Contents INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3 PART 1.......................................................................................................................................................3 An introduction to organisation...............................................................................................................3 Description of operation Vs operations management..............................................................................3 The implementation of operations management principles within organisation......................................4 Analyzethe extent to which the operations management of organisationmeets requirements of that organisation.............................................................................................................................................5 Prepare a continuous improvement plan based on review and critique of operationsmanagement principles within organisation..................................................................................................................6 Continuous improvement principles make recommendations which could improve the operations function...................................................................................................................................................6 INTRODCUTION.......................................................................................................................................7 PART 2.......................................................................................................................................................7 Anoverviewof theMFI project..............................................................................................................7 Abusiness case........................................................................................................................................7 Stage of life cycle in relation totheMFI project...................................................................................10 Provide and analysis with theoretical and conceptual arguments...........................................................11 CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................12 REFRENCES............................................................................................................................................13 2
INTRODUCTION Operations management is considered as area of the management which is used by a company in order to conduct planning, designing, controlling and other factor for introducing or improving products, services and processes(de Vries, 2020). In order to conduct or develop an effective project a company need to adopt proper operations management practices which help them in attaining design goal as well as objectives successfully. Organization selected for respective research is Unilever which is introduced in 1929 and they are operating in the consumer goods industry. Its head office is located at the London, United Kingdom. Topics include in this project are related to information about the operations, company, operations managements and its principles. Moreover, it will also include plan of continuous improvement and principles that will help a firm in improving their operations functions. PART 1 An introduction to organisation. Organization taken in the respective project is Unilever which is a famous British Dutch Company that’s operates in consumers good industry. It is introduced by Willian Lever, Samuel Van Den Bergh, James Darcy Lever and Georg Schicht in 1929 as well as its head office is located at the Unilever House, London, United Kingdom. Business of respective company is nested all around the world and they offer wide range of products of beauty and personal care, cleaning products, food and refreshment and many more. They own more than 400 brands which are available around the world i.e. Lux, Sunsilk, Dove, Lipton and many others. Description of operation Vs operations management Operations is determined as a decision or action which are created by members as well as participants of a company which impact on company’s several functions such as distribution, production, offering, management, coordination and many more. These all functions are directly or indirectly related with the assets and other resources that are required for accomplishing a project properly(Dhamijaand Bag, 2020). On the other hand operations management is determined as area of management that mainly concerned with the controlling and designing of the procedure which is related to the production as well as redesigning of business operations 3
and functions. In respect of Unilever by adopting this they able to manufacture as well as deliver products and services at worldwide level in effective manner according to the requirement and expectation of potential customers. Moreover proper conducting of operations and project management help respective company in attaining their desire goal as well as objectives successfully. The implementation of operations management principles within organisation. Operations management principles is considered as practices or process through which a company can conduct their operations and management in effective manner. There are several types of operations management principles which guide management of a firm so that they can attain their desire goal as well as objectives successfully(Hoefleand et. al., 2020). In respect of Unilever they also implement different operations management principles which them then in enhancing their work quality effectively. Below some of the operations management principles which are adopted by Unilever are mentioned below:- Six Sigma Define – In this stage manager of Unilever determine issues or objective that they are experiencing while performing their business operations and functions. In addition to this they also develop strategies and systems through which they resolve or attain their desire aim successfully. Measure – In this stage management of respective company identify the root cause of the issues which they are facing as well as they also determine importance to resolve that issues accordingly they will take steps. Moreover, at this stage they also provide training to employees so that they performed properly and their work not gets impacted. Analyze – In respective phase respective company will determine the root cause of the issues such as employee’s attention and productivity(Jungand et. al., 2020). By knowing issues they try to find out strategy through root cause can be resolved. Improve – At this stage of respective company they will determine strategies, process and ideas through which they can resolve issues properly for the attainment of desire goal as well as objectives properly and successfully. In addition to this if they find any error then management take quick action for resolving it at the initial stage. 4
