Organisational Behaviour

The report discusses the importance of organisational behaviour, culture, communication and motivation in enhancing organisational success. It includes a case study of Argos Ltd. and evaluates the cultural role on employee's motivation.

ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR
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Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................4
Identifying the culture in line with a theoretical model.........................................................4
Exploring how culture improves the organisational effectiveness with a focus on
communication.......................................................................................................................6
Evaluating the cultural role on employee's motivation..........................................................7
Evaluating how the company uses the culture of the organisation to enhance their success. 8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Organisational behaviour is concerned with different types of behaviour that an employee
in a business acts and works upon the organisational culture. The staff within a business are
related to different forms of culture in the workplace. Employees are highly encouraged towards
the organisation when are sufficiently motivated and follow their culture into their workings. The
present report is prepared with relation to the concept and models of human behaviour that is
applied at the workplace. The effect of culture and its role in motivating the employees. The
report is being prepared in context to Argos Ltd. which is a UK based retail firm.
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INTRODUCTION
The concept of organisational behaviour is discussed as an understanding of the nature as
well as the behaviour of the company's employees at the workplace. This contemplates each
employees behaviour and action in the organisational culture that can have its effect on
communication, job performance, motivation & leadership, management, etc. The main aim of
this study is to determine the various aspects such as employees motivation and their
performances which assists the businesses in developing a strong bond among staff members
(Adib and Suyadi, 2021). The present report mentions the different cultural forms through a
model, the focus of culture upon organisational communication. Further, in continuation to this,
the various motivational theories and the application of culture to enhance organisational success
is discussed. The company which is being considered in this report is Argos Ltd. A UK based
online retailer firm that started its operations in the year 1972.
MAIN BODY
Identifying the culture in line with a theoretical model
The concept of an organisational culture refers to the values, actions as well as behaviour
that contributes to the organisational environment and the philosophy. The culture shapes a
manner within which the company's employees acts and formulates their decisions that could be
positive or negative. The culture prevailing within an organisation plays a major role in the
employee's performance, internal environment as well as towards the generation of higher
profits. About Argos Ltd., the organisational culture directs the employee's actions as well as
their capabilities that leads them towards the attainment of greater success. It directly affects the
organisational as well as the individual's productivity from its actions (Arti, 2021). The
theoretical model which is applied to identify the culture is known as Handy's model which is
mentioned below:
Handy's model of culture comprises four major forms of culture which are found in organisations
to the extent of which the company can have centralised as well as formalised business
operations. The types of culture are:
 Role Culture: This form of culture is featured by the companies in which there is an
existence of a high degree of centralised as well as a formalised process like
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bureaucracies in it. The company operates with well-structured procedures & rules that
determines the hierarchy of an organisation. This allows an organisation to brief the
employee's roles & responsibilities in a clear manner whereas, on the other hand, this
brings less adaptiveness in the dynamic environment of such business. About Argos Ltd.,
this would provide different benefits to the organisation such as enhancement of
productivity along with continuous support of colleagues. This would lead to an increase
in the company's brand image across the market.
 Task Culture: This form of culture is featured with a fewer degree of formalisation and a
greater degree of centralisation within the organisation. Such type of business comprises
of those employees who are focused on the results and are flexible. The most important
thing which the task culture requires is a presence of team dynamics that works upon the
wholesome success of the culture. About Argos Ltd. the organisation operating with this
culture allows each employee to be clear with their targets and performs their actions with
higher efficiency through teamwork (Cryer, 2021).
 Power Culture: This kind of culture is featured with a high level of formalisation but is
functioning with a very low or no centralisation. This form of an organisation comprises a
charismatic leader who interacts straight with the employees & expects agile as well as
fast responses from them. In relation with Argos Ltd., the organisation can apply this to
create certain options upon particular matters through having decisions that are essential
to have.
 Personal Culture: This cultural form is featured with an absence of centralisation as well
as formalisation too and operates in an environment that is status-driven and is directed
by self. This does not involve any session or providence of motivation because the
employees do not need any motivation as they are self-motivated. About Argos Ltd., the
adoption of personal culture enhances the employee's loyalty towards the organisation
and productivity too (Cunningham and et. al., 2021).
Concerning the above discusses model, the company Argos Ltd. applies for the role as
well as the task culture to attain higher productivity with clarity of tasks as well as the roles &
responsibilities of each employee.
