Operations and Project Management in Tesco: A Case Study

This report discusses the comparison of operation and operations management, critique and review of the execution of principles of operations management within the selected organization, analyzing the level to which the operations management of the firm in the case study fulfill the necessitate of the organization, and application of the continuous improvement plan. It also includes a case study on On-Site Catering in Tesco.

Operations and Project
Management
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Comparision of operation and operations management.........................................................3
Critique and review of the execution of principles of operations management within the
selected organization ...........................................................................................................4
Analysing the level to which the operations management of the firm in the case study fulfil
the necessitate of the organisation..........................................................................................5
Brief description on continuous improvement plan...............................................................5
Application of the continuous improvement plan..................................................................6
PART-2............................................................................................................................................7
TITLE.....................................................................................................................................7
Overview of the case-study....................................................................................................7
Explanation of the organisation stage.....................................................................................8
Analysis of project methodologies.......................................................................................13
Evaluating of powerfulness of the PLC in petition of distinct task......................................14
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
References:.....................................................................................................................................15
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INTRODUCTION
Operation management is defined as the management which perform the functions
related to the conversion of raw material into finished goods. In simple words, it can be said that
operations management deals with the continuous strategic issues which arise problems for the
operations of organisation. The chosen organisation for this report is Tesco which is a British
multinational groceries retailer having headquarters England, United Kingdom.. This report
highlight the execution of operation management rule in the context of Tesco, a regular
development diagram supported on the revaluation and review of operations management
(Scharfman, J., 2020). In addition to this, it also include the concept of Product life cycle.
MAIN BODY
Comparision of operation and operations management
The word operations are refereed to the management of work in the inner structure
which plays an important role in performing the business operations in an effective and efficient
manner. Store administration and management, customer services, inventory and stock
management are consider as the operations in the retail industry (Wang, X., 2019). Tesco is
constantly focusing on improving the operations so that they can deliver the best products to
their customers operations which are being performed by Tesco are given below: Store Administration and management: For the purpose of managing the stores of Tesco
at international level, their management is following several factors such as planning,
staffing and organising.
 Inventory and stock management: For the purpose of performing the work in an
organisation as per the decided and well planned manner, it is necessary for firm to
manage all the inventory.
Operation Function
Several of key functions of operation management of Tesco are given below: Finance: It has a vital role in the respective business because it provide a huge number of
products to its customers. Hence, it has been found as important to maintain a record of
all the prices related to the sale or purchase. Tesco company is dealing with large quantity
of products at their stores and finance function make it simple to prepare suitable funds
for the organisation.
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 Strategy: Strategic management is defined the development of policy, examine &
observe the feature or factors which are being continuously used by the management of
Tesco while performing several projects. (Kumar and et. al., 2020).
Operation Management
Operation management is defined as the administration of activities of business which are
being used in the procedure of conversion of raw materials or resources to the finished goods or
services. Bringing efficiency in the performance of organisation in a systematic manner is the
main objective of operations management.
Critique and review of the execution of principles of operations management within the selected
organization
In order to perform the business operations in an effective and efficient manner, the
management of Tesco have to focus on all the functions and operations. Improvement in the
overall efficiency of organisation have been gained by the systematic representations. The
process of operation management of Tesco have been discussed below along with the strengths
and limitations of steps: Inbound logistics: The first and most important stage of process of operation
management is inbound logistics as it provide opportunities to the management to create
values in the operational process of Tesco (Oey, E. and Nofrimurti, M., 2018). Operations: Tesco is providing several items of groceries in stores. Hence, it has been
found as important for management in delivering the best services to their customers by
opening the store on time, maintaining stock along with proper management of stock in
shelves and many more. It also help the Tesco in gaining the competitive edge in the
market and make the plans accordingly.
 Outbound Logistics: Next level of process of operation management is is organising and
arranging the outbound logistics as it leads to the delivery of products to the customers in
an well organised manner (Sousa-Zomer and et. al., 2018). Tesco is currently working on
bringing improvement in delivering their services by providing parking facility, trolley
collectors and many more. These services also help the management of Tesco in gaining
the competitive edge in market.
FLEXIBLE SPECIALISATION
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The adoption of flexible specialisation leads to the introduction of efficiency and
effectiveness in the operations and functions of business organisation. The management of Tesco
is adopting this technique for the purpose of performing the business operations as per the
requirement of business (Rosli, Muhammad Tamyez and Zahari 2020).
