Influence of Culture, Politics, and Power on Organizational Behavior

This report analyzes the influence of culture, politics, and power on behavior in an organizational context. It explores different models of organizational culture and the French and Raven model of power. It also discusses the impact of political behavior on team performance and motivation theories in the context of Tommies Childcare.

Organisational behaviour

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
ACTIVITY 1...................................................................................................................................3
Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of other in an
organization context.....................................................................................................................3
ACTIVITY 2...................................................................................................................................6
Content and process theory of motivation...................................................................................6
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
2

INTRODUCTION
Organization behaviour can be defined as the group study for evaluating the performance of an
individuals with the context of respective organization. This is helpful in constant level of
defining and analysing the essential market trends in order to improve for gaining more level of
competitive advantages (Arbabi and Mehdinezhad, 2015). Tommye childcare is one of largest
childcare along with being the nursery providers in the midlands as is family run business set up
in the year of 1998. In the recent years company is among the top 10 most level of recommend
mid-size nursery along with many more awards. The company have also been extended towards
receiving if the award at leadership which makes the company more effective. In the current
report, the influence of culture, politics as well as power in the organisational context has been
analysed and identified and their contribution in individual as well as team performance will be
analysed. On the other hand, the use of more level of motivation theories will be linked with
individuals by application of concepts and philosophies by different business situations.
ACTIVITY 1
Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of other in an organization
context
Organization Culture
Organization Culture is the system which have the shared level of assumption s along with
respective values and belief in order to govern the different business situation in organization.
The shared level of values has the strong level of influence of the employee of firm along with
paying major level of monitoring on there their attitude and physical appearances (Podsakoff and
et.al., 2016). Hence the organization culture plays an important and crucial role of managing the
performance of Tommye childcare. So, the culture of the firm can be understood through the
application of different model.
Handy’s Model of organizational culture
As per this mode, organization have the 4 types if the culture in the working environment as-
Power Culture: this have the significance in the level of power taking and decision making
which can be done by the senior authorities. this is followed by the tommie childcare as the
decision is being taken up by head of family. this help the business to take more level of
quality decision which eventually played an important role in success for firm.
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Role Culture: in this type of culture, the firm make every employee is considered to be clear
about the differentiated role which is needed to be performed to have achievement of
organisational goals (Ali, 2018). Knowing the great level of knowledge have eventually
increased he level of efficiency of organization in motivating and decision-making process.
Task Culture: In this the firm said to have the formation of different team in order to have the
performance of tasks in descriptive goals to have achievement of organizational goals. This
type of culture is being followed from the starting points in order to increase the efficiency
of solution and also invest more than on mind in the operation which help the company in
increasing the flow of idea in the organization.
People culture: in this type, firm have their culture in which the individual seeks themselves as
every level of unique and superiors to the reprieve organization. The firm has clear existence
due to their working people motivations through financial and non-financial motivation.
Hofstede's cultural
This is considered to be level of dimension theory framework by defining more level of cross-
cultural communications which is been developed by the Geert Hofstede. This is helped in
elaborating their society culture along with value its members in order to have relations with
factor analysis.
This model see’s the culture in six different dimensions
Power distance index is considered to be higher in tommie’s childcare as the highest family
member have the power o make the effective decision which is over impacting its efficiency
and effectiveness.
Individual versus Collectivism is about the relationship among different employees. As this
make culture moderates as each employee have aces sot carry out the business operations.
Masculinity versus femininity have the reference to equality regarding the distribution of roles
among male and females (Cassar, Bezzina, and Buttigieg, 2017). in the organization, this
relationship is moderates and doesn’t different among employee on basis of gender.
Uncertainty avoidance Index is another level of dimension which have the observation over
ignorance’s or the level of avoidances of the respective employee on company.