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Control – This is the last stage of the respective operation management principle in which management of Unilever implements the strategy which they develop for resolving issues as well as they also train employees accordingly so that they perform their work properly as well as effectively for the attainment of desire goal. Lean Principles Define value – According to respective stage management of Unilever defined the value for their products and services which attract customers around the worldwide level. According to them their value is their products range as well as quality which they offer to customers. Map the value stream – In this stage manager and leader of respective company design system or framework that aid them in enhancing their staff productivity and increase sales of their products and service at the potential marketplace. Create flow – In respect of this stage management of respective firm determined hurdles andissueswhichtheygenerallyfacedwhileconductingbusinessoperationsand functions of manufacturing and selling goods. Establish pull – According to this management of Unilever conducted analysis that they have sufficient and appropriate resources or not(Karimiand Rahimi, 2020). This means their show be balance amount not too low and not too high. Through this they able to ensure that products are made up of proper and fresh materials. Pursuer perfection – In respective stage management of respective company determined that all of their business operations and functions are conducted properly as that will help them in attaining desire goal as well as objectives successfully. Moreover it will also help Unilever in offering quality products and services properly at the potential marketplace. Analyzethe extent to which the operations management of organisationmeets requirements of that organisation. By conducting analysis of above mentioned operations management principles it can be determined that it help in attaining their desire goal as well as objectives successfully(Kavadias and Ulrich, 2020). In addition to this, for respective principles management of respective company many adopt collaboration approach as that will help in developing effective relation as well as understanding each other perspectives in effective manner. This relationship will be 5
developed among the employees, employers, customers, stakeholders, clients and many more. In addition to this it also help respective company management in conducting their operations properly so that issues can be resolve properly and there must be attainment of desire goal. This will also help a company in improving their employee’s performance properly so that there must be less error or occurrence of issues in the business operations and functions of delivering quality consumers goods in effective manner. Prepare a continuous improvement plan based on review and critique of operationsmanagement principles within organisation. Continuous improvement plan is considered as plan or strategy that is generally adopted by a firm in order to enhance their functions and operations in regular manner. This is so because through it they able to ensure that their employee’s skills, abilities and knowledge get enhanced as well as their performance get increased which help in attaining desire goal as well as objective in effective manner(Lazea, Steinbergand Stoller, 2020). In respect of Unilever they are developing continuous improvement plan for improving their performance so that they can attain their desire goal by enhancing staffs performance. For conducting continuous improvement plan Unilever adopt PDAC model which is explained below:- PlanDoCheckAct Doanalysisof market Byimplementingthis Unilever Company will abletoanalysesneed andwantofVatican Citypeopleinbetter manner. In addition to this, with the assistance of this they will able to conduct modification as wellasimprovement withinprocedure, servicesaswellas products. In this stage, respective companywillableto developteamwith experiencedaswellas professionalwhodo analysisofrespective countrymarketwithin effective manner. Atthisstages administrationof Unileverwill manufacturedaily consumableproducts as per the requirement ofVaticanCity population.Bythis theywillbeableto attract more and more customersinbetter manner. 6
Develop strategiesfor aftersales services As per this stage it is important for respective organization to provide aftersalesservicesto their customers because it will assist in building relationwithpotential users as well as help in making them loyal part for lifetime. For this management of Unileverrequiredto design training as well as developmentprograms for employees because it will provide assistance to themwhileinteracting with customers in better manner. s With the assistance of this Unilever will able to resolve problem of theirexistingand potential customers as wellasstaffalso withinimpressand effectivemannerfor gainingbetter outcomes. Continuous improvement principles make recommendations which could improve the operations function. By conducting continuous improvement plan through PDCA model there are some recommendation which Unilever may adopt for improving their performance as well as that will also help in them in attaining desire goal as well as objective successfully(Nyström, 2020). In