Operations and Project Management: A Case Study of Tesco

This report discusses the concepts of project management, operations management, and their application in Tesco. It includes a review and critique of the implementation of operations management principles, an analysis of the extent to which the operations management of the organization meets its requirements, and a discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy. The report also describes lean principles and six sigma's, and provides a continuous improvement plan with justified recommendations for improvement.

Operations and
Project management
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Table of Content
Part 1: Business Report
1. An introduction to chosen organization p
2. An explanation of operation vs operations management p
3. A review and critique of the implementation of operations management
principles within the chosen organization p
4. An analysis of the extent to which the operations management of the
organization in the case study meets the requirements of the organization
p
5. Discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy and describe the
Lean principles p
6. A continuous improvement plan, including your justified recommendations
for improvement, based on your review and critique of operations
management principles within your organization
p
7. Conclusion p
References p
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Introduction
The concept of project management is mainly an application of several
methods, processes, skills, experience as well as effective knowledge in order to
attain significant aims and objectives as per the project acceptance criteria within an
agreed parameter. It generally has final deliverables which are constrained to a finite
budget and timescale. Within this, the management regarding operations can be
effectively defined as the field of management that are associated with the activities
of controlling and designing the production of goods and services given by the
company. While talking about project management, the processes of both directing
and leading the team of undertaking to attain the shared task from beginning of the
project towards a final delivery of it (Onu and Mbohwa, 2018). Here, the chosen
organization for the project is Tesco which is a leading retailer within the United
Kingdom. The organization generally deals in general groceries and merchandise. It
was founded in the year 1919 by Jack Cohen. In addition to this, there is also a
discussion about operational management principles, lean principles, continuous
progression, the six sigma’s, project management lifecycle, the project
methodologies as well as the specific tools which are used for a project with effective
findings and conclusion as well.
1. An introduction to chosen organization
The organization here chosen for project is Tesco PLC, is one of the leading
international retailer supermarkets generally established in the year 1919 and are
headquartered in UK. The organization mainly deals with products and services like
electronics, home accessories, credit card as well as the financial services and so
on. Tesco is known as the third largest supermarket retailer within the world mainly
measured by its gross revenue and if it is measured by the revenue then the
organization is the at the ninth largest supermarket retailer across the nation. The
CEO of the organization is Ken Murphy whereas Jack Cohen is the founder of
Tesco. The organization generally involve various subsidiaries like Tesco mobile,
Tesco banks, Tesco Ireland and so on. The company has effectively gained levels
and positively expanded from 1939 and over the 100 stores within the country as
well as expanded across global since 1990s with involving its functions across 11
other countries in the nation.
2. An explanation of operation vs operations management
Operation: The meaning of operation is generally defined as the practical execution
of some of the procedures to take effective actions from such practical work or the
principles mainly used to perform some or the other undertaking within the company
or a person as well. Operation is generally the procedure of working or the
functioning of some specific actions or a project in a systematic pathway by using the
effective operation methodologies (Xie and Chen, 2022).
Operation management: In this, the management of operations may
be described as the control of practices which is carried out with inside
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the commercial enterprise so as to formulate
the finest stage of performance which may be feasible in an organization like Tesco.
It is worried and answerable for changing the raw materials
into items and offerings in a powerful manner. It is generally accountable for
the complete manufacturing of merchandise that is presented via way of means
of the organization which basically consists of the stock control, logistic control and
plenty of more.
Example of how these can apply to chosen organization: Operations and
operations control is carried out to Tesco with inside the shape of very
last transport of services and products to the clients via way of means of the use
of specific ideas of operations control along with simply in
time control, general excellent control and plenty of more. They additionally use with
inside the offerings of credit score card and financial offerings for higher operations
of its complete product and offerings portfolio.
3. A review and critique of the implementation of operations management
principles within the chosen organization
Operations management process applied in the chosen organization: There
are degrees that is implemented with the aid of using Tesco in its
operations control inside organisation together with first level used is the making
plans method which incorporates the feasibility study, 2d level utilized
by the organization is organizing and getting ready the whole sources for execution,
third level is the execution and supervising techniques for higher implementation of
the assignment and fourth level is the assessing which will made
necessary enhancements for better profitability.