Power
This is the ability for something to act in particular way by influencing more level of team
behaviours and performance among the employee of tommie’s childcare (Osland, Devine and
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Turner, 2015). This is helpful in order to have the proper level of analysing by influencing by
selection of French and raven model of power are as follows:
French and Raven model of Power:
This model has been developed in the year 1959 which have the containing of top 5 powers
which use to have the major influence on the employee inorganization.
Legitimate Power: the power has the coming the employee by having the formal level of belief
in order to have power to demand someone’s in order to make decision in the organization.
This is followed by the tommie childcare as the decision is being taken up by head of
family. this help the business to take more level of quality decision which eventually played
an important role in success for firm. This helps company in accomplishing more level of
resources by improving mor level of information.
Reward power: This is the power which is been received by senior authority who have the
power to given rewards to its efficient employees for their respective extra ordinary performance
(Jayakody and Gamage, 2015). This kind of power is only being enjoyed by higher or senior
authority. On the other hand, this created a level of un comfortability in employees regarding the
acceptability to be achieved. This issue can be related to the wages side or the biasness in
evulsion of performance.
Expert power: this is the power which is being achieved by the level of expertise and existence
of skillset which is been possessed by an individual. This power is being assessed by the
respective team leaders. It is major obligation for the manager and leader to access same
level of influence on the work of different employee in the organization this has helped the
organization in keeping the link between the individual goal and the organizational which
has helped the company in achieving the success in the market.
Referent Power- this is power which is been enjoyed by the individuals who are considered to
be respected by their other employees (Miner, 2015). For instance, the family member of the
tommie’s childcare who have inflowed and creating more level of influence of employees can
make it don to the easier perspectives to get the work down in more formative way.
Coercive Power- on the other hand, this is the power which comes into induvial by believing
that’s they have more level of power to punish anyone in company as per the wish and
seared. The tommie’s childcares have the have the initiative of creating a more level of
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positive environment to keep the environment progressive and continues succeeding t
ultimate level.
The last one informational power which look arousing the person who have ability to possess
knowledge for creating more level of compete advantages (Borkowski, 2016). This is helps in
creative more level of promising drives in bringing the séance of competition in the organization
which eventually help the firm in influencing the behaviour of employee in positive way.
Chantal’s Characteristics
Political behaviour is considered to be the respective level of subset of the human behaviours
which palsy an significant roles in both negative and positive aspects. As for the consideration,
the employee of childcare firm has the more leek of political midst in order to have creation of
negative environments which will be helpful in creating more level of compositive advantages.
In addition to that’s it will be creating more level of conflict among the employees along with
changing behaviour of team in kore negative employee which are against to work together for
achieving the organizational goals.
This is also help in influencing the work behaves in more positive aspects. The manger have the
tries to influence the more creating situation which have the friendly drives for firm (Kinicki and
Fugate, 2017.). This is best aspects as companions us the bets eat to have improving efficiency
in order to build competitive skills. Hence the manager generally level of motivating to have
influence more team behaviours and performance in more positive way. This is being followed
from the starting points in order to increase the efficiency of solution and also invest more than
on mind in the operation which help the company in increasing the flow of idea in the
organization. Hence the company have also been extended towards receiving if the award at
leadership which makes the company more effective. Knowing the great level of knowledge
have eventually increased he level of efficiency of organization in motivating and decision-
making process.
ACTIVITY 2
Content and process theory of motivation
Content theory concentrates on factors that are essential and have potential to motivate
people in workplace. Human needs are essential element that encourage or discourage person. If
these needs are met then employees feel happy in firm .( Robert,2018).
Hygiene theory of motivation
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This model has two main elements: hygiene and motivation. Both these elements can
affect satisfaction level of workers. Motivating factor includes workplace, responsibilities,
growth, advancement, recognition etc. Whereas , hygiene factor includes relationship,
supervision, company policy etc. All these aspects play significant role in business unit (Downes
and et.al., 2017).
Tommies Childcare is serving well since longer duration in health and social care sector.