respectofthisrespectivecompanymayconducttraininganddevelopmentactivitiesfor employees because through it they able to enhanced their skills, abilities and knowledge that leads to attainment of desire goal as well as objectives successfully(Ochara, 2020). In addition to this, they also need to conduct analysis on regular basis so that they will identify issues as well as barriers or hurdles at the initial stage which help in conducting operations properly and attaining desire goal as well as objectives successfully. They also need to take regular feedbacks as well as suggestions from the customers and stakeholders as that will help in developing products and services according to the their requirement which leads to enhance in sales. INTRODCUTION For every firm it is essential to conduct proper practices related to the operations and project management because by it they able to conduct their work in effective as well as appropriate way that help in attaining desire goal(Oraith, 2020). This section of report is based 7
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on MFI is one of the well known furniture manufacturing and retailing company as well as they has more than the 250 stores around the United Kingdom and mainland Europe. This firm is experiencing some issues and for that they develop project plan which include several strategies or practices such as increase in sales, improve market value and enhance staff productivity. Respective part of the project will include information based on project life cycle and some other documents related to it like business case. PART 2 Anoverviewof theMFI project The respective part of the report is based on the MFI which is well known furniture manufacturing and selling company as well as they have approx 250 stores throughout the United Kingdom and mainland Europe. There are several issues faced by respective company such as decrease in sales, employee’s productivity and so on. so in order to overcome it their manageradoptseveraldifferentstrategiesasthatthathelpinenhancingsales, profitability, ,market value and employees performance successfully(Pascualand Smith, 2020). In respect of this they adopt different models and theories so that company management able to develop proper strategies as well as plan which help them in attaining desire goal and objectives successfully. Abusiness case A business case gets the thinking for beginning an undertaking or task. It is routinely presented in an inside and out sorted out formed record, yet may in like manner come as a short verbal understanding or introduction. In regard of MFI by creating business case they ready to create powerful arrangement of issue. Business case of particular organization is explained below:- Company OverviewMFI is furniture maker as well as retailer they are confronting issues identified with decrease in deals(Sabahiand Parast, 2020). So as to defeat it they create plan as indicated by which they need to build their business, performance and market value. Vision and MissionVision of organization is to become one the best furniture assembling 8
and retailing organization. Mission of MFI is to enhance its sales, market value as well as improver staff’s performance. ObjectiveObjectiveoffirmistoexpandsales,enhanceemployee’s performance and market value so that their business get grow by 30 percent in upcoming year. StrategyManager as well as leader of this organization needs to improve execution of workers with the goal that their deals and market esteem get expanded(Sanzand et. al., 2020). For this they can receive distinctive procedure as that will help in leading work in viable way, for example, preparing and improvement, inspiration plan, etc. BudgetFor accomplishing particular target MFI need to direct preparing and advancementprogramsjustastheylikewiseneedtoinspire representatives for whom they required approx 1279 pound. PlanSo as to improve the adequacy of the representatives with the goal that deals and market esteem get expanded. MFI can embrace various techniques,forexample,theycanleadpreparingtotheir representatives so they act appropriately with clients as that will help in expanding deals just as holding clients for long time. Besides they additionally need to rouse representatives with the goal that they center on increment deals which straightforwardly lead to increment in showcase esteem. Follow upIn order to direct development or checking individual organization will contrast past deals and the current deals record. Project Plan CostSo as to expand sales and market esteem MFI will create training strategies and advancement, for which they required approx 1279 pound. 9
CommunicationSoastodirectcommunicationaboutthegoalorpointthis organization can receive various strategies, for example, they can lead a typical gathering with the senior position or they can show the notification on the notification board(Sanzand et. al., 2020). This is so on the grounds that through it they ready to speak with staffs in compelling just as proper way. QualitySo as to keep up nature of administration the board must give preparing to representatives just as they likewise need to assess it on the particular time span. This will help in expanding deals just as market esteem ScopeThe extent of particular technique is that MFI ready to expand their sales just as market value. Notwithstanding this it will likewise help in improving execution of representatives in compelling way. Work breakdown structure A work-breakdown structure in project management as well as framework planning is a deliverable-arrangedbreakdownofanassignmentintosmallerparts.Aworkbreakdown structure is a key endeavor deliverable that forms the participation into reasonable territories (SherringhamandUnhelkar,2020).Byappropriationorcreatingsystemsthroughwork breakdown structure the executives of MFI ready to lead their work in little area which help in improving adequacy of the venture in compelling way. Gantt chart A Gantt chart is considering as bar graph which a researcher to outline the project plan for accomplishment of project successfully and effectively. It is developed by Henry Gantt in 10
