Motivation Theories and Applications

This assignment delves into different motivational theories used in organizational settings. Students are tasked with analyzing and applying these theories, while also examining the potential risks associated with their implementation. The focus is on understanding how these concepts can be effectively utilized to drive employee engagement and organizational success.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Organization's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance.................................................................................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques.............................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.........................................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour within an organization..................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
In the current era, Organisational behaviour helps to define actual working system and
performance of the business firm. Thus, employers of the firm focuses on to develop healthy
working environment within the company so that employees can significantly performed their
operations and achieve their goals and objectives. Basically, this report based on 4Com plc
company. It is an small business of UK which providing mobile, communication tools, software,
internet and so more. Apart from this, here will be systematically explained organisation's
culture, politics and power because it directly influence individuals and team behaviour either
positive or negative manner. Along with this, here will be defined appropriate motivational
methods which can be used by 4Com company for enhancing motivation and confidence level of
employees. Apart from this, different type of team here systematically explained in the context of
4com. (Kitchin, 2017)
TASK 1
P1 Organization's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance
Organisational culture, power and politics plays important role for every business firm
because with the help of them an company can significantly get success and attain their goals and
objectives. Therefore, every business firm focuses on to develop healthy working environment
within the organisation so that all employees will significantly performed their tasks and attain
their targets. Apart from this, organisational culture assist to elaborated values, norms, attributes,
ethics of the business firm. Employee's working performance and quality based on all these
contents. Therefore, it is necessary to be develop healthy working surrounding so that staff
members are significantly focus on their tasks and get success. (Pereira and et. al., 2017)
Basically, employees of the business firm are the backbone of the business firm without
employees any company cannot get success as well as not attain the targets in an impelling style.
While staff members effectively performed their tasks with better quality then respectively
increased profitability and productivity of the organisation. However, it is required by 4Com
company to maintain and create power, culture and politics within the company. Due to this,
business firm can significantly attract high number of customers towards organisation. Thus, by
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doing this effectively enhanced sales and revenue of the business firm. Apart from this, here
explaining Handy's cultural typology in which included four type of cultures such as follows:
 Power culture: It helps to elaborated various rules and regulations of the company which
have to be systematically followed by all staff members in an impelling manner. So that
they can get success and attain their decided goals and objectives. It helps to maintaining
the healthy working environment due to this consequently increased profitability level.
 Role culture: In the context of this type of culture, major roles and responsibilities are
allocate all employees of the firm as per their working capabilities and skills. So that they
will significantly performed their operations and get success. (Kim, Kim and Reid, 2017)
 Task culture: It is one of the major type of culture which is totally based on team of
persons. In which, managers of the firm make effective team of person as well as decide
their targets and goals which have to be achieved by them. In order to this, managers of
the firm allocate their tasks to all team members as per their skills and capabilities in an
impelling style. It aids to increased working performance of the employees due to this
they significantly performed their tasks.
 Person culture: Within the organisation has working different type of person who
belong to several cultures. Thus, they performed their targets and works as per the order
of job due to this they achieve their goals in an effective and efficient style. All these type
of cultures are helps to increased working performance and skills of employees due to
this they significantly complete their operations and achieve their targets in an impelling
way. Therefore, it is necessary to be develop healthy working environment within the
organisation because surrounding of the firm directly impacts on employees as well as
their working style either positive or negative in nature. (Jaworski, 2017)
Organisational culture, politics and power
 It is necessary for every business firm must be develop healthy working environment so
that they can significantly increased profitability and growth rate in an positive manner.
Thus, it is one of the major responsibility of managers should systematically determined
the infrastructure of business firm.
 In the other words, power of the business firm also plays important role because due to
this all employees of the firm significantly performed their roles and responsibilities in an
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systematic way. Due to this, effectively developed and maintain positive environment
within the organisation. (Burrell and Morgan, 2017)
Ethics
 Organisational culture, power and politics assists to encourage to all workers so that they
get success and achieve their targets. It helps to reduce conflicts and problems from the
business firm in an systematic way.
