Organisational Behaviour

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ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
LO1.............................................................................................................................................................3
P1Analyse organisational culture, power and politics influence individual and team behavior and
performance.............................................................................................................................................3
LO2.............................................................................................................................................................6
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable effective
achievement of goals in organisational....................................................................................................6
LO3.............................................................................................................................................................8
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team...............................................................................8
LO4...........................................................................................................................................................11
P4 Apply context and philosophies of organisational behavior within an organisational context and
given business situation.........................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behavior refers to the study of examine the behavior of an individual
person and a team in performing a particular task within an organisation to achieve a common
goal. It is an effective goal that is attempts by the businesses to done the operations more
efficiently. It is helpful in creating the field of maintaining a discipline to maintain a unique field.
This report includes the Ryanair which is an Irish Budget Airline Company headquartered in
Dublin, UK. This project covers the analysis of culture, power and politics to examine the
individual and team behavior in completing the task. It also involves the motivational theories
that helps in encouraging employees for doing an effective work and maintain the team and
develops in an effective manner by using team development model. At last it can showcase the
concepts and philosophies of organisation behavior that helps in achieving the task in an
effective way within a business situation that was created in the organisation(McShane and et.
al., 2018).
LO1
P1Analyse organisational culture, power and politics influence individual and team behavior and
performance
Organisational culture refers to the process of sharing the customs, beliefs, values and an
assumption that helps in governs the behavior of the people within a business enterprise. The
culture of an organisation is very flexible in nature because it maintains and manages the
working environment of the organisation so that people work effectively. In case of Ryanair it
plays an essential role to maintain the decorum of the working place so that they earn more and
more profits so that they will sustain in the marketplace for a longer period of time. It includes
the various culture that can be shown below(James, 2017).
 Power culture – It refers to that type of culture in which power is hold by an individual
person and they influence the other person throughout the business firm. It includes the
rules and regulations that helps in taking the decisions faster and that also gives a long
term benefits within the organisation. In case of Ryanair if a leader adopts this culture
that it impacts the performance of an individual in a negative way as they cannot work
effectively for achieving the task in an appropriate manner. But at the same time it helps

the manager to take decisions quickly due to this they get the productive results(Chumg
and et. al., 2016).
 Person culture – This culture defines a term in which a person or an individual only
focus on their performance and improving the overall performance rather than focus on
the other teams members. In this Ryanair every individual focus on their skills and
knowledge because they mainly adopts the ‘’macho’’ culture due to this they mainly
focus on the male workers who work tough task rather than women’s. This will helps in
increasing the individual performance and also maintains the team productivity.
 Task culture – It refers to that culture in which a manager can assigned the task to
different staff members so that it is easy to achieve in an appropriate way. In context of
Ryanair manager can assigned the work as per the individual performance and skills
because of this productivity has been increased and results are presented in an effective
way. it also encouraged people to work proficiently.
 Role culture - In this culture persons are responsible to follows the rules and regulations
and delegated towards the responsibilities as per the experienced and their knowledge so
that task can be completed as per the interest of the people. in context of Ryanair,
manager follows the divisional structure where roles and responsibilities are divided into
small divisions so that task can be completed in time and in a proficient manner. This will
help in enhancing the effectiveness of individual performance and teams.
Organisational power refers to that activity where a person can able to make things happen
according to their own perspective and where other people are able to do that work. In this there
are various types of power that can use within the organisation as per the needs and wants. In
Ryanair power is influenced by one’s behavior and actions that can be shown below(Punia and
Shyam, 2017).
 Reward power – It refers to that power in which manager of a Ryanair can motivates
their staff members to effective working by offering them attractive rewards in terms of
financial and non-monetary terms. Due to this workers of the company can efficiently do
their work and achieve the targets on the specified time. In this a leader can encourage a
person for give their best to get the effective rewards this will enhance the individual and
teams behavior towards the working.