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between the year 1910 to 1915(Wang, Liand Li, 2020). In today’s time gantt chart also help in predicting time of accomplishing project according to the activities or task of project. In addition to this, by developing respective chart MFI manager as well as leader able to do proper planning of the plans as well as strategies according to their predetermined goal as well as objective in proper given time duration. By implementing these strategies as well as plan MFI that is operating in furniture manufacturing as well as retailing industry, they able to enhance performance of their staffs which directly leads to the enhancement in sales as well as market value at the potential marketplace. In addition to this, respective company able to make customers loyal as well as they also able to generate high profit from the potential marketplace. Stage of life cycle in relation totheMFI project Project life cycle is determined as the systemic combination of stages which a project experiences through its introduction to its summary. The project life cycle is characterized and modify according to the need, requirement as well as operation of a company. In context of MFI, by implementing project life cycle their management able to attain its desire aim and objective of enhancing sales, market value along with increasing employees productivity in successfully and effectively manner(Yeganehand Zegordi, 2020). Explanation of different stages of life cycle in respect of respective furniture company is mentioned below:- Initiation – It is the first stage of the cycle in which MFI manager need to understand their desire goal, risk related to its procedure, dead line, effectiveness of conducting and many more. This is so because accordingly they will develop training and development program which enhance employee’s productivity by which sales as well as market value get enhanced. Planning – At respective stage management of respective firm will outline the practices or task which they need to accomplish according to the allotted time schedule. Inthis they will develop session of training according to time so that employees perform proper for the enhancing of sales as well as market value successfully and effectively(Zhao, Cui and Tian, 2020). 11
Execution – In this phase management of MFI need to implement the plan into action and after that they will monitor the effectiveness of performance and outcome. For this they will analyze the sales and footfall at the store which also help in knowing market value. Closure – It is the last stage of the cycle in which respective company wills analysis the outcome of the plan so that they will conduct modification according to the gap. Provide and analysis with theoretical and conceptual arguments By implementing project life cycle an organization ready to accomplish task as well as attain few advantages, for example, give structure to the task conveyance process, improve correspondence among the colleagues, guarantee progress, lead a compelling assessment of the venture just as likewise empower structure survey which support governance. In regard of MFI by implementing the project life cycle they ready to accomplish their target of improving representatives' performance which straightforwardly prompts improvement in sales just as market value. It is fundamental for them to improve these angles on the grounds that through it they can achieve their longing objective just as target in compelling just as fruitful way. What's more, for the usage of project life cycle in a powerful way organization the executives may receive various hypotheses, ideas, and models(Zhao, Cui and Tian, 2020). So as to this, the particular organization chiefs may adopt a autocratic leadership model or style as that will help them in directing powerful choices in an opportune way. This will likewise help in propelling workers which prompts improvement in their exhibitions just as it will additionally help in upgrading deals just as market an incentive at the expected commercial center. Then again, there is some restriction of this model, for example, it prompts strife among representatives which straightforwardly sway on their exhibition, deals, and consumer loyalty. Alongside this MFI can likewise receive an objective setting technique which helps the board in deciding its qualities and shortcoming as per which they can create systems just as plan for the improvement. There is additionally some impediment of objective setting model as per it prompts some circumstance where the executives feels like a disappointment which impacts on their just as workers inspiration level. So it is fundamental for the particular organization administrator to direct an examination all things considered, models, and speculations before applying it in their tasks. 12
CONCLUSION By conducting above mentioned points it can be summarized that for a company it is essential to conduct effective operations and its management because through that they able to attain their desire goal as well as objective successfully. In order to this a company can adopt different models, methods, principles as well as approaches such as six sigma, lean principles and many others. In addition to this, an organization must develop continuous improvement plan which will aid in enhancing workers productivity, increase sales and market value successfully. In this they also need to develop several other practices such as project life cycle, Gantt chart, work breakdown structure and many more. 13
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Wang, L., Li, J. and Li, C., 2020. Modeling Human Behaviors in Project Management: Insights fromtheLiteratureReview.InBehavioralOperationalResearch(pp.141-160). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Yeganeh, F.T. and Zegordi, S.H., 2020. A multi-objective optimization approach to project schedulingwithresiliencycriteriaunderuncertainactivityduration.Annalsof Operations Research.285(1-2). pp.161-196. Zhao, Y., Cui, N. and Tian, W., 2020. A two-stage approach for the critical chain project rescheduling.Annals of Operations Research.285(1). pp.67-95. 15