organisation culture power and politics

I have organisational behaviour as a subject and have attached the files.There is the guideline that must be followed too.Thank you!

Unit – 12
Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1. Determine the culture, politics and power impacts individual and team behaviour of
organisation.......................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2.................................................................................................................................................6
P2. Describe the content and process theories of motivation for goal achievement...........................6
TASK 3.................................................................................................................................................8
P3. Differentiate between effective and an ineffective team..............................................................8
TASK 4...............................................................................................................................................11
P4. Examine appropriate philosophies of organisational behaviour.................................................11
CONCLUSIONS.................................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES....................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
The study of both individual and team performance that complete their actions within
business with good relations that lead companies to achieve success is termed as organisational
behaviour. It is most important for an organisation to provide good atmosphere for workers that
encourage them to perform their actions with efficiency (Ameen, 2017). The Morrisons have been
selected for this project as being fourth largest chain of supermarket headquartered in Bradford,
United Kingdom. This project determines culture, politics and power of organisation that impact
individual and team performance at workplace. It describes the content and process theories of
motivation for goal achievement. Additionally, it differentiates between effective and ineffective team
with application of philosophy in organisational behaviour.
TASK 1
P1. Determine the culture, politics and power impacts individual and team behaviour
of organisation
Culture of organisation:- The organisation culture depends upon individual and team
performance that leads to complete task with effectiveness by restricting errors. Managers of
Morrisons are highly beneficial as they perform their business actions for developing growth by
remaining stable in global market.
Model of Handy culture:- This model was introduced by Charles Handy, that majorly focus
on its different kinds of culture within the organisation by providing training and development
programs to individuals. Managers of Morrisons implement this model for analysing the culture of
human behaviour while performing their activities in business.
 Power:- The power refers as the authority and responsibility within an organisation is given
to its few members who have the capability to complete task effectively. Managers of
Morrison delegates power to leaders for emphasizing them to motivate workers for giving
their best efforts towards company (Bickerich, Michel and O'Shea, 2018).
 Role:- The managers of Morrisons focus on the roles of workers and analyse their efficiency
while achieving target. It is essential for an organisation to meet the specified goal in actual
time boundation for being sustainable in global market.
 Task:- Managers of Morrisons aims to motivate workers for accomplishing their task within
specified time that leads company that builds high competitive strategies for achieving
success.

 Person:- Morrison managers emphasize on leaders for monitoring and controlling the actions
of workers through performance management that identifies the task done in particular
duration with the capability and specialisation of worker.
Hofstede’s dimensions of culture theory:- This theory is described as a framework for
cross-cultural communication that is introduced by great philosopher named Geert Hofstede. It is
most important for company to determine the core value of its members for performing task majorly
in group as compared to individuals that leads to complete goal efficiently. Managers of Morrisons
implement this model for building good relations among its workers by respecting each other cultures,
ethos, norms and code of conduct (Busuioc and Rimkutė, 2020).
 Individualism versus collectivism:- The managers analyse the human behaviour by
analysing the difference between actions of an individual and group for completing task. This
enhances managers of Morrisons to focus on team development that leads to improve skills
and knowledge of workers by collectively performing their task with co-ordination.
 Masculinity v/s Femininity:- Managers of Morrisons emphasize on actions done by male
and female in an organisation for analysing the effectiveness and efficiency in completing the
target. It further aims to develop managed growth by encouraging workers for performing
actions collectively that leads quality and time management.
Evaluation of organisational culture:- The culture of organisation majorly depends upon
the relation between managers, leaders and workforce. Managers of Morrisons majorly focus on
building interpersonal skills and capabilities that increase the ability of workers to share their values
and beliefs with each other.
Justification of organisational culture:- The Handy culture model describes person, role,
task, and power which build morale of an individual towards business environment for completing
activities to achieve ambition and intention. The Hofstede’s dimension of culture theory focuses on
potential distance, individualism versus collectivism and masculinity v/s femininity to attain success.
Politics of organisation:- The politics in an organisation is described as the process through
which managers and leaders involve in planning for developing innovative idea to plan their strategy
for accomplishing victory. Managers of Morrisons analyse the actions of individuals and team for
identifying their ability that leads company to succeed in perfect competition market.
 Positive Impact:- The organisational politics positively impact the managers and workers of
Morrisons by motivating them to perform their business activities for attaining monetary and
non-monetary rewards.
 Negative Impact:- This negatively impacts organisational politics of Morrisons by creating
burden and pressure over workers to complete task that lacks in building morale of