Strength: There are diverse strengths of operations management standards and
their approaches as it helps the Taylor’s concept of Scientific Management that
incorporates the science, now no longer rule of thumb, harmony, now no
longer discord, cooperation, now no longer individualism and improvement of
every and every worker to their finest performance and prosperity. Moreover, flexible
specialization, lean production, mass customization, and agile production are every
other strength which facilitates the Tesco in retaining its operations more
deliberately.
Limitation: Operations control manner and standards has
its barriers additionally inclusive of it's far depending
on manufacturing or carrier region which approach that the standards of operations
can best be implemented at the manufacturing of services and products through the
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producing industries due to the improvement of latest product
or offerings noticeably want operations control. But it can't be implemented with
inside the prepared made enterprise wherein no manufacturing or no
new offerings are being carried out.
4. An analysis of the extent to which the operations management of the
organization in the case study meets the requirements of the organization
Organizational objectives:
Objectives of Tesco organization consists of the rendering of services and
products with inside the fee reduction method a good way to keep away
from any greater charges and make
investments the equal in something effective and which may be proper for
the boom of the organization. Another goal is the exceptional which makes use
of the entire exceptional management method in rendering their services and
products in a qualitative manner. Another goal is
the productiveness that's to boom the productiveness and income margins through d
ecreasing the fee and improving the exceptional of the beneficiaries.
Operations control meets the necessities of the Tesco organization via way of
means of presenting the standards of strategic operations control. Workforce of
Tesco is noticeably ability in dealing with the operations float from begin to end.
They guarantee that
they preserve the song of substances furnished and consumer buy with the assist of
better recording gadget and operations standards implemented for the same.
5. Discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy and describe the
Lean principles
Lean principles: These standards concentrated over a specialty of lowering the
wastage of sources for the duration of manufacturing of services and products in an
organization. This element makes a specialty of ideas that might be utilized by Tesco
and these standards are noted below:
Value defining: Tesco organization mainly specializes
in imparting quality merchandise to
its clients which allows in developing cost amongst clients. Tesco specializes
in imparting services and products in keeping with want of clients.
Mapping of value stream: This precept makes a speciality of expertise diverse points
and elements which enables in boosting the fee of commercial
enterprise amongst consumers. Tesco makes a speciality
of expertise approximately elements which can
be useful in developing fee and removing elements which aren't beneficial to them.
Creating flow: Tesco organization mainly specializes in using their resources,
material and labour in the sort of manner that
it facilitates in attaining favoured desires and objectives of organization.
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It might additionally assist in coping with the overall performance of employees
and growing their ability and information via way of means of supplying them
appropriate training.
Pull establishment: The principle mainly concentrates over an effective management
of the resources that can aid the Organization in the production. Tesco generally
concentrate on managing its inventory efficiently as well as ensuring that the
products given to the clients must possess the advanced quality.
Lean production methods: Kaizen is one of the approaches of
lean manufacturing which is a Japanese phrase this means that non-
stop development in productiveness of the organisation in phrases of methodical
and slow process. Just in time is every other approach of lean manufacturing which
states the time performance and time saving technique with inside the operations.
Kanban is likewise one of the approaches of
lean manufacturing which allows in disposing of the stock shortages with
the assist of a few visuals used to enhance the operations. Andon is likewise every
other approach of lean manufacturing which signals the in line if
any hassle happens in handling the functions.
Which one does chosen firm apply?
In this, the control and Kanban is especially used by TESCO in dealing with its
operations. They each have proved to be powerful in the usage of as they're giving
the high-quality consequences to the agency with inside the shape of simultaneous
engineering, inventory manipulate and lots of more. This
has accelerated the productiveness of the organization in
a powerful and green manner.
Six stigma and its effectiveness:
Six sigma may be described because the mixture of
various equipment for non-stop development of operations inside organization.