Analysing the level to which the operations management of the firm in the case study fulfil the
necessitate of the organisation
Tesco is a multinational retail industry performing their business operations as per the
needs and demands of customers. There are several key objectives of operation management of
organisation which include improving the quality of product, formulation of appropriate strategy
and satisfaction of customers. Increase in revenue: The operation and project management of Tesco adopt this method
to identify the methods which result in cost cutting of operations which are being
performed by the business organisation (Pagell, M., 2021).
 Production of products and services: Operation management perform a lots of functions
and operations for the purpose of doing production of appropriate products and services.
Operation manager of Tesco is monitoring all plans along with activities and action
which are related to the project.
Brief description on continuous improvement plan
Effectiveness of Six Sigma approach for Tesco
Six Sigma approach is defined as the set of processes and techniques for the purpose of
raising the procedure at the organisation. Customer Satisfaction: In order to enhancing the control over the quality of products in
the organisation, six sigma approach is playing an important role. By adopting this
approach, the management of Tesco is improving the operations of providing products
top the customers which leads to gaining the higher customer satisfaction (Kaswan, M.S.
and Rathi, R., 2020).
 Improved bottom line: Six Sigma approach is helping the Tesco in delivering the higher
quality products which help the management in gaining the customer satisfaction.
Effectiveness of Just in Time approach
It has been found that the Just in time approach include two domains which helps the
business organisation in eliminating the wastage by adopting several of strategies which are
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related to the improvement of employees in the business operation. The effectiveness of Just in
Time approach are as follow:
 Planning and control: In order to plan and control the entire activities of organisation,
Just in Time approach is useful as it help the management of business organisation in
analysing the trends in customer demands.
 Inventory System: Tesco is following a system of continuous replenishment which is
helpful for organisation in maintaining the inventory according to the Just in Time
approach. It is also useful in minimizing the cost of holding inventory.
Kanban Approach
It is defined as the approach which is being used by the organisation for implementing
the DevOps and agile software development. It involve real time communication and proper
transparency. Under the approach, the work items are represented upon a Kanban Board that
allows the team members to monitor each work (Senapathi and Drury‐Grogan 2021).
Simultaneous engineering
The concepts related to the designing and development of product comes under
simultaneous engineering. The process of product development have been found as simultaneous
rather than the consecutive and diminishes the time of development of product in the
organisation (Huang and et. al., 2021).
Application of the continuous improvement plan
Continuous improvement plan is defined as the set of actions which focus on bringing the
improvement in products and services of Tesco.
KAIZEN: It is defined as a Japanese term which means to bring the change in operations
for better and continuous improvement. Tesco is also applying the Kaizen technique as it is a
continuous process of improving operations along with engaging all employees in the business
operations.
Total Quality Management (TQM): It is a constant procedure which is being adopted by
the organisation for detecting and reducing the errors from supply chain management and
manufacturing for the purpose of improving the overall experience of customers (Dahlgaard-
Park, Reyes and Chen 2018). Along with this, in the context of Tesco, the TQM also ensure that
the work force is trained and aware regarding their roles.
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BENCHMARKING: The main objective of benchmarking is to analyse and measure the
key business metrics along with comparing them with the expectations of company. Tesco is
using benchmarking technique for identifying the areas where the organisation is required to
bring improvement.
Supply Chain Management (SCM): It is defined as the flow of products and services in
an organisation. SCM is also described as the performing the operations of transformation of raw
material into finished products. The supply chain of Tesco involve all perspectives from
production to development of product.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): In order to managing and performing the routine
activities, organisations use Enterprise resource planning software. It manage several of
functions such as risk management, project management, compliance and many more. It also
help the business organisation in taking the right decision regarding the operation ( Van Erp and
Sanders 2021). Flexible specialization- In order to adopt and positively react to the changes among the
process of production, the flexible specialisation is designed. It state Tesco the ways of
formulating the product in time effective manner. For the purpose of improving flexible
specialisation, Tesco hire the employees who are specialised in multiple sectors.
 Six Sigma- This is a methodology which is being implemented by the management for
performing all the tasks in an organised manner as it help the organisation in improving
the quality of products (Vanany and et. al., 2020).
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PART-2
TITLE
ON-SITE CATERING
Overview of the case-study
Programme and project are being developed in an organisation for the purpose of
performing all the tasks in an appropriate manner because they are responsible for developing
appropriate and right steps for completing all the tasks in a proper systematic manner. Given case
study implies that there are two objectives for the existing financial year. The reduction in the
movement of staff member from premises is the first objective as it leads to the reduction of
crowding issues from local area. Supporting the staff members for adopting healthy life style is
the another objective.