 Positive power and politics also aids to increased motivation and confidence level of all
employees of the company. Due to this, they can effectively face any kind of situations as
well as resolve problems with the help of appropriate solutions.
 Powers and politics assist to develop healthy relationship with employees and other
parties of the business firm which directly impacts on business growth rate and
profitability level. (Tziner, Felea and Vasiliu, 2017)
 Positive and effective culture of 4com plc aids to increased sales and revenue of the
business firm because while employees effectively performed their operations then
consequently attract high number of customers towards organisation in an effective and
efficient style.
In the other words, it is necessary for every business firm must be develop healthy
working surrounding within the organisation because with the help of this all staff members
effectively compete their tasks with better results and outcomes as well as get success in the
competitive market place in an systematic way.
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TASK 2
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
Illustration 1: Concept of motivation
(Source- Badubi, 2017)
Every business firm wants to get success in the competitive market place as well as seeks
to be achieve goals and objectives in an impelling manner. Due to this, employers of the firm
focus on to adopt new strategies and methods with the organisation so that employees will
significantly provide better services and facilities to consumers as per their needs and
requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to be effectively analyse and examine the actual working
style and performance of all staff members. Additionally, must be conduct appropriate
motivational programmes and activities at the work place so that employees of the firm can easy
to learn and enhance their working performance and quality in an impelling way. Apart from
this, there are several type of motivational theories which can be used by 4Com company for
increasing motivation and confidence level of employees towards their works and tasks so that
they will effectively performed their operations and attain their targets. In order to this, there are
systematically explained appropriate motivational theories such as follows: (Mitra and et. al.,
2017)
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 Content theory: Basically, this motivational theory is related to the needs and
requirement of all employees of the company due to this they respectively motivate
towards their works and operations. Apart from this, while employees fully satisfied
within the organisation then they effectively performed their tasks and achieve their
targets. Hence, in this theory included two type of motivational methods such as
Maslow's hierarchy and Hygiene two factor theory which can be used by 4Com
organisation for motivating employees towards their works such as follows:
Maslow's Hierarchy need theory: In this aspect basic needs and requirement of an
individual categorised into five major sections. With the help of this can easy to identify actual
requirements of employees within the organisation. Therefore, there are elaborating five major
stages such as follows: (Badubi, 2017)
 Psychological needs: It is one of the major need which every persons wants to full fill in
and effective and efficient style. In which concluded water, house, shelter and food.
Without completing the psychological needs of an person they cannot significantly
survive.
 Safety needs: It is necessary to be provide safety and security services to all staff
members so that they can feel safe and secure while working within the organisation. Due
to this, employers of the firm must follows legal employee safety rules and legislations.
 Social needs: After that, an individual seeks to be make healthy relationships with their
family, friends and peers so that they can easy to motivate towards their operations and
tasks in an systematic manner. (Zierler, Wehrmeyer and Murphy, 2017)
 Self esteem needs: All persons wants some respect from the other persons at work place
of the company. While employees get respect from their peers then their working
performance and efficiency also respectively increased in an impelling style.
 Self actualisation needs: In this stage most of the persons are fully satisfied towards
needs and requirements. In which an individual can easy to performed their operation and
increased their skills and capabilities in an systematic way.
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Two factor theory: This is another one motivational theory which also can be used by
4Com company for increasing motivation and confidence level in an impelling style. Apart from
this, in which included two major factors which systematically explained under follows:
 Hygiene factors: It is one of the major factor which helps to motivate all employees
towards their works. In which included some major aspects such as salary, fringe
benefits, job securities and so more. All these aspects doe not give fully satisfaction to
employees. (Shah, Anwar and Irani, 2017)
 Motivational factors: This type of factors are related to the positive aspects which helps
to give fully satisfaction to employees towards their needs and demand. Due to this,
respectively increased motivation and confidence level. So that their working
performance and skills also enhanced in an systematic way. In which concluded
recognition, sense of achievement, rewards, opportunities, promotion, responsibilities and
so more.
