Organisation Behaviour: Influence on Individual and Team Performance
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This report examines the influence of organisation culture, politics, and power on individual and team behaviour and performance. It explores content and process theories of motivation and discusses the characteristics of effective teams. The report also applies concepts of organisation behaviour in the organisational context.
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Organisation Behaviour
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INTRODUCTION: Organisationactionis a examine of the howgroupbehaviourin the group as well as individual person.It includesvarious different types ofregion such as improving the job performance, accelerative the job satisfaction, promoting the new innovation and promote leadership in the companyandat the management levels.The organisation can uses different oftheorieswhich helps the company to manage the differenttypes of people in the organisation. (Castille, Buckner and Thoroughgood, 2018) Under this report, the John Lewis, which is a multinational stores offers various different product ans services to the target marketsuch asclothes, watches, various house-ware and financial services to the client.Further their will be discussion on the organisation culture, policies and theories such as expectancy and mas-lows will beunregeneratein the report. LO 1: P1: Analyse how an organisation culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and performance The organisation behaviour is refers as a process where people of the company are managed in such asway so thatscore and subjectivecan be achieved in the targetmarketplace within the time-frame.Here employee-employer are made torealizethemissionary stationand vision of thesystemso that they work according to the needsof the company. With the references of the John lewis, the manger make sure that employees will perform according to the objectives of the company. Organisation culture:under this situations, the values, belief and assumptions of the employees areshared in the organisation so that all the member of the term are behaved in the certain manner.Theculture of the organisationgive a path to the employees top act in particular manner to achieve the desire outcomes in the productive ways. The manager of the John Lewis uses the Handy's model toorganisation tasteto show howactionofworkerbehave in the work place. This model is discussed as follows:(Lee and et. al., 2019) Power culture:under this culture, the some individual are given powerandhigher authorize to make effective business decision for the organisation. The manager further distribute the roles and responsibilities to their sub-ordinates so that task can be performedin the most 1
tellingmannerand inright time.The employees have to followthe order of its employers or the seniors and gets lesser chance to express their point of view in the team. The manager of the John lewis handy all the employees equally and so that power does not stray in single hand. Task culture: under thisappreciation, the team is formed to dissolve the critical issues and problems in the effective ways so that task can be done in the most suitable manner. All the member of team work forthe common goals andobjective of thecompany, such team are specialist in their skills and knowledge and solve the difficult problem in the simplest manner so to have aaffirmative outcomeon theexecution of the organisation. Person culture:under this situation,thesingleperson is moreafraidtheir personal goals insteadof the organisation objectives, as they think they areessential assetthen their structure.Thegovernance who precedesuch culture are notcapable to wintheir goals and objective in the present as well as in the coming years.(Tasselli, Kilduff and Landis, 2018) Role culture:Here employees are givenduty and social controlaccording to their eduction and specification knowledgeso thattop-quality possible can extract from them in the long period of time. The employees stay focus on their task and tries to complete such activities within the time frame. With the rise in the globalisation and digital technology the company started using which thingsin their culture as it haslarge outcomeon the performance of thestructure,the globalisation gives them wider platform togrowtheirenterprise at world-wide levelsand digital techniques gives way to attach more customer in the target marketplace. As perpreceding communication,the trainer of the John lewis uses task culture in their organisation so that all the activates can be completed in the within the set time and coordination among the team member is good and make sound decision. Organisation power:It involve the change in theactionof the employee and in their activityat the work place.The power include the direction which employees needs to be followed to achieve the target objective at the market. Some of theabilityare unregenerate as follows: Reward power:under this system, theworkeraresupplywith the rewards for their good executionat the work place andsuch rewards can be inform ofmonetary systemand non- monetary terms. Themedium of exchangerewards include the all those items which have a some value in terms of moneylike as bonus and etc, and non-monetaryinvolves therewards 2