Explanation of the organisation stage
Project Initiation- It is defined as the first phase and the primary aim of starting this
project is to minimize the problems of work force related to the going out from premises for
lunch. From the analysis of a background of organisation that have been understand that no any
individual exist who is engaged in the activities of Catering. The management is focusing on the
reduction of movement of staff in lunch break. Hence the new catering services is required
together from external side of organisation as it help the organisation to collect the correct data
from task. Local food enterprise is found as an essential stakeholder for this new project and the
budget for this project is approximately $1000.
Project Planning: It has been found that the range of project is wide due to no
availability of catering services in the organisation. Due to the availability of a large number of
workforce, it is necessary for the management of organisation to perform their actions after
deciding the steps. By developing schedule all the practices have been undertaken as per the
decided time. According to this case study, the management of organisation is focusing on
planning so that the management can enhance the engagement of vendors from outside the
organisation. In addition to this the organisation is using KPI technique as a risk control factor of
business organisation.
Project Execution: This step plays an important role in starting the all those activities
which are already planned by the management of organisation. In order to starting the project
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execution given in the case study, it is essential for the management to accept the factors such as
performance of organisation and evaluation of team.
Project Closure: It is considered as the last stage of project as it helps the business
organisation in completing the project in an accurate and organised manner. The main focus of
this step is to engage the suppliers.
Application of each stage of PLC in the project:
In this existing project, Tesco is going to start a project of On-Site Catering. At the initial
stage of the project, the project manager of the organisation concentrated on the aspects of
defining as well as finding a project leadership team that is having skills, knowledge along with
the experience in order to manage and maintain such a large and complex project in a remote
area of the world. The project team has set up its three offices and the one office is in London
where large on-site catering projects are already existed. The other two offices are in United
States.
At the stage of project planning, the project team has developed an integrated schedule of
the project that facilitated in coordinating the activities which are in relation to designing,
procuring as well as constructing the teams. The project monitors the team also estimated a
detailed budget that assisted the project team in making a track on the expenses of the project
against the estimated expenditures. The design team of the respective project developed on the
conceptual design and along with it, this has also established detailed drawings for making the
use by the procurement team. These teams has made the use of drawings in order to start the
ordering equipment as well as materials for developing labour projections, construction team,
setting up the catering site and refining the catering schedule. Although planning is that concept
which never ends on a project and concentrated on development of the enough details for
permitting several portions of the project team in order to achieve proper coordination within the
project and permitting the team of project management for framing the priority decisions.
The next stage is of project implementation which shows that the work done in order to
fulfill the requirements of the work scope and satisfy the charter. At this project execution stage,
the project team has accomplished the task which is defined within the plan and has also made
some of the adjustments when there was changes in the project factors. Equipment as well as
materials have sent to the site of the work and at that time, manpower was recruited and trained,
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a catering site was built and all the activities which are concerned with it from the starting of the
first thing to the installation of the final light were got finished.
The last stage of the project life cycle is the closure of the project and this stage consisted
of turning over the recently on-site catering plant to the team of operations of the client. A list of
punch of a few remaining constructing items was made and such items were got finished. The
offices in US were archived all the project documents and closed. The office within the London
was already working on that project which is going to be operated next. The books of accounts
were reconciled as well as closed and the final statements and reports were written. And, along
wit it, also distributed and the project manager has started on a new project.
Gantt Chart:
A Gantt Chart is considered as the chart which includes graphical description of the
scheduling of a project. It is a precise kind of bar chart that helps in showing the beginning and
ending of the project, resources, planning as well as dependencies. This is a type of project
management tool that facilitates in scheduling, maintaining and controlling particular tasks or the
project and the resources that are used within the project. These types of charts are especially
used in the heavy industries for constructing the projects such as bridges, dams and highways
along with the development of those software that help in introducing products and services.
There are various functions of the Gantt Chart and some of these functions are described as
under:
 Visualise the entire project: The is the most basic function of the Gantt Chart that it
helps in planning and tracking the overall project so that the human resources of an
organisation can see how the tasks are going in terms of the progress within the real time.
In simple words, it can give up-to-the minute tracking reports to the administrators as
well as stakeholders in a flash.