 Coercive power – In this type of power Ryanair manager can punish their subordinates
for not performing well this will demotivates the staff members to work. it is totally
different from the reward power and it will impact in a negative way to the behavior of an
individual and the teams. Due to the use of this power no task can be performed well.
Organisational politics defines the term that helps in influencing the work within a business
enterprise with positive and negative manner. In this a person can show the power and the
authority to control the other person and their actions of working. In case of Ryanair this
organisational politics can be affected n two ways that can be shown below(Wong, Mahmud and
Omar, 2015).
 Positive impact - In Ryanair if manager follows and adopts the politics in an effective
way in which every employee can perform their task freely because of good relations
with their superior. Due to this it shows the positive behavior in the individual and teams
working that gives the productive results to the goal achievements.
 Negative impact – In this manager or a leader of Ryanair cannot focus on their
employees benefits because of this they will not satisfied with the environment because
of this they does not give the productive results and cannot accomplish the task in a
productive way.
It is very essential to analyse the power, culture and politics within the Raynair because it
helps in fulfill the task in an effective and efficient way. In this company can follow the Macho
style of culture that was place under the Task culture which helps in showing the productive and
calculative task so that results are coming in a positive manner. But at the same time it will
demotivated the female workers. In this they follow the rewards power to encourage the
employees and improve their efficiency of work with their positive behavior towards the
company. the effective politics helps in maintaining the transparent communication due to which
investors also satisfied and employees are encouraged for effective working.

LO2
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable effective
achievement of goals in organisational
Content theory refers to that process which mainly influences on the satisfying the need and
wants of an individual so that they will satisfy and encouraged with their jobs and perform their
task in an effective manner. In case of Ryanair it is mainly used to encourage employees so that
they take initiative for the effective work. It includes Maslow’s need hierarchy theory that can be
shown below(Anagnostopoulos and Papadimitriou, 2017).
Maslow need hierarchy theory
It is proposed by the Abraham Maslow that includes five aspects on the basis of which an
individual priorities their needs and wants and work according to that. In Ryanair manager
motivates every employee by firstly satisfies their core needs than after focus on their further
needs(Lee and Woo, 2017).
 Psychological needs - It involves the basic needs that includes cloth, food, shelter, water
that helps the person to perform their functions. In background of Ryanair manager can
focus on fulfilling the basic needs that they have to their jobs and company in this
manager can provide fair salary, accommodation to the employees who are working away
from their home place so that they will work effectively and fulfills their task in an
effective manner.
 Safety needs- it includes security and freedom from pain. In context of Ryaniar manager
can provide the medical and health insurance to their employees like pilot and others so
that they feel secure at the time of performing the job. And they also provide friendly
environment and give the right to take participation in the decision making process so
that they can feel satisfied and secure on their positions and give the productive results.
 Social needs – It refers to that needs in which a person can make social relation like
friendship, love affection etc. with the reference of Ryanair the manager can ensure that
the every team members are connected with each other for this they maintain and follow
a family based environment in the working place so that relation between the employees

are effective so that work can be done in an effective way and it also improves the
individual performance.
 Esteem needs – It includes the confidence, achievements and the self respect that an
employee gain within an organisation so that they work effectively. In Ryanair leader can
give the rewards for the person who are giving the productive results to the company can
provide the recognition and promotion so that others also get motivated and give their
best so that all the work can be done in an productive way and results are come in a
proficiency way.
 Self-actualization needs – It shows a higher level need of a person where they earn what
they desire and develop their skills and knowledge according to that. In context of
Ryanair every team member focus on their skills so that they get specialized by regularly
doing that activity and make the image of the organisation on a high level in the
marketplace. In this every employees are mainly focus on satisfying the customer’s needs
so that they improve their marketing skills and get their position strong.
Process theory refers to that theory in which an individual emphasis on improving their personal
skills to get the higher and positive results. In this Ryaniar use the Expectancy theory that can be
shown below. This theory is very helpful in achieving the targets because a person self
motivation is inspire them to effective work(Salas-Vallina, Alegre and Fernandez, 2017).
Vroom expectancy theory
This theory helps in showing the behavior of an individual to perform a task for
maximize the proficiency and pleasure and reducing the pain and discomfort. It involves three
aspects i.e. valance, instrumentality and the expectancy(Mohammad and et. al., 2015).
 Valance – it is the first step where every individual motivates and encourage towards the
specified term of value and because of this they can fulfills the task in an effective way.
In case of the Ryanair leader and a manager can encourage the individual member of a
team as per their satisfaction level i.e. some prefer monetary value and some non-
monetary value. According to this they can motives the employees for completion the
goal and maintain their market image.