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Exploring how culture improves the organisational effectiveness with a focus on communication
The concept of communication is referred to as a process through which two or more
people interacts, share their thoughts, beliefs, ideas or even emotions. This can be done either by
verbal, written or can also be through the non-verbal form of communication. Communication
assists companies in circulating their policies or sharing their values for the achievement of
which each employee will work. To have effective working as well as a healthy positive working
environment, it is necessary to have the flow of regular communication inappropriate manner.
The company's culture focuses upon communication to have a smooth flow of information inside
as well as outside the organisation. Concerning Argos Ltd., the healthy relations of employees
promote a positive form of culture so to minimise the various hurdles or conflicts which can help
in avoidance of negativity from the workplace (Dawson, 2020).
The significance of organisational communication assists culture in developing an
effective working culture as well as formal bonding among different levels of the organisation. It
is highly important to have clear communication as otherwise, this would give rise to confusion
or miscommunication of essential information. In context to Argos Ltd., the company follows a
proper chain of communication so can communicate things ineffective and understandable
manner. The company also considers the 7C's of communication which allows them to have a
more clear understanding of the communication importance. The 7C's of communication are
mentioned below: Clarity: Firstly, it's highly essential to be related to the message objective the company is
delivering. The recipient of the message must be aware of the aim of receiving such
message and its meaning. Secondly, it is also important that the information content is
also clear. A communicator at Argos Ltd. is required to avoid jargon and using simple
language by just focusing upon the purpose and content of the message (Farley, 2021). Correct: It's important that the factual content, as well as the language used in making the
communication, is correct. If the recipient at Argos Ltd., finds any errors then they
would get distracted and will lead to a reduction in the creditability at Argos Ltd. Concise: When communicating the information it is important that all the parties are stick
to their content and keeping the message simple & short. Employee's at Argos Ltd., are
advised to have concise information and useless word as much as possible.
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 Courteous: Management at organisation Argos Ltd., can enhance the effectiveness of
their communication through showing respect as well as being polite with the recipients.
The messages must be friendly, considerate, professional, open as well as honest
(Firestone, 2020). Coherent: If the communications at Argos Ltd., are not coherent they would not be
efficient. To develop coherent communication the company's employees and the
management must have a logical flow as well as the tone, style & language also needs to
be coherent. Concreteness: It is significant to frame a logical message as well as supporting each
other. For Argos Ltd., a proper message with significant logic are essential to have an
effective as well as a concrete message so that can experience great success.
 Completeness: A message which is being conveyed is required to be complete as
incomplete information will lead to miscommunication or non-clarity of the objective.
Argos Ltd., management should convey a complete message to their employees so that
they can have a proper understanding as well as can bring appropriate conclusions (Lenz
and Lochmüller, 2021).
From the above discussion, it can be said that the 7C's of communication is highly
important to have effective communication. This will bring to a positive and healthy
organisational culture which will, later on, bring effectiveness in business.
Evaluating the cultural role on employee's motivation
The concept of employee motivation denotes the enthusiasm or encouragement which is
provided to the company's staff by the top-level management or by the training & development
department. Motivation is provided to the employees to achieve target goals. The organisational
culture plays an important role in motivating the company's staff towards their goal. Argos Ltd.,
through motivating their employees towards the fairness as well as application of organisational
culture can perform their tasks effectively & with high potential. The company applies Maslow
need hierarchy theory of motivation to motivate their staff members:
 Physiological needs: These comprise the basic needs that an individual possess like
food, shelter, clothing, water, air, etc. Such needs are related to the maintenance as well
as the survival of human life. Argos Ltd. provides proper remuneration to its employee's
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assistance of which they can maintain their life in a proper manner (Orobia and et. al.,
2021).
 Safety needs: Such needs are also categorized as essentials for individuals. As each one
wishes to have a secured job, protection against danger, the safety of their properties and
many others. Argos Ltd., through providing employee's insurance they tend to make their
employees life secured.
 Social needs: These needs takes birth from society only. This covers needs such as
belongingness, love, friendship, affection, conversation, etc. The organisation Argos Ltd.,
provides a space for informal relations such as via festival celebration, get together or
picnic where the employees can develop and satisfy their social needs and stay motivated
(Remland and Mahoney, 2020).
 Esteem needs: These needs are related to recognition, self-respect & respect from their
peer members. The employees at Argos Ltd., are motivated through the fulfilment of this
need via honouring each other as well as providing respect among colleagues.