Such equipment consists of the great circle is one of the device and effectiveness of
six sigma’s who're a set or body of workers who plays equal or comparable tasks.
Bench marking is some other device and effectiveness of six sigma’s which states
the development on foundation of wonderful comparison. TQM is likewise one of
the device and effectiveness of six sigma’s which enables in rendering the
full great control to the goods and offerings of the firm. SCM is likewise some
other device and effectiveness of six sigma’s which helps with inside the control of
supply chain in a strategic manner. In addition to this, ERP is one of the device and
effectiveness of six sigma’s which plans the specified sources with inside
the enterprise (Carless and Boud, 2018).
Principles of six stigma’s are mentioned below:
Focus on customers: This is important for Tesco that they want to
be consumer targeted as they've a goal of enjoyable customers' expectations.
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Identifying root cause: This is
the maximum vital precept wherein Tesco want to discover the foundation purpose of
problem. So that they are able to locate the solution appropriately.
Reducing variations: It is vital for Tesco that they ought to decrease variations in
order that employer is capable of lessen the demanding situations and fluctuations.
Teamwork: One aspect that have to be saved in thoughts of supervisor is
teamwork that is the important thing detail for organisational achievement and
objectives.
Flexible approach: As an organization Tesco need to use bendy method in an effort
to accomplish desires and objectives. It is likewise very useful in an effort to be
given changes.
6. A continuous improvement plan, including your justified recommendations
for improvement, based on your review and critique of operations
management principles within your organization
Apply continuous improvement plan
There are numerous techniques that makes the non-
stop development viable in operations control like Kaizen and total first-rate control in
conjunction with the benchmarking and deliver chain control that is accompanied via
way of means of the company aid making plans and price engineering
and additionally the Kanban and Andon. Such gear desires the plan to implement
which states that first degree is the plan that identifies
a possibility and additionally the feasibility have a look
at for alternate inside organization. Second degree is do which states the
implementation of the plan however on a small scale of the project.
Third degree is test which makes use of the information or statistics for you to have a
look at the results of the alternate control and additionally examine and decide that
that whether or not it had made any distinction or not. Fourth degree is act which
states that if the alternate plan on small scale is a hit then the implementation might
be achieved at the wider or large scale in conjunction with the keeps assessing of
the consequences also are made. This is the manner that keeps development plan
implemented (Sob, 2020).
Effectiveness of continuous improvement plan
Explain how the theories are used that are applied.
Theories are implemented inside TESCO for non-stop development in a
scientific way through following a few particular or specific tactics which include first
is the commitment which follows the compelling recognition and shared desires this
means that that team is devoted toward every different together with the duties given
to them to complete through growing recognition approximately the activity. Second
is approach which follows the imaginative and prescient and project together
with deliverable this means that that methods are made as consistent
with the desires and goals of the organization through tracking all of
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the resources related to it. Third is procedure which follows the procedure mapping
and procedure evaluation this means that that integration of the procedure is carried
out through inspecting the complete technique of operations. Fourth is overall
performance which follows the overall performance measures
and control functions this means that that size is carried out as consistent
with the goal of the control and performances of the operations. Quality is not
unusual place in all of the degrees of non-stop development plan.
Relevance to the Organization
Tesco has won diverse advantages and benefits of the non-
stop development plan implementation which includes it's far resulted with inside
the improved first-rate of the product and offerings which can be supplied with the
aid of using the enterprise to their purchaser for lengthy term relationships with the
stakeholders of the firm. It has supported with inside the increment
of productiveness and performance with the aid of using saving the time and value in
conjunction with the energy. It has aided with inside the discount of waste which has
helped in saving the more charges of the enterprise. Moreover, it
has additionally assisted with inside the worker delight and teamwork in conjunction
with the purchaser delight as well (Gaffney, Ttofi and Farrington, 2019).