individuals. It results delay in goal accomplishment and challenges various uncontrollable
risk for company.
Evaluation of organisational politics:- The organisational politics are weeds, woods, rocks
and the high ground which affects the politics at workplace through internal and external sources.
Justification of organisational politics:- The positive impact of organisational politics
implies that managers of Morrisons takes actions in motivating workforce through monetary and
fiscal policy. The negative impact of this is workers are forcefully entitled to complete their task
within particular duration.
Power of organisation:- The power refers as duty and responsibility of managers for
delegating actions to workers in accordance with their capabilities (Chaudhuri, 2020). The Morrison
enterprise focuses on individual relationships and embedded structures of power controls and power
sources.
French and Raven Model:- It is developed by social psychologists that are John R. P.
French and Bertram Raven in 1959. This model is used by managers for categorising power into five
divisions that include legitimate, reward, expert, coercive and referent. Managers of Morrisons
implement this model as to analyse the change in leadership style that leads company to achieve
success.
 Legitimate:- This refers as the process through which managers have the power to direct and
instruct workers for completing specific task as per their guidance.
 Reward:- It refers as supervisors give high compensation to active and productive workers
for giving their best efforts towards company for achieving success. These rewards can be
either tangible or intangible that motivates workers to keep on performing their actions with
eagerness.
 Expert:- The managers of Morrisons guides their subordinates which have achieved
expertisation in specific activity for instructing their colleagues to minimise errors by
improving skills (Doppelt, 2017).
 Coercive:- It is the process through which directors have authority to forcefully make
workers perform various business activities against their will. It majorly provides physical
harm to employees as well the goal is achieved.
 Referent:- The referent means that managers who is famous and most popular for its
charismatic nature and the ability to perform actions have authority to instruct colleagues for
completing task in certain manner.

Evaluation:- The organisational power is further classified on the basis of potential and
personal authority. Potential power includes legitimate, reward and coercive whereas personal
authority involve expert and referent power.
Justified Recommendations:- It is most important for managers of Morrisons to develop one
leader and director by instructing workers to listen roles through significant head that leads in unity of
command and direction. This result in accomplishing task effectively within particular durations that
leads to achieve success.
From the above discussed organisational culture, politics and power it have been analysed
that these factors plays major role in accomplishment of success by developing good environment for
individuals and team to perform their activities. It is mandatory for very person to co-ordinate with
each other for completing task with specialisation at less time consumption for improving their
efficacy towards goal accomplishment.
TASK 2
P2. Describe the content and process theories of motivation for goal achievement
The motivation is derived from the Latin word “motive” which means the ability of managers
to encourage workers for performing their actions with eagerness that leads company to achieve
success. Managers of Morrisons implement this for motivating workers to give their high and best
performance for goal accomplishment.
Extrinsic motivation:- It refers as to encourage workers though performance appraisal that
builds good image and reputation among others (Fortuin, 2017). Managers of Morrisons focus on this
by providing rewards through money, fame, grades, etc., that appraise the individual personality.
Intrinsic motivation:- This is described as managers motivates workforce through
developing interest among workers to complete task effectively with enjoyment. The managers of
Morrisons implement this process for giving workers an opportunity to attain bonus by completing
task at certain deadline.
Content Theory of Motivation:- This theory is mostly based upon the scientific
management principles of Frederick Winslow Taylor. The managers of Morrisons implement this
assumption for analysing the needs and wants of workers that are to be fulfilled for motivating them
to perform business activities effectively.
Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory:- This approach was proposed by behavioural scientist
named as Frederick Herzberg in 1959. It is most important for business to analyse the satisfaction and
dissatisfaction level of workers while performing their tasks. Managers of Morrisons implement this

model for identifying the working condition, leadership quality and growth opportunities to increase
their competitive strategies (Heera, 2019).
 Hygiene:- It is the process used by managers to encourage employees to give their high
efforts for company by building good relations among one another for achieving its goals .
 Motivator:- This procedure does not emphasize managers to motivate its employees for
giving hard work. It further develops various situations for workers to be unmotivated that
leads to dissatisfaction of job.
Process Theory of Motivation:- It is described as managers of an organisation implement
change in planning process that further leads to transform leadership and working style of workers to
achieve target (Kang and Lee, 2017). Managers of Morrisons implement this procedure for
developing their competitive strategies to compete with rivalries for being stable at international
market.
Vroom Expectancy Theory:- This is defined as the managers allow workers to select the
best suitable task among various alternative for maximising pleasure and restricting pain. Managers of
Morrisons execute this model as to enrich workers by providing them satisfaction through performing
task that result in acceptable performance which leads to achieve rewards.

