Organisational Behaviour: Impact of Culture, Politics and Power on Individual and Team Behaviour and Performance, Motivational Theories and Techniques

Organisational
behaviour

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
P1 The way in which culture, politics and power impact on individual and team behaviour and
performance.................................................................................................................................3
LO2..................................................................................................................................................8
P2 The way in which different content and process theories of motivation and various
motivational techniques...............................................................................................................8
LO3................................................................................................................................................10
P3 The way in which effective team is formed as opposing an ineffective team......................10
LO4................................................................................................................................................15
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour for a business situation................15
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour can be defined in manner that it is study of human behaviour in
organisational settings and also it is a kind of interface between organisation and human
behaviour and the organisation itself (Abdulmuhsin, 2021). Organisational behaviour has its
roots back to Max Weber and organisational studies. In this report, analysis has been done on
power, politics and culture and identify its influence on the behaviour of people at individual and
team level. The analysis has also been done on to motivate individuals and team members for
achieving their goals. The research has also been done on the philosophies as well as concepts of
organisational behaviour in a particular business situation. The chosen organisation is TESCO. It
is a general merchandise retailer company which was founded in year of 1919 by Jack Cohen as
a group of market stalls in Hackney London.
MAIN BODY
LO1
P1 The way in which culture, politics and power impact on individual and team behaviour and
performance
Level of culture
The level of culture in an organisation specifically denotes the intensity of culture present
in the organisation. This level is basically obtained by a business entity by the presence of
several types of employees who belong to different sections of the society. It is essential for the
top level management to take necessary actions related to management of culture in a short
period of time (Al-Swidi, 2021). At Tesco being a multinational company the level of culture
present is there in a severe intensity so management has to take necessary actions to develop
different cultural practices.
Cultural web
This technique is widely adopted by many different multinational organisations like
Tesco to map culture which is present in the organisation. It is helpful in achieve different goals
and objectives of the organisation and this model in the field of management came into force in
1992.

Handy's model of culture
According to this model, it has provided in determining various types of cultures within
organisations. The main stages of this model for Tesco are as follows:
 Power culture- This is an important type of culture in an organisation since the power to
make choices is placed in the hands of a few individuals. Management plays a significant
role in this type of culture in order to guide the achiebemnt of the organization's goals.
 Task culture- It relates to the practise of establishing tasks and activities linked to an
organization's operation (Balwant, 2018). The task culture focuses on distinct staff tasks
and responsibilities in order to build a valid strategy that is beneficial to the company's
success.
 Person culture- This is a form of culture that is mostly used at Tesco and is linked to a
certain personality. This type of culture is primarily concerned on the development of a
single employee, which is a huge drawback for the entire company.
 Role culture- This is a key type of culture in which a person is assigned distinct jobs and
duties in a firm based on their qualifications.
Organisational power
The ability and strength of an organisation to deal with a variety of situations is referred
to as organisational power in the marketplace. A business has to acquire strength in a short time
limit in order to deal with the various market effects that are brought by competitors.
Power politics
The power politics is considered as major force behind activities and functions which are
happening in the organisation. It is considered as major force behind the development of a
business and it is also considered as negative side of a business which leads to conflict between
different team members.
Power of the boss
Authority and power of the boss is referred to the possession and governance of the
supreme authority of a business (Benuyenah, 2021). In a business power of the boss leads to
develop unethical practices in a business and also develops nepotism in most of the cases.
Formal power

The formal power of a business is defined as the legal authority that allows it to establish
and govern different employee-related responsibilities. Formal power in the working of a
company often rests in the hands of top and the middle management in order to carry out various
activities and functions.
Leadership vs power
Leadership power is considered as the major authority lies in the hands of a leader in the
organisation. In a business a leader is supposed to manage large number of members so the
leader can prevent misuse of power and can also develop power related to a subject matter in the
company.
Coalitions
In a business coalition is referred to an association which is indulged in performing
specific actions and can also perform protest related to a subject matter. Coalition is majorly
present in every organisation in order to perform various activities and issues which are directly
or indirectly related to business and employee performance.
Political sexual harassment
It can be referred to as the way wherein the supreme authority is being exploited by the
worker. This is mainly faced by various organizations and the workforce mainly quit their own
jobs.
Types of power
French and Raven identified the five primary ways in which power can extended in social
situations
Referent Power-
This is based on an individual's interpersonal attraction to another. Assume that an indivdual adm
ires a person, namely A, and as a result, it will follow B, owing to the qualities of B andthe repu
tation inside the organisation. This is observed in advertising since the celebrities promoting a pr
oduct mainly impact the public. If Tesco makes use of this power, it will improve the company's
revenues since it will be able to sell its products through advertising in partnership with a well-
known celebrity, which will influence customers.
Expert Power- It refers to the fact that a person A has more power than person B due to the fact
that A has greater expertise and experience in the company. For example, a professor has more
power in classroom for its knowledge and degree that the professor have with the experience. In

context of Tesco there are certain departments where each individual is known for its domain.
Suppose in finance department the accountant person will have more power in rest of the
members because of its knowledge. For instance, A professor, for example, has more influence
in the classroom because of his or her expertise and degree, as well as their experience.
Similarly, there are specific departments at Tesco where each employee is known for their
specialty. Assume that in the finance department, the accountant has greater power than the other
members due to his or her knowledge.
Reward Power-
When a person A is rewarded for doing a better job in the organisation than a person B, this is
known as reward power. Person A, on the other hand, gets benefit by having greater duties. If
Tesco plc follows this by rewarding employees based on their performance by promoting them,
increasing their salaries, and recognising their work, job performance will improve, and output
will increase, resulting in higher profits for the company.
Legitimate Power-
The management has power over the employees because of his or her authority and position. The
manager is in charge of overseeing and regulating the day-to-day operations of the company.
This is an excellent plan for Tesco since the staff will be managed and the tasks will be
completed on time, which will help the company achieve its objectives.
Politics- It is an informal , unofficial practice to increase power or achieve other targeted
objectives in the organisation. The political behaviour in the business organisations involves
many activities such as spreading rumours, leaking any kind of confidential information and
favouring a particular group of people in the organisation for personal benefit. This kind of
behaviour is not approved by the business organisations it is self serving which employees do.
Types- There are four types of politics in business organisation
 The Weeds – it is an informal way to influence the employee for the personal benefit. If
the company Tesco plc support the weeds for a change in the organisation
 Rocks- Individual interactions and a formal source of authority such as title, function,
knowledge, or access to resources are the foundations of this type of politics.
 High Ground- It includes both official and informal authority, as well as organisational
systems such as rules, structures, policies, and guidelines.