It concentrates on the children of workers of its nurseries. It takes care of kids and provide them
natural environment so that children can get flourish emotionally and socially. In the
motivational factor: Tommies Childcare always takes care of requirements of its staff members.
It knew that if there is talented workforce then firm will be able to grow well hence it ensures to
keep its employees happy so that they take care of children in properly manner and create
healthy workplace culture .( Robert,2018). Company always encourage them by giving
recognition. Whenever any staff performs well or does something good then Tommies Childcare
provides them promotional opportunities. Apart from this appreciation is given in front of all
staff members. This boosts energy of person and makes them feel valued. This kind of feeling
make the persion positive towards the care centres and make them, more productive. By this way
Tommies Childcare becomes able to accomplish its goal successfully.
In addition, Tommies Childcare staff members are very happy here because they get time
to time achievement for their good performance. As company offers them incentives, bonuses
etc. That helps them in meeting their family needs easily. Each employees is responsible in the
firm,. They have power to make decision for the welfare of business unit. Leaders and manager
of company always support their team members and take their innovative ideas (Downes and
et.al., 2017). This involvement of them helps people in understanding more about their
responsibilities and they fulfil it effectively. This raises productivity of Tommies Childcare and
also help the firm in grow well.
Hygiene is another important element of this theory. Managers of Tommies Childcare
provide time to time guidance to their employees. By this way confidence of workers gets raised
and they become more professional to provide amazing services to children. Tommies Childcare
has great HR policies for employees. As each workers can get required leaves and can spend
time with family as well. Its policies are very effective that aids the workers in maintaining
balance between personal and professional life. Higher management always involve employees
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in decision making process. They make informal discussion with them. This helps in developing
bonding with them. By this way Tommies Childcare becomes able to retain its talented
workforce and making them feel good. This enhances their productivity that help the Tommies
Childcare in gaining success in market .( Robert,2018).
Process theory of motivation
Process theory concentrates on process that must be applied in business to resolve issue
of employees to motivate them. Vroom expectancy theory states that expectancy is the element
that shows the efforts of person. If person is making hard efforts then individual can get more
success. If employee has adequate resources in workplace then it aids in enhancing their
workplace efficiency and individual can finish their work on time. Apart from this, having
adequate capability and skill to do job make the person happy. This develops their confidence
and individual become bale to finish their work easily. That helps business in minimising
mistakes and raising workplace efficiency as well.
Tommies Childcare gives value to each person who is showing their dedication towards
organisation. Company gives them value so that they feel happy in business unit and they work
better in the firm (Downes and et.al., 2017). Tommies Childcare ensures needs of each person. If
staff members like to get incentives then company provides those incentives. If they want other
accommodation facilities then enterprise arrange these facilities for them. This aids the firm in
performing well in market and fulfilling needs of people as well. Managers of Tommies
Childcare always take care of this thing that employees of company get their desired rewards.
Employees always have great expectation from their employer. If manager is fulfilling their
needs then it makes them psychologically positive towards their higher authorities. By this way
they make many efforts that lead to raise their performance at workplace to great extent .
( Robert,2018). Tommies Childcare always promise to its employees to give additional rewards
if they fulfil their duties well. These promises are fulfilled every time. This develops confidence
of employees and develops relationship with them as well. This positive psychology works as
motivational factor. Because people retain in firm for longer duration and always support
company in critical situation as well. This raises their efforts that enhance productivity of
Tommies Childcare. That is the reason that Tommies Childcare is performing well in market and
serving best to children. All its consumers are happy with services provided by business unit.
This motivation helps Company in fulfilling needs of consumers and help in generating more
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profit. By this way company can gain competitive advantage to great extent (Vroom's expectancy
theory, 2020).