 Instrumentality – It is the second step where a manager of a Ryanair can encouraged the
individual person according to their actions and behavior of completion the task. So that
each team members can give their best for complete the task and earns a high amount of
profits in an appropriate manner.
 Expectancy – As a name suggest in this a employee can expect the job satisfaction and
recognition to stay in the company and due to this manager of a Ryanair can motivates
and encourages them as per their expectation level so that they do the work with their full
efforts and helps in achieving the task to earns a high a amount of profits.
It is to be evaluated that the use of motivational theories in a company can helps in enhancing the
performance of the employees so that they give effective results to the company. it also helps in
maintaining the effective team which is more essential to manage and maintain the healthy
environment in the working place. here power, politics and culture place an important role
because without the use of effective power, politics and culture no employees get motivated
towards the work,
LO3
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
Team – It refers to a group of an individual who are agreed to work together for achieving a
common goal with their different skills and knowledge within an organisation is called a team. It
helps in maximize the strength of an individual to perform better and minimize the weaknesses
of reducing the task achievement. In teams all individual is personally responsible for their
effective and ineffective outcomes. In case of Ryanair it involves various types of teams that can
be shown below(Gabriel and et. al., 2015).
 Problem solving team – A group of a person that is assembled to solve the particular
problem that is arisen within an organisation. To effectively deal with the issues company
make a problem solving team. With the reference of Ryanair manager can make and
develop a team to solve the issues that was arisen within operations of the business for
achieving the targets and maintain the survival within a particular company.
 Functional team- This type of teams can be developed on a permanent basis in these
individuals are assigned the work as per tier abilities and skills so that they can perform

their functions in an effective way and helps in earning the profits. In case of Ryanair this
type of team is made to design the task as per the skills and capabilities so that it can
improve the individual performance and reach the desired goals.
 Virtual teams- It refers to that type of team which can be made to work collaborate but
in different areas and in this they are connected with the use of digital technology. In this
Ryanair can make a team and every individual of a team can be located in different
location so that they can communicate with each other and analyse the problems and
opportunities for enhancing the market share.
By analyzing all types of teams Ryanair could use all types of teams as per the demand and
situation arise within the company so that they can easily achieve the task. It will positively
affect the individual performance and also helps in giving the efficient results. if these teams are
not made appropriately than the firm may face major lose and cannot complete the target on a
given time(Elsmore, 2017).
Comparison between effective and ineffective teams
Basis Effective teams Ineffective teams
Concepts This type of teams shows the
success and growth within the
enterprise and also helps in
enhancing the quality and
quantity of work of an
individual person.
It defines that term which does
not shows the clear vision and
set mission within the firm so
that employees give their
quality work because of this
firm may face loss.
Performance Effective teams can positively
and effectively impacts the
performance of an employee
that shows the desired results
in a specified time period.
The performance of an
individual in this type of team
is negatively affects because
of no set rules and proper
guidelines due to these goals
cannot be completed within
the company.
Transformation of
information
It involves the effective
communication as there is
It cannot includes the two way
communication that means

equal right to the employees to
take participation in decision
making and share their ideas
and suggestion for reaching
the targets.
here, employees have no right
to share their ideas and
problems because of this
individual is demotivated and
cannot work effectively.
Tuckman theory of team development
It refers to the team development theory that is established and founded by the Dr. Bruce
Tuckman in which five frameworks are included that can be shown in the background of the
Ryanair to develop their teams and achieves the targets on time(Bakotić, 2016).
 Forming - It is the primary step in this individuals in a business firm cannot know each
other they are trying and analyzing to know the behavior of an other persons so that they
can sustain and work effectively within the organisation. In context of Ryanair, leader
can take a whole responsibility to helps their employees so that they can recognize each
other behavior and actions by setting the rules and guidelines. This helps the leaders and
other team members to know the abilities and capabilities of doing a particular task so
that it is easy to provide the training for achieving the task.
 Storming – It is the second step that helps in showing the maintenance of relations
between every employee in the working environment. In this Ryanair, leader can provide
the right to give their suggestions and ideas for completing the task and from number of
ideas a manger can select the suitable one. This will create a conflicts among the team
members due to this manager provides the counseling to the team mates so that they can
share their problems and enhance their thinking power so that they give innovative and
productive results. This helps in making the effective team and completing the work in
an appropriate time.
 Norming – At this step leader of a Ryanair can understand the comfort zone of their team
members so that it is easy for them to maintain the trust due to which they can complete
the project in an effective way. In this they know how to motivates and encourage
individuals to earns a high amount of profits. This helps in maintaining the effective team
within an organisation.