7. Recommendation
It is recommended that Tesco organization need
to additionally observe different strategies of operations control in conjunction
with the simply in time and Kanban control. Such as kaizen and Andon in conjunction
with the overall first-class control and deliver chain control that
is observed through the corporation aid making plans and first-class circles
and additionally the bench marking and cost engineering. This is due to the fact a lot
of these gear has its personal significance to enforce as they offer furnishing with
inside the results. Implementation of
such gear are important for powerful operations control inside company as enables
withinside the logistic control and stock control in conjunction
with the manufacturing control and facts control as well.
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References
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Table of Content
Part 2: Project Portfolio
Project Title p
An overview of the provided case study p
An explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to your selected project,
including supporting documentation for each stage (e.g., business case, the
project plan, cost-benefit analysis and work breakdown structure):
 Project initiation p
 Project planning p
 Project execution p
 Project closure p
Analysis of the project methodologies and tools used p
Review and critically evaluate the effectiveness of the PLC in application to
your project using the appropriate theories models and concepts
p
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Project Title
To expand an undertaking that specializes
in supplying wholesome meals to group of workers by cooking meals in-house.
Objectives of the undertaking are to lessen the motion of group of workers from the
premises in the course of the lunch ruin that's presently creating
congestion troubles with inside
the neighbourhood place and additionally to assist group of
workers to expand a wholesome life-style which the agency believes is a part
of their company social obligation and also will lessen group of
worker’s absenteeism.
An overview of the provided case study.
The provide case observe is all approximately that presently there's no onsite
catering. My function is a member of the Project and Programme
Office, that's answerable for delivering the extrude programme for the company.
As a part of the induction and non-public improvement plan, your new
line supervisor has requested me to devise and control a theoretical in-
residence undertaking. Two of the applicable commercial enterprise targets for
the contemporary economic yr. are to lowering the motion of group of workers from
the premises throughout the
lunch ruin that's presently growing congestion problems withinside
the nearby place and assisting group of workers to broaden a healthful life-
style which the company believes is a part of their CSR and
will additionally lessen group of worker’s absenteeism. Case is
all approximately developing an undertaking that specializes
in offering healthful meals to group of workers through cooking meals in-
residence for the group of workers. This is the complete case on which the
subsequent dialogue is based (Vesovic and et. al., 2022).
An explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to your selected project,
including supporting documentation for each stage (e.g., business case, the
project plan, cost-benefit analysis and work breakdown structure):
 Project initiation
Project initiation is generally the primary level of
the venture control lifestyles cycle which states and plan the info of
the venture together with enterprise wishes and key contributors and stakeholders at
the side of the scope of the venture and goals that is observed via way of means
of the general desires of the undertaking. Moreover, milestones and budgets at the
side of the jobs and duties and achievement measurements as well. As in step
with the given scenario, goals of the venture are to offer the power of
catering offerings to personnel in order that on the time of lunch
break, personnel avoid to transport out of the premises and feature their
meal inside employer most effective for higher protection and fitness of
the personnel. This is because, it helps the company social obligation of
the agency and worker pride with inside the agency surroundings as well. Scope of
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the venture is to make certain that the personnel stay retained with inside
the employer and corporation may not free any correct talents. Milestones of
the present day venture can be every level of lifestyles cycle where development is
being measures at the side of the upgrades and modifications.
 Project planning
Project making plans is mainly the second one level of
the mission control lifestyles cycle which states the information of scope making
plans and practise of the painting’s breakdown shape in conjunction
with the mission schedule improvement and aid making plans that is observed via
way of means of the price range making plans and procurement making
plans and additionally the chance control. Moreover, first-rate making
plans and communique making plans. As consistent with the given
scenario, paintings breakdown shape consists of the putting in place of
the sources that are require for the mission to get finished after which putting in
place of the human sources in conjunction with the education so they can deal
with the catering element with none difficulty (Stemmet, 2021).
 Project execution
Project execution is the third most degree of the venture management life cycle
that can states the info of project deliverables and overall
performance information together with the problem log and documentation updates
which is observed with the aid of using any adjustments to the documents. As in
keeping with the given scenario, this level is the
documentation technique level wherein any adjustments required in the transport of
the project is executed.