 Expectancy:- The expectancy is termed as the ability of workers to increase performance
level that leads to achieve high return. Managers of Morrison further emphasize on utilising
scarce resource effectively through staffing right person at suitable workplace which improve
efficiency.
 Instrumentality:- This refers as the process through which managers analyse performance
management for ascertaining goals (Olins, 2017). Morrison manager further takes effective
steps for identifying individual efforts for company by monitoring action done in particular
duration. It provides efforts-performance relationship with rewards for motivating workers to
build their morale.
 Valence:- It refers as the process through which workers expects to ascertain rewards for
their precious efforts towards company in achieving goals. Managers of Morrisons further
distribute actual benefits that are mostly less as compared to expectation of employees.
The implication of motivational theory on management and leadership style aims to achieve
goals by motivating workers for attaining personal and organisational goals. It creates opportunity for
growth and stability of business to increase competitive strategies that leads to compete with rivalries.
Behaviour Psychology:- This refers as systematic approach that builds connection with
minds and behaviour of workers for performing their actions in particular durations that leads
company to achieve short and long-term goals. Managers of Morrisons implement this model as to
develop co-ordination among its employees that create opportunity for organisation to grow and
expand business (Taheri and et.al., 2019).
TASK 3
P3. Differentiate between effective and an ineffective team
The organisation majorly consists of three types of teams that are mentioned below as:-

 Functional:- These functional teams consists of top level managers of the organisation who
take major decisions for the company. These managers have employees to work under them
and a supervisor to take care of the work down by the employees.
 Problem – solving:- This team is made to find out the problems happening while achieving
the objective and problems being faced in new plan before applying it.
 Project teams:- These project teams are made for some particular reasons. After the
completion of the project either the team vanished or the same team is selected for another
project (Weinfurtner and Seidl, 2019).
Describing the comparison between effective and ineffective team of business:-
Basis Effective Team Ineffective Team
Definition It is the team which completes
its work effectively and
efficiently without any error and
omissions.
The team either completes its
work on time but ineffectively
or effectively complete it but
not when required.
Functions The main function of effective
team is to achieve goals through
building good employee
relations.
The ineffective team lacks in
managing and functioning their
task properly as there is lack of
communication and
misunderstanding.
Co-ordination This team is highly beneficial
by co-ordinating with one
another that result in achieving
target at certain specified date.
This team member are not able
to co-ordinate among each other
that creates major issue in
accomplishing target which
delay in achievement of success
for company.
Achievement of goals The effective team focus on
their goals and objectives and
complete their performance in
accordance to achieve it.
The ineffective team does not
focus on their goals that
increase the possibility of errors
which are highly difficult for
company to solve it in less time.
Team Development:- This is defined as the process through which managers of an
organisation develops team for achievement of short goals. Managers of Morrisons further generate
an effective team by selecting right members for prescribed roles that increase efficiency in

completing target. It is most important for organisation to build its aggressive plan that leads to
prolong in global market.
Tuckman Team Development Model:- The psychologist Bruce Tuckman developed this
model in 1965. It describes the ability of managers and leaders from forming to adjourning the whole
effective team that leads to complete the desired target for company. Managers of Morrisons apply
this model to solve different problems available at various stages of organisation that creates delay in
accomplishment of goals and objectives (Whiteley, 2017).
 Forming:- It means that managers monitor and control the performance of workers by
identifying errors. They further emphasize leaders of Morrisons to restrict these mistakes by
forming an effective team through selecting active and right candidates within the business.
 Storming:- The managers of Morrisons further guides leaders to staff workers in accordance
with their roles and responsibilities and delegate their duties. It develops growth and stability
for business to achieve goals efficiently by restricting errors to compete with rivalries that are
Sainsbury, Waitrose and Partners, M&S, TESCO, ALDI and Amazon.
 Norming:- It refers as the process through which leaders of company encourage workers to
complete their specific task within particular duration. Managers of Morrisons aim to
discriminate the roles and responsibilities in accordance to their capability that leads to
complete task with specialisation by eliminating obstacles.
 Performing:- The ability of workers to perform their actions with high level of efforts by
quality and time management that creates prospect for company to maintain its position in
global market. Morrison managers are highly profitable as they are able to bridge the gap by
developing precautionary measures that restrict uncontrollable risk.
 Adjourning:- As being the goal accomplished, leader segregate workers by posting them
again at previous designation and also motivates them through tangible and intangible
rewards. It develops excitement and eagerness for workers to keep performing their task at
high level that leads company to attain success.
Hard Skills:- These are the abilities of an organization which are visible to all by its name,
product quality, advertisement that helps company to solve problems by corrective measures.
Managers of Morrisons focus on this as to develop team work that leads to sustain company in perfect
competition market (Xheneti, Karki and Madden, 2019).
 Problem-solving:- It is the process through which managers solve problems by developing
creative thinking skills for restricting errors and pertaining protective measures that are to be
implemented by organisation.
 Restrict conflicts:- The managers of Morrisons focus on restricting conflicts among workers
for achieving goals at particular time by developing good employee relations.