 Process theory: It is also an another major motivational theory which aids to full fill
needs and requirements of employees due to this respectively increased their motivation
and confidence level. Basically, in which included some major contents which should
systematic maintained and controlled which all are explaining under below:
 Reinforcement theory: In the context of this theory, employers of the firm conduct some
motivational programmes and events must be conduct within the organisation so that
employees of the firm can easy to motivate towards their works. (Chmiel, Fraccaroli and
Sverke, 2017)
 Expectancy theory: This is totally based on past experience of employees with the help
of this they can get appropriate guidelines and directions for completing the works and
achieving tasks.
 Equity theory: It helps to define employers of the firm how they interact with their
employees at work place of the company. With the help of this, significantly identify the
equality level of staff members.
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TASK 3
P3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
Employers of the firm focus on to make team of persons as well as decide their common
goal so that they can easy to achieve decided targets in an impelling style. While employees of
the firm working in an effective team then their working performance and skills respectively
increased due to this business firm can easy to get success as well as achieve their goals and
objectives in the competitive market place. It aids to reduce complexity and conflicts from the
work place in an impelling style. Apart from this, within the an has one leader and other their
followers. However, leader of an team gives appropriate guidelines and directions to their team
members so that they can understand how they should performed their tasks and attain their
goals and objectives. Along with this, 4com company is an technology based organisation of UK
which providing internet, mobiles, communication devices, software and so more. Therefore,
there are defining several type of teams in the context of 4com company such as follows:
 Functional team: This type of team are related to the an specific and particular plan all
team members performed their operations according the plan of company. In which all
activities and operations are completed by managers of the business firm as well as
effectively clarified the objectives to all team members so that they can also set their
goals and objectives. It is necessary to be all activities and operations must be arranged in
an systematic way so that team members can easy to understand how they should
performed their operations and attain their goals. (Goh, Ritchie and Wang, 2017)
 Problems solving team: These kind of teams are developed by the managers of the
company for solving an particular problems and issues in an impelling way. In which all
team members collect actual and reliable information for understand the problems as well
as major reason. Due to this, they can find out appropriate solution for resolving that
particular problems with the help of appropriate efforts. Within the organisation has
included several problems and issues which negative affects on company due to this it is
necessary to be resolve them with the help of appropriate solutions and efforts. So that
company can get success and attain their targets in an impelling style.
 Virtual team: This is another type of team which is effectively connected through the
online, internet, video conferencing. With the help of these sources all team members can
easy to communicate and interact with each others. In which geographical location of
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team members are different due to this not easy to interact with each others. Therefore,
they are using smart digital tools and techniques. While employees working in an team
thus it is necessary to be implement better communication process so that they can easy
to interact and share actual information with each others.
 Project team: In which all team members are belongs to another groups and functions
which working on the same project as well as focus on to achieve goals and objectives.
Thus, it is categorised into several sections a per the needs and requirements of the
business firm. Apart from this, different type of teams has their different working style as
well as several objectives which they wants to be attain in an impelling way. It helps to
increased profitability and productivity level of the business firm. Due to this, it is
necessary to be make appropriate team of employees also must be effectively clarify the
objectives to them so that they can set their long and short term goals. It helps to
increased their working performance and make healthy relationship between each others.
(Salas-Vallina and et. al., 2017)
TASK 4
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour within an organization
Every business firm focus on to get success in the competitive market place as well as
seeks to be attain goals and objectives in an impelling style. Due to this, employers of the firm
tries to be use effective strategies and methods within the organisation so that they can easy to
manage and control all over business activities and operations. Apart from this, 4com is an
technology based company which is providing mobile, communication devices, software and so
more to various companies. With the help of them employees of the company can easy to
communicate and interact with each others as well as share any kind of information. Basically,
4com using different type of motivational theories for enhancing motivation and confidence level
of all staff members towards their works. So that they can significantly performed their tasks and
achieve their goals. Along with this, while an organisation performed their tasks at work place of
company it faces several barriers which may be directly impacts on employee's working
performance either positive or negative manner which all are explaining under below:
 Negative working environment: It is one of the major issue which affects employee's
working performance and effectiveness due to this it is necessary for every business firm
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must be create healthy working surrounding within the organisation. So that very
employees of the company significantly performed their tasks and achieve their goals. It
helps to increased employee's working performance and skills in an impelling style.