 Resource planning: Another function of Gantt Chart is that it helps the employees of the
organisation in scheduling as well as planning of the tasks. The team directs and the
project managers can practice regarding the capacity of the resources that are available
like both skilled as well as unskilled labour, processes, technology and many more. It
would be convenient for them in assigning, redistributing and with drawing the resources
with the analysis of Gantt Chart which helps in empowering the process of decision-
making.
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 Check task dependencies: Each task of the real projects are depended on other activities
such as in case if a particular task is not getting completed and another task cannot be
started. Such situations can be handled in a convenient way with the help of the project
management tool of Gantt Chart which is an online software. Reliability such as it is
typical to maintain when an individual has numerous tasks within the project.
 Task management: This function of Gantt Chart helps the organisation in easily
managing the tasks, listing the items as well as task dependencies with the respective
project management tool. All the members of the team can determine what tasks are
assigned to them along with knowing that how their attempts would facilitate in the entire
success of the project.
 Team collaboration: This function of Gantt Chart states that the the respective project
management tool facilitates the project teams in making proper collaboration on their
projects as well as bringing each member on a single page. Project managers along with
the team leads can endure that their members of the team share the identical information
on the project and they do not have to explain them regarding progress of the project all
the time.
The Gantt Chart for the above project is given as below:
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FORMULATION OF CASE
NAME- REDHOUSE CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
VISION- To create multi-story construction and to prepare employment possibility for localized
labour force.
OBJECTIVES
 To reduce the association of force at the time period of meal. To connect and arrange classes for grooming manpower to accept healthy life-style.
Mission
The mission of organisation is to starting on new project related to the delivery of good
quality food which leads to the engagement of catering in the organisation.
Executive Summary
In the case study the management of organisation is focusing on the development of new
approaches on the workplace which leads to the improvement of overall food quality of products.
The current market conditions are considered towards the engagement of new caters in the
organisation who will going to deliver the healthy food at the time of lunch.
Idea of Innovation
It can be done by engaging the characters of food suppliers who can deliver the food of
good quality at workplace and from the perspective of innovation, suppliers can provide the
baked food which leads to the improvement of health of individuals.
Opportunity
The main opportunity which have relation with this case study is done at the catering
services for food suppliers leads to the improvement of a health of a workforce or employees
working in the organisation which indirectly increase the productivity of organisation.
Improvement in existing Business
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In the given case study the management is focusing on the health of individual. For the
same purpose they are working on bringing the improvement related to the health of workforce.
Resources used by management
In the existing business organisation the management is focusing on the use of healthy
food products so that the human resources can complete the project in a systematic manner.
Project Plan
The practices and actions having a relationship with plan are simple and simulated as per
the prospective of current organisation. Mostly the activities which are already planned by the
organisation are found as more simple and related with easy step of organisation.
Risk and potential benefit
The involvement of risk in the current project is found as higher as the individual can
neglect the food of caters and also if food supplier sustain their food quality for a longer period.
On the other hand the benefit which is related to the current project is better the individual will
able to perform their assigned task with healthy lifestyle.
Business Project
Strategies are considered as an important factor for each and every business and the best
advantage having a relationship with business project is to provide the good and healthy quality
of food. The limitation of this strategy can be consider as the cost of food because the healthy
food is costly and it cannot attract high number of individuals.
Conclusion
It has been concluded from the above case study that the project plan has an important role
in minimizing the problems of organisation. By developing the correct project life cycle steps, it
become easy for organisation to complete the project and improve the overall efficiency of
business. It easily recommended to the organization to consider all the necessary steps which
leads to the increase in efficiency in completing the task as per the decided project.
Analysis of project methodologies
In order to complete the project in a well organised manner, agile is found as the project
methodology is a which have been used by the project manager (Berecibar Gorostiza, L., 2021).
Advantage
 It include higher flexibility.
 A faster approach has been used by the management for doing the marketing of products.
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 Higher transparency and direct communication.
Disadvantage
 Due to higher complexity it is hard to predict.
 All documents are left Behind.
Evaluating of powerfulness of the PLC in petition of distinct task
The actual industry status well-advised towards use of all those cause that helps the
management to absolute and execute all work as per the decided targets. With appraisal of the
process of organization, it has been identified that to contest with mark Key performance
indicator is used in both sections external as well as internal (Chen and et. al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above report that the operations and project management
has its own importance as they are responsible for formulating the appropriate strategies at work
place which leads to the achievement of organisational goals and objectives in an effective and
efficient manner. All the steps or processes of performing business operations are being
developed by the operations management which help the organisation in reaching to desired
position.
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