 Project closure
Project closure is generally the fourth degree of the challenge control life cycle
which states the info of passing the documentation to the enterprise and
cancelling dealer contracts alongside with the liberating group of
workers and gadget that is observed with the aid of using the informing stakeholders
of the closure of the challenge and put-up implementation review (Stigliani and
Elsbach, 2018).
Analysis of the project methodologies and tools used
Agile methodologies:
It is generally described because the technique to venture management that
is iterative in nature which objectives the non-stop releases and
attends client comments with each new release of the venture. Moreover, it involves
the ordinary conversation with the stakeholders of
the venture and each phase concerning non-stop development of the venture.
Benefit:
Customer pride is one of the gains of agile methodologies which states that
this technique has the generation approach which facilitates to have interaction with
the clients on an everyday foundation which helps with inside the most pride of
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the clients and discount in insects as well, mission is evolved as consistent
with the correct wishes and necessities of the clients. Continuous improvement is
every other gain of agile methodologies which states that every and each section of
the mission improvement is reviewed through the clients for adjustments and
improvement, this effects with inside the continuous improvement of
the mission because of the normal loop of each section of
the mission existence cycle process. Better interplay is likewise one of the gains of
agile methodologies which states that there may
be a right conversation flow amongst all of the stakeholders of
the mission who're worried with inside
the improvement of project both inner stakeholders together with personnel and
employers and outside stakeholders together with clients and suppliers (Jabbour,
2021).
Disadvantages:
Lack in documentation is an any other undertaking of agile methodologies that
can states that this technique generally hampers the accuracy in
documentation manner, documentation of the task stays incomplete with much
less accuracy with inside the content
material designated approximately the task which ends up with inside
the faulty information with inside the documents, that
is because, specs of every level and adjustments are tough to say with inside
the file manner as it consists of each minute information which creates issues to
specify for every and each day because it results in the errors in coming
into the information of the task. In this, the need
of understanding for choice making is likewise one in every of the undertaking of
agile methodologies which states that there's an excessive want of
the top certified understanding who can screen the task from starting to end together
with the strategic choice making of it in order that insects may be lessened.
Costly manner is likewise an any other undertaking of agile methodologies that can
states that it will become pricey whilst every and each level of the manner is being
reviewed and changes are finished because it wishes assets which made
consumption and for this reason which proves more fees want to be naked via way
of means of the agency and task management (Hernandez III and Fumo, 2020).
Review and critically evaluate the effectiveness of the PLC in application to
your project using the appropriate theories models and concepts
Effectiveness of the venture life cycle in application to the cutting-edge task are such
that its systems the task is one of the effectiveness of the PLC this means
that through the usage of all of
the levels of venture management, challenge illustration withinside the shape of
documentation additionally turns into properly based and may be provided in the
front of the outside stakeholders of the organization. Better conversation is some
other effectiveness of the PLC this means that that
the project management levels facilitate with inside
the higher interplay flow amongst all of the people who are concerned with inside
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the project with higher coordination and cooperation amongst them. This helps the
managers of the venture in properly protection of the project. It can also aid
in higher task control is likewise every other effectiveness of the PLC
which manner that it facilitates with inside the powerful and green operating of
the task from improvements to the rectification of mistakes which has supported
the employer in strategic making plans and final touch of the task in conjunction
with the shipping and deployment of the very last task. Helps in fee controlling
is certainly considered one among the effectiveness of the PLC because of this
that that each degree of task control is accountable
for the fee feasibility observe which describes the budgeting of the sources and
the whole task, this facilitates with inside the fee controlling procedure via way of
means of decreasing the greater fees and making an
investment the equal in something more revolutionary and productive (Han and et.
al., 2021).
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it is being concluded that the specific operations
as well as the project management is an essential notion to determine and visualise
its programs which can be executed with inside the actual global groups. In this, it is
generally due to the fact every time the groups mainly initiate in order to introduce
the new as well as revolutionary for its clients and hence, they need an extensive
theoretical as well as a realistic expertise of the functions and the project
management. Hence, it is generally crucial to effectively examine the specific
operations management standards. Furthermore, it is essential to take a look at the
non-stop enhancements.
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