While staff members performing their works within the healthy working surrounding
then respectively build healthy relations as well as increased their effectiveness towards
their tasks.
 Bulling and harassment: While within the organisation has done negative things with
their employees such as harassment, sex crime and so more. Due to this, respectively
reduce their moral and confidence level. Thus, these type of activities and things are
directly affects on business firm as well as employee's working quality. Therefore, it is
necessary for employers of the 4com must be reduce these type of unethical activities
from the organisation as well as try to implement appropriate rules and regulations which
have to be followed by all staff members at work place. So that they significantly
performed their operations and get success.
 Discrimination: It is one of the major issues which done most of the business firm
among employees. While employers of the firm discriminate between employees towards
their work, safety and in other kind of situations. Thus, their confidence and motivation
level respectively decreases towards their works and operations. Furthermore, also reduce
the profitability and productivity level of the company. Hence, it is necessary for every
business firm must be implement better management system and follows non-
discrimination act within the organisation so that all staff members will significantly
performed their tasks and achieve their goals.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report it has been concluded that organisation behaviour is an
important concept which aids to define actual working system and performance in an impelling
way. Thus, here has been defined the actual impacts of culture, power and politics on working
performance of 4com company. Apart from this, several type of motivational theories has been
elaborated in the context of 4com business firm such as Maslow's, two factors and so more
which could be used by selected organisation for increasing motivation and confidence level. In
the last, different type of teams also explained in the context of 4com which aids to resolve
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problems and issues with the help of appropriate solutions and increased profitability and
productivity of the company.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Burrell, G. and Morgan, G., 2017. Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis:
Elements of the sociology of corporate life. Routledge.
Chmiel, N., Fraccaroli, F. and Sverke, M. eds., 2017. An Introduction to Work and
Organizational Psychology: An International Perspective. John Wiley & Sons.
Goh, E., Ritchie, B. and Wang, J., 2017. Non-compliance in national parks: An extension of the
theory of planned behaviour model with pro-environmental values. Tourism
Management. 59. pp.123-127.
Jaworski, B. J., 2017. Commentary: advancing marketing strategy in the marketing discipline
and beyond. Journal of Marketing Management. pp.1-8.
Kim, M., Kim, A. C. H. and Reid, C., 2017. Positive organisational behaviour in NCAA Division
I football: a head coach's authentic leadership and assistant coaches' psychological
constructs. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing. 17(1-2). pp.121-
143.
Kitchin, D., 2017. An introduction to organisational behaviour for managers and engineers: A
group and multicultural approach. Routledge.
Mitra, M. and et. al., 2017. Leading together: Collaboration among senior healthcare executives.
British Journal of Healthcare Management. 23(1). pp.12-16.
Pereira, V. and et. al., 2017. Mapping the impact of Asian business systems on HRM and
organisational behaviour: multi-level comparative perspectives. Journal of Asia
Business Studies. 11(3). pp.253-261.
Salas-Vallina, A. and et. al., 2017. Happiness at work and organisational citizenship behaviour:
Is organisational learning a missing link?. International Journal of Manpower. 38(3).
pp.470-488.
Shah, N., Anwar, S. and Irani, Z., 2017. The impact of organisational justice on ethical
behaviour. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research. 12(2). pp.240-
258.
Tziner, A., Felea, M. and Vasiliu, C., 2017. Psychological contract breach, leader-member
exchange, perceived ethical climate and organisational justice: Are they interrelated and
how?. Journal of East European Management Studies. 22(1). pp.63-82.
Zierler, R., Wehrmeyer, W. and Murphy, R., 2017. The energy efficiency behaviour of
individuals in large organisations: A case study of a major UK infrastructure operator.
Energy Policy. 104. pp.38-49.
Online
Badubi, 2017. Theories of Motivation and Their Application in Organizations: A Risk Analysis.
2017.[Online]. Available through:<https://researchleap.com/theories-motivation-
application-organizations-risk-analysis/>.
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