 Self-actualization needs: This is the last stage in the hierarchy where an individual feels
satisfies and does not desires to attain any new thing. Here, the experienced employees of
Argos Ltd. wish to enhance their capabilities as well as existing skills so that can perform
better (Sharifi, 2021).
From the above discussion, it is evaluated that the healthy and motivational culture within
an organisation is beneficial to motivate their employees and attain organisational goals. When
the company's employee's are motivated they generates the feeling of enthusiasm as well as
connected with the company. This encourages them to perform their tasks by full integrity and
by respecting the organisational culture.
Evaluating how the company uses the culture of the organisation to enhance their success
To have organisational effectiveness, the most important thing through which a business
can attain future success is the presence of culture. The culture of any organisation defines their
values, vision, mission or beliefs categorizing the priority to which they perform upon their
actions and attains success. The workforce of any company carries the shared values that include
different elements related to the organisational environment, mission, values and other aspects.
When the organisation is having a strong culture then the employees will feel retained and can
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work with full potential. Through this Argos Ltd., can enhance its brand image or provide a high
quality of products to its customers (van den Kieboom, 2021).
To enhance the organisational culture, the company is competent to have different steps
that are aimed to attain various benefits or opportunities. It allows different employees to form
different cultures or from various backgrounds that carry the highest abilities or proper
evaluation is done from a different perspective. The company's culture develops such an
environment that the firm employees get influenced and brings success. A healthy and positive
culture allows having the highest level of productivity that leads Argos Ltd. to experience growth
shortly. Proper development of a team or scheduling certain tasks in a team enhances the
working environment as well as the quality of outputs which eventually brings organisational
success shortly (Zvavahera and Tandi, 2021).
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be said that the culture of an organisation plays a great role
in the development of a healthy and positive environment. This allows an adequate
understanding related to human behaviour which ultimately motivates the company's employees.
The culture of an organisation is being adopted with a specific discipline or organisational
performance through the application of some models or motivational theories. Through the
application of motivational theory, the organisation can encourage the staff and attain their
objectives. The company can bring success in their operations through the use of culture which
brings growth for them in future. There are different types of culture such as task culture, role
culture, personal culture and power culture out of which one or two are applied by the
organisation to have an effective understanding of human behaviour.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adib, M.A. and Suyadi, S., 2021. The Application of Abraham Maslow's Hierarchical Theory in
Islamic Education Learning at Tamanan Elementary School Bantul. Edukasia: Jurnal
Penelitian Pendidikan Islam. 16(1). pp.97-112.
Arti, M., 2021. IMPACT OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE A
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND GROWTH IN RESEARCH. European Journal of
Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 7(8). pp.5308-5319.
Cryer, B.J., 2021. Motivation and the Young Writer: Reimagining John Dewey’s Theory of
Experience (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas at El Paso).
Cunningham and et. al., 2021. Interrogating the motivation mechanisms and claims of asset-
based community development with self-determination theory. Community
Development, pp.1-20.
Dawson, C., 2020. 2. What Is Organizational Culture?. In Leading Culture Change (pp. 13-20).
Stanford University Press.
Farley, S.D., 2021. Introduction to the Special Issue on Emotional Expression Beyond the Face:
On the Importance of Multiple Channels of Communication and Context. Journal of
Nonverbal Behavior, pp.1-5.
Firestone, S., 2020. Importance of Communication During a Crisis. In Biblical Principles of
Crisis Leadership (pp. 65-74). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Lenz, R.E. and Lochmüller, D., 2021. Organisational Culture and Forced Digital Collaboration:
Changes in Collaboration Behaviours and Collaboration Values.
Orobia and et. al., 2021. The association between accountant’s competences, organisational
culture and integrated reporting practices. Journal of Financial Reporting and
Accounting.
Remland, M.S. and Mahoney, L.M., 2020. Reassessing the Importance of Nonverbal
Communication in the Age of Social Media. In Reimagining Communication:
Experience (pp. 64-79). Routledge.
Sharifi, K., 2021. Moribund by mores: assessing the influence of organisational culture on the
British Army's ability to conduct major policy reform, 1868-1958 (Doctoral dissertation,
King's College London).
van den Kieboom, B., 2021. People ignore design that ignores people: Understanding the impact
of security training on the security behaviour of employees within an organisational
context.
Zvavahera, P. and Tandi, R., 2021. Application and implications of Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs Theory: The Zimbabwean experience.
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