 Performing – In this aspect the leader of a Ryanair can focus and evaluating the
performance of staff members so that they can encourage for the extra productive work
and task can be completed quickly. In this a leader can provide the rewards to their
employees for effective and productive working so that they complete the goal in an
specified time period.
 Adjourning – It is the last steps where team can be dissolve because task can be
achieved. In this Ryanair leader can organize a session where employee are invited and
share their experience related to the work so that in future negative points can be
removed and positive aspects can be encouraged. This will helps in enhancements of the
productive work and reduce the conflicts.
LO4
P4 Apply context and philosophies of organisational behavior within an organisational context
and given business situation
Path goal theory – Refers to that the theory that helps in showing the effective leadership style
that is helpful in achieving the targets and maintains the healthy culture within the organisation.
In context of Ryanair this theory or model helps in maintain the decorum with the critical
situation regarding the benefits of pilots that is withdraw by the organisation, due to this they
cannot work effectively at this time leader plays the significant responsibility to encourage the
workers for not stopping the work and give their best towards the achievement of the goal. So it
is helpful in restructuring the organisation and maintains the culture within the working
environment(Ndubueze and Akanni, 2015).
 Achievement – This style of leadership shows that manager can give the task to their
employees on a deadline and ask them to complete this in an effective way. At this time
leaders can implement this application to reach the short term objectives but it cannot
shows the effective style of leadership in deciding the proper path in this current business
situation. Because employees are demotivated with not receiving the benefits and due to
this style is not appropriate to solve this problem.
 Supportive – It Refers to that leadership which shows the supports from the superior side
in this context Ryanair employees wants supports to fulfills their needs and who listen

their problems so that they feel secure and perform their task in an effective manner. In
this business situation of withdrawing the benefits by the company of pilots leader can
supports the employees and convey their message to the manager so that they get fulfilled
the needs and they do their work very effectively.
 Directive – It refers to that leadership style in this Ryanair leader can directs the task to
their subordinates without their participation in the decision making process. This style of
leadership is not appropriate in this situation because they already get demotivated and if
this style is used than they leave the organization and this will reduce the image of the
company in the marketplace.
 Participative – In this style of leadership of the path-goal theory there is a right of the
employees to take participation in the process of decision making process. Thos style of
leadership is not suitable as their the decision are related to the employees where only
manager give their orders to solve the problems so that all the members do their task in
an effective manner.
Social capital – This leadership style helps in developing the relations with the other persons
like from the customers so that they can attract the large number of customer who can purchase
the products and services to the company and helps in enhancing the profits and sales of the
organization. In context of the Ryanair the manager of a company can focus on giving the
training to their employees so that they will satisfy the customer’s needs and wants about the
services they given. At the time of restructuring the business they need to hire employees who
have good knowledge regarding the satisfaction of the people so that company earns a high
amount of profits.
Contingency theory – it refers to that theory of leadership that helps in showing the use of the
leadership style as per the situation arise so that targets can be achieved in an appropriate
manner. in this company will face the issue of withdrawing the pilots benefits because of this
they cannot focus on their work and secondly the employees cannot satisfied the customer needs
due to this sales of the company affects to solve the problem venture can use the supportive
leadership style at the time o restructuring the organisation so that they can earn high amount of
revenues and longer sustainability in the marketplace(Bailey and et. al., 2017).

CONCLUSION
From the above report it is to be concluded that the organisational behavior is a
prominent term to know the behavior of an individual and teams members at the time of
accomplishing the targets. It includes the various culture, power and politics to know the
organisation environment that will effectively encourage the person to do a task in an effective
and efficient way. It suggest the content and process theory that is helpful in enhancing the
performance of an individual by satisfying their basic and personal needs so that they will be
satisfied with the company and their job. It includes the effective and ineffective teams that helps
in showing the success level and that helps in develops the team by using team development
model. It also helps in giving the concepts and philosophies like path goal theory to enhance the
performance of employees within a particular business situation and maintain their trust level
with the business firm(Canning and Found, 2015).

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