Soft Skills:- These soft skills are referred as the capability of managers to motivate and boost
energy of workers that encourage them to complete target efficiently. The managers of Morrisons
adopt these skills for inspiring workforce to achieve individual and organisational goals that creates
competitive strategies for company.
 Improve motivation:- The main motive of managers is to encourage their workers
performance by providing them compensation benefits that builds their team morale for
completing task efficiently in order to gain more rewards.
 Effective communication:- It is described as the process through which managers of
Morrisons provides training and development programs to understand and communicate with
others by sharing their views and information.
TASK 4
P4. Examine appropriate philosophies of organisational behaviour
Interpersonal Relationships:- The Morrison managers are adversely affected by
interpersonal relationships of its workers as they lack in building good employee relation. This arises
by not been able to develop trust and faith among each other that result in shortage of understanding
beliefs, values and respect.
Path Goal Theory:- It is the model which mostly focus on leadership style to manage its
workers by motivating them to perform actions effectively through training and development
programs. This plays major role for company in developing employee powerful by improving their
skills, knowledge and behaviour to respect everyone (Zhang, Larkin and Lucey, 2017). Managers of
Morrisons implement this model for providing satisfaction to workers that transforms unproductive
labour to productive member for an organisation.
 Directive:- The managers of Morrisons direct workers to perform their task as per the
requirements of organisation by following their instruction that leads to avoid the possibility
of errors. It is most important for managers to restrict errors through providing them training
and development that leads workers to interact with each other for sharing their beliefs.
 Supportive:- Morrison managers aims to develop good relations among their workers that
leads to support each other through increasing co-ordination among themselves. It results in
accomplishing target within particular duration that creates opportunity for company to
compete with rivalries by increasing its strategies to enlarge customers for qualitative
products. This supportive action aims workers to collective perform their actions by helping
each other in their difficulties.

 Participative:- It is the process through which workers co-ordinate with one another for
performing their task to attain specific target. These increase employee relations by sharing
beliefs, values, ethos, norms and code of conduct. Managers of Morrisons focus on this
approach as workers distributes their task in accordance with capability and perform it with
specialisation that leads to achieve target at certain date. The managers focus on this for
delegating works with their specialised roles and responsibility and further develops relation
that active workers helps inactive and unproductive labour as being an inspiration for them.
 Achievement:- The managers of Morrisons develops good interpersonal relations among
workers by restricting the possibilities of conflicts, partiality, inequality and jealousy. The
main aim of managers is to achieve the target through encouraging workers for attaining
rewards in accordance with their task. It motivates employees to give high efforts towards
company for achieving success efficiently.
The contemporary barriers of effective behaviour for an organisation:-
 Situational resistance:- It is described as the process through which managers of an
organisation emphasize leaders to develop different varieties of leadership styles taking harsh
actions through inactive and unproductive labours. Managers of Morrisons implement various
strategies as to compete with rivalries by attaining success that increase potential power of
company.
 Social capital theory:- This theory refers as to develop good relations with internal members
of company that includes colleagues, managers and leaders in order to develop good
understanding with them. Managers of Morrisons implement this increasing their social
belongings that lead to restrict issues with interpersonal relations among employees for
eliminating weakness and threat for organisation.
 Contingency theory:- It is the approach considered as combination of situational and system
theory. The managers follows basic plan and strategy to complete target and emphasize
leaders to change their leadership style for encouraging workers to achieve goal efficiently
that increase the capabilities of business to sustain in perfect competition market.
CONCLUSIONS
From the above discussion it have been concluded that human behaviour plays major role in
an organisation for completing task within particular time. It is essential for business to motivate
workers for performing their business activities with eagerness for achieving individual and
organisational goals. This project determines culture with application of Handy and Hofstede model,
politics and power by French and Raven model of organisation that impact individual and team
performance at workplace. It describes the content and process theories of motivation for goal

achievement through Herzberg’s Two-factor and Vroom Expectancy. Apartly, it differentiates
between effective and ineffective team with application of philosophy in organisational behaviour by
Tuckman Team Development model.

REFERENCES
Books and journal
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