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that does not have a money in the marketplace such asholiday schemes, social events and etc. Expert power:here , the person who has a good skills and knowledgeare likely to provide a expert advice to its employees from time to time. The manager interpret it hasthe knowledge isall-powerfulin thesystemand such person arevaluableby the company and tries to take help from such employees in solving the problems in the effective manners. Here, the opinions of the expert person are given more important then the employees in the organisation. This power canbe stepping stones to have a authorized power in the company in the long run. According to the above, it can be stated that the organisation power have essentialsconsequence on thepresentationof the company, the rewards power is more important for the John lewis as employees are motivated to give their best performance in the team. Organisation politics: in every organisation there is need to have a effective and heath politicsthatwillhelpinachievingthecommongoalsandobjectives.Hererolesand responsibilities of theemployees are stated to them so that every work according to the duties andhelp in achievingthegoals and objective in the accurate manner. The organisation must have apositive and health politics so that all theteam unitwork for achieving the mission and vision of the company in the longer period of time.(Organ, 2018) LO 2: P2: Examine the content and process theories of motivation in the organisation context. The process theories of motivation refers to a way thatpromptthe individual to performancein certain way towin the pre-determine mission and vision of theadministration in the presentand in further years.This theory activity in motivatingtheworkerto give their best shot at the task and increase the productivity of the company. It also help in examining the behaviour of the employee-employer from time to time and make effective changes in the team. The Expectancy theory:According to this theory, employees are given rewards for their bestexecutionin the task.The motivation is a result of the choice madebelowthe organisation by increase the pleasure and decrease thepain in the management team. under this theory, thescoreis to provide with the employees which the sense of belonging to the organisation as rewards are given to them for their good inputs in the company. In the context of John lewis, the manager focus onthe improving the performance of the team by providing 3
rewards for the efforts made in thestate inthe management team.This theory brings best from the employees and makesure that they work at their full capabilities tosucceedthe goals and objectives.(Carnevale, 2018) The contexttheories of motivation:under this theory, the focus is given on the fulfilling the basic needs of the employees at the work place so thatworkcan be realisedon time and in the effective manner. Here employees needs and wants are completed in the organisation so that they feel that they are part of the company and gives their inputs in the organisation and helps in achieving thecontentand objective of the company in the long run.The manger and leader has to look after the needs of its employees so that task can be done in the effective ways. For explaining the basic needs Maslow's theory is discussed as follows: Maslows hierarchy of needs theory:under this theory, the basic needs ofthe employees are fulling in their organisation so that worker stay motivated in the company for the longer period of time.Suchnecessarilycan bephysiologic,safety, socialand various another needs, which are explain as follows: physiological needs:under such needs , thebaseneeds and wants of the employees such asaerial, solid food,water and shelter , clothes and sleep. Here, employee aresensing after such needs at the work place so thatproject can be accomplishedwithin the set time-frame and effectiveness can be maintain in the organisation for longer period of time. Safety needs:under this needs, employees wants to feel theawareness of legal document in the organisationit includes the personal and financialsafety in the company which employees wants to have in the management team.(Gagné, 2018) Esteem needs:under this needs, the employees aresuccessfultorealised that their honouris more important in the organisation. It can also toexpressedthat,individualself-respect is given more essential in the task rather thengainit from another person in the organisation. Self-actualization needs:under this conditions,workerare made to realise theirfull potential in the team so that they can increase the inputs in the task in the organisation. Here individual aresuperficialfor the opportunities to improve their work in various task. With the reference. The manager of the John lewis, the make sure that employees basic needs at the work place needare fulfilled so that productivity of overall organisation can be achieve in the long run. 4