Content and process both these theories are helpful in influencing performance of staff
members within Tommies Childcare to great extent. It is beneficial in making employee’s
positive and retaining them in business for longer duration. This kind of efforts and dedication by
workers raises performance of Tommies Childcare in market. Tommies Childcare always takes
care of their needs and evaluate their performance. On the bases of their performance ach
members gets appreciation, rewards and promotions. That encourages them and makes them able
to put more efforts in the firm. Many time employees need healthy culture and friendly
atmosphere. This thing also provided by Tommies Childcare to kits staff members. That is the
reason that they support them every time and provide excellent services to children.
ACTIVITY 3
Importance of effective team and what makes an effective team
Team can be defined as a group of people who work together on order to accomplish a
common goal. In order to understand importance and meaning of effective team it is important to
compare it with ineffective teams such as: An effective team has a power of accomplishing
desired goals and effects whereas, an ineffective team do not have agreed ideas and lack of trust
among each others (Wagner and et.al., 2017). There are different types of team such as:
functional, projects and problem solving. All these types have different objectives.
For making an effective use of team, there is a requirement of manager of Tommies
childcare to implement team development theory. By implementing Tuckman’s and Belbin’s
team development theory, they can make all people aware about the importance of working in a
team. Such as:
Tuckman’s team development theory: It is considered an effective theory as with its
help, Tommies childcare can introduces effective ways to their team members as how to tackle
difficult situations by working in a team. It has mainly stages such as:
Forming: It is one of the main stage in which all team members depend on their leaders for
guidance as how to complete a task. Different behaviours of team members have different views
and it becomes difficult for them to stock on the same aim and way of performing task. The main
role in this stage is of leader as they have to give answers of all questions asked by their
employees (Crunk, 2018).
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Storming: It is known as the critical stage in which team members do not agree on each
others’ views. Each one tries to get the higher position and want to team leader. Plenty of
uncertainties persist in this stage. It becomes important fro leader to make all team members able
to focus on their goals as well as becoming distracted by relationships. All members try to
compromise in order to perform activities.
Norming: It is called normal and a better stage than storming because in this stage,
agreements among team members become started. All members have clarity of their roles and
responsibilities and it allows them to work effectively in a team. All team members try to
understand each other’s view and respect them which make them able to take an effective
decision. Unity and commitment is one of the main strength and key of this stage.
Performing: It is the last but not the least stage in which all members have knowledge as what
they are doing, why they are doing and what is the importance of cooperating each others. The
main focus of al members is on accomplishing goals. Team in this stage has high degree of
autonomy. Disagreement occurs sometimes, but team members with strong unity and trust solve
them with cooperation (Siregar, Pane and Ruman, 2018).
So, from the above it can be said that Tommies childcare can develop a team and take
advantages of external opportunities.
Belbin’s team theory: Rather, Tuckman’s theory, Tommies can make an effective use of
Belbin’s team development theory in order to accomplish their goals. It has 3 types of roles
which include:
Action oriented
Shaper: It includes those people who challenge team in order to improve them as well as
find effective ways to solve difficult problems. Shapers are people who see complications and
difficult as opportunities and try to make their team as much effective as they can solve problems
and perform accordingly.
Implementer: It refers those people who get all works done and implement strategies
accordingly. They take ideas of team members and make it into consideration by implementing
into practical actions. One of the limitation is implementers have lack of flexibility (Lynch,
Lynch and Clemens, 2018).
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Completer finisher: It refers those people who see that projects completed by team
members are effective and also make sure that there is no error in it. They are concerned with
deadlines as well. So, they motivate team members to complete project on the given time.
People oriented
Coordinators: It refers those people who perform roles as like of chairman and traditional
team leader as well. They are good in listening and they guide team members as how they can
accomplish goals.
Team workers: It refers those people who support each others in a team and make sure
that all are performing in an efficient manner.
So it can also be said that as per the current situation of working environment and project,
manager of Tommie childcare can use theories or team development.
Concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour within Tommie Childcare
Organization behaviours can be defined as a process or study of understanding individual
performance and group activity within an organization. By knowing individual performance and
behaviours of individual, manager needs to use leadership theories. Before defining theories of
leadership it is important to understand the aim of using this theory. In the context of Toomies
childcare, it is stated that it wants to expand its business as by opening branches in the UK. But
expansion is not an easy task as there are several barriers occur in the path of the success. But
with the help of path goal theory it can make itself able to accomplish goals of expansion. Path
goal theory has several effectiveness such as:
Path goal theory: It is known as the best and effective theory of leadership style which may fit
in working environment as per the current situation of the company. This theory is being
developed to help managers or leaders of organizations to increase motivation among their
employees and satisfy their all types of needs. One of the main feature of this theory is manager
does not require to implement it by performing several steps as they only need to complete some
steps which are:
 Determining environmental characteristics and employees needs as well.
 Selecting the best leadership style as per the current situation.
 Focusing on motivational factors and it is the key of the success.
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As per this theory, leaders have 4 types of behaviours such as:
Directive: As per this behaviour, leaders inform their employees as what they are required to do
by telling them what to do, how to do and coordinating as well. It is useful in situation where
employees have a lot of uncertainties (Phillips and Phillips, 2016).
Supportive: It is the most liked way of leadership by employees because in this behaviour,
leaders show concern towards their followers by helping them in their task. It is being useful in
situation where relationships are challenging physically.
Participative: It is also an effective leadership style in which leaders take views of all
employees about project before making the final decision. It makes them feel valued and
motivated as well. But it can only be used when all employees are knowledgeable and have skills
to make decision and give suggestions to leaders.
Achievement: It is somehow challenging style for employees because leaders set some
challenging goals for their employees. After setting challenging goals, they motivate their
followers as they can do it and at the same expect from them to complete it before the deadline.
It is being used in some departments and for only challenging people such as: technical
scientific.
So, from the above discussed all behaviours of leaders it can be said that leader for Tommies
childcare need to focus on directive and participative style for motivating their people. By
making effective use of path goal theory it can expand business by satisfying needs of employees
and make them feel valued.
Leadership styles or approaches
Rather, path goal theory, there are several other approaches and styles by which leader of this
company can accomplish their goals such as:
Democratic: It is one of the effective way of leading employees. The main aim of this
leadership style is to make employees feel valued and motivated and making effective decisions
regarding projects as company wants to expand business. It can be said that leader can make the
best decision when it has several views and suggestions. As per this theory, leaders give
opportunities to all followers to take participation in decision making process and share their
views. By taking views of all members they make final decision at their own. It is useful when
employees are skilled.
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Transformational: It is other best way of leading by motivating employees. As per the
style of this theory¸ leaders cooperate their followers by working with them as like a team
member. They create a vision, objectives and guide their followers by inspiration. They
encourage motivation and work for an effective and positive change within an organization. A
transformational leader fosters ethical working environment and make their employees able to
adapt changes in an effective manner (Hawkins, 2017). One of the main key which motivates
employees and make transformational leadership successful is trust as they trust in all their
followers and at the same motivate them to increase their self-esteem.
So, it can also be said that there are several effective styles of leadership and by making an
effective use of discussed styles, leader of Tommies childcare can expand its plans into another
geographic region in the UK.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarized that team power and culture played a vital
role in an organization. It has also discussed importance of motivation to employees as how it
helps employers in accomplishing their goals and get work done by employees in an efficient
manner. It has discussed importance of motivational theories like Maslow’s and others. It shows
ways to manager of motivating their employees towards working effectively. Further, this study
of organizational behaviors has shown increasing importance of an effective team in order to
take opportunities of competitive advantages and advantages of other external opportunities.
There are several theories which allows manager of organization to make an effective teamand
all these theories have been discussed in this present study. One of the main effective theory is
Tuckman’s team development which consists of some stages by which manager can make an
effective team and improve relation. Lastly, it discussed some leadership approaches which also
played a vital role in accomplishing goals. One of the effective leadership theories which allows
company and their employees to increase their productivity is path goal theory.
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CONCLUSION
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