LO 3: P3 Demonstrate understanding regarding what makes an effective team , as opposed to an ineffective team. Team is the group of individuals that give one of their best efforts in achieving the specified goal andsubjectiveinaffirmativemanner. While build a team there are some skills and capabilities that create difference in buildingimpressiveteam in against to unproductiveteam that are as follows: AttributesEffective teamIneffective team CommunicationIncontextofeffectiveteam communicationplaysvery much important role. As they shareknowledgeand information with one another by using a definite channel in whicheveryindividualclear abouttheirobjectivesto express their views potentially. In context of ineffective team they not opt proper mode of communication.Notdueto effectivekindof communication they not able to transmit proper knowledge andinformationwithone another. Decision makingIncontextofeffectiveteam theytakedecisionsby consultingwithoneanother that potential for all people in order to remain competitive in marketplace. In context of ineffective team decisionsaretakenbyonly higher authority by considering only few aspects that hinders self interest of organisation as well as individual. IN order to access the various attributes it is potential to analyse the Tuckman theory that are as follows: Forming: In respective stage of team development consist of assemble the works and duties and allocate the task as per the employees skills and capabilities so that they can contribute one of theirfirst attemptin organisational as well as self development potentially. In context of John 5
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Lewis by using respective stage they can be able to access individual skills that enhance their level of motivation. Storming: In respective phrase consist of building of team by suggesting or advising the new ideas by building trust on one another. It work as an opinion and voice of one another in order to reduce level of conflicts in among people. In context of John lewis, they face sometimes difficulties due to differ ideas and opinion of people which hinders self interest of organisation in gaining potential outcomes. Norming: Afterstormingstageofteamdevelopmentconsistofcollaborativelyworkingof individuals in gaining desirable outcomes. In respective stage people not criticise one another but work harmoniously as an constructive and task oriented manner. They share ideas and views with one another so that each individual can yieldone of their best attemptin organisational development and enhancement positively. Performing:(Johns, 2018) In respective stage of team development consist of building team unity , in which every individual have their responsibilities inadditionscore and subjectivepotentially. In context of John Lewis they by collecting proper knowledge and information can be able to identify their employees knowledge that is very much significant for them. Adjourning: In respective stage all tasks completed and team dissolved, in respective situation some people feel anxiety when they go out of team. In that regards it is very potential for organisation and employees to work collaboratively in gaining competitive advantage. LO4: P4: Apply concepts and philosophies of organisation behaviour within the organisational context The organisationbehaviour is come through managing thehuman like resourcein the team so that task can completed within time frame and in the effective manner. It include the individual goals and objectives in accordance to organisation goals and objective. The leader of 6
the Johnlewis make sure that there isdecent balance in the employees and employees and employers at the work place. The manger uses path-goals theory to take care of employees and see how such factors effects the behaviour of the employees at the organisation.(Neck, Houghton and Murray, 2018) The path-goals model is use by the leader to follow certain type ofleadership stylein the organisation so that task can be completed within the set goals and it also see the influence the employees behavioursat the work place. This modelaidin identifying theactionof the workerthat fit best for thestructure. It is the role of the manager and leader to provide important to all the members of the organisation so that activities can be completed in the best possible ways. The main focus of this model is to increase the employees motivation and job satisfaction so thattheybecome morecultivableat thework places. This theory have four different style leader. The directive path:under thisway,thecoachlook after all the employeesand make sure that worker are arealertabout theduty ans obligationassigned to them and informed about how task needs to be performed in the organisation Theachievement-orientedleaderbehavioural:underthispath,employeesare provided with the challenges and are expected to performat their full potential. Employee also show their confidence in performing their task. The participative leader behaviour:under this model, the manager formsure that all the worker a havetake partin discussion and share there point of view in the team and give suggestion to different situation in the organisation.(Klotz and et. al., 2018) The supportive leader-behaviours:under this system, themanager have to look after needs and preference of the employees from time to time. The manger tries to have positive balance among the understanding of employees andemployee-employer in the different levels so that task can be completed in the effective manner. Conclusion: According to above discussion, it can be stated that, the employees need and wants at the work place needs to be fulfilled from time to time so that pre-determinescore and subjectivecan be achievein the impressive manner. The organisation behaviour is a importantpart of the company as it helps in achieving the goals and objectives in better ways in the market. 7
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