Organisational Behaviour

This document explores the concept of organisational behaviour and its impact on individual and team behaviour. It evaluates how culture, politics, and power can control team behaviour and presentation. It also measures how process and content theories help in achieving business goals and objectives. Additionally, it explains the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of teams. The document covers various theories and models related to organisational behaviour and provides insights into the case of Sainsbury's, a well-known company in the UK.

Organisational Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Evaluate how culture, politics and power can control individual as well as team behaviour
and presentation......................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P2 Measure how process & content theory attain goals and objectives of business
organisation............................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P3 Explain team effective as well as ineffective....................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P4 Concern diverse philosophies and theories of organisational behaviour in reference of
organisation............................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
Books and Journals...............................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is determined as a method through that the organisation analyse
the attitude of people for performing different task at workplace. There is various kind of
function which is included in organisation behaviour like controlling and monitoring the
individual person. This report is approved upon the Sainsbury’s. It is the second well known
company which is located in UK. They provide wide range of goods as well as to its user for
fulfilling their needs. The current report will determine regarding politics, power and culture
which enforces direct influence on Organisation. In addition to this, there is various model as
well as theory which are discussed in order to offer favourable environment within business
organisation is discussed in this report (O'Grady, 2018).
TASK 1
P1 Evaluate how politics culture and power can control team behaviour and presentation
There are different factors like politics, culture and power that influences express effect on
productivity of company. Every organisation performs task in various ways for gaining vision in
short span of time. There are various managers who follow their own method in order to prompt
staff towards increasing productivity and profitability during the time period. Sainsbury’s is the
famous company of UK that deal with variety of product as well as services. Thus, it is vital for
business organisation to bring optimistic atmosphere within organisation in order to motivate
employees to work towards better services to its customer. Therefore the concept related to
culture, politics as well as power of company that is discussed beneath:
Culture
There is different kind of method that is followed by organisation to execute task in better
way. It affects both positive as well as negative effect enforces on individual person at
workplace. If the manager of company provides equal treatment to all staff it help them in bring
positive atmosphere at workplace. Whereas, if company do not provide opportunity to its staff to
express their views as well as idea in front of the senior manager then and it reduces the
involvement or engagement of staff in taking effective decision of the company. It is crucial for
Company to create encouraging ambience within business organisation. In context of
Sainsbury’s the culture which is adopted by manager that is given below:

Power: In this process, it is necessary for employees as well as manager to follow several
rules as well as regulation in order to take effective decisions for success as well as growth of the
company. It is considered as a strong culture for Sainsbury’s in order to take decision in quick
manner (Wong and Wong, 2017).
Task Culture: Herein the manager assigns work to individual person for accomplishing
objective in stipulated period of time. The team member also focuses on resolving the particular
issue as well as problem related to completing the project.
Person culture: In this culture the individual person are determined as superior as well as
unique for organisation. It has been stated that it is a bunch of individual person who perform
their work for comparable business organisation.
Role culture: It is based ahead quite a few system and regulation. In addition to this
every individual person understand their work as well as task within organisation. It is
considered as usually rigid.
It is necessary for Sainsbury’s to offer positive impression to its assistant for boosting
productivity in upcoming time period. They also focuses on providing reward, bonus to its staff
for motivate them towards their goals.
Hofstead cultural dimensions models
Culture is consists of knowledge, beliefs, values and thoughts which are related to
employees meetings and relationships in the originations which are important for maintains of
good working environment in firm. This will also helpful in maintains of working environment
and will leads to comfortable in positive attitude in business functions and operations.
Masculinity vs. femininity: this is related to difference in culture according to gender in
firm. This sated that there must be both type of gentled in firm for maintenance of good culture
and positive environment in firm. In context Sainsbury’s there is perfect balance between male
and female ratio because males do works which are related to weight and female do the work
related to management or operational.
Individualism vs. collectivism: this point states that firm should use cooperative efforts
rather than individual efforts because this will help firm in making polices as larger level. In
Sainsbury’s they always pay attention to supportive in collective environment which will help in
more growth and building number of opportunities for firm.

Uncertainty avoidance Index: business is surrounded by dynamic situations which is
consist of dynamic situations and this concept states that for maintain of good culture firm have
to prepare itself against their uncertainty. This will help Sainsbury’s in avoidance of uncertainties
and will lead to secured future of firm.
Long term orientation: This is directly related to creation and maintains of good
relationship between employees for achievement of positive output from increase in performance
of employee this also help Sainsbury’s in getting its employee motivated all with increase
working efficiency.
Politics
Politics is considered as an activity which is used for distracting those employees who
carry out their effort in improved style. It imposes adverse influence on productivity at
workplace. Therefore it is vital for manager of Sainsbury’s to eliminate these kinds of politics for
boosting productivity. There are several methods through which subordinate get affected that is
going to be given:
Demotivation of employees: In the company, if the staff who included in the politics are
appraised by manager then it demotivate those individual who make full contribution towards
achieving objective of company.
Productivity is reduced: The employee who are concerned in politics then they do not carry
out their assignment in improved way. Therefore it reduces the level of productivity within
business organisation during the period of time. Therefore due to inner politics it decreases the
productivity as well as efficiency level. It eliminates and sales profitability in future time period
Ambience is spoiled: Organisation politics produce unpleasant ambience inside organisation.
There are various employees who do not perform their work in better manner and get engaged in
inner politics and making fun of other employees, abusing other than it is not possible for them
to complete organisation purpose in short time.
In reference of Sainsbury’s the manager focuses on reducing such type of politics within
business organisation in order to amplify productivity and abundance (AZAM and KUMAR,
2016).
Power

Power is measured as a capacity of a person to authorise other person to perform their
activity in a successful style. There are several manager of company who manage various
elements in relation to HR, marketing, finance as well as operations and many more in order to
take useful choice which will be beneficial for organisation. There are various powers which is
given to director of company
Legitimate power: In this power the supervisor have influence of their position. They
focuses on comply instruction as well as monitoring the structure
Reward Power: The manager give awards, appraisal or bonus to its workers in order to
inspire them towards gaining goal as well as objective in short span of time.
Referent Power: Referent power involves the authority that helps in attracting other
individual person and creates loyalty and trust in them
Informational Power: It is necessary to identify the strategy and tactics of competitor for
carry out task in actual way. Therefore it is considered as a power of possessing effective
information. Therefore it is necessary for the individual person to have necessary information in
order to take effective decision which will be useful for growth of the organisation.
Expert Power: This power arises when the individual person possesses the effective
information expertise as well is knowledge in the field of business as well as market
There are a variety of powers which is offered to manager of Sainsbury for carry out the
function in actual way. In context of Sainsbury they adopt reward power for motivate workforce
towards work.
TASK 2
P2 Measure how process & content theory attain goals and objectives of business organisation.
Motivation of employees is considered as a process in which intensity, strategy
competence, creativity that must be accessible in the subordinate of organisation (Selamat,
Nordin and Fook, 2017). It is important for supervisor to encourage employee in order to
increase efficiency level at workplace. The management team of Sainsbury’s centre on
increasing employee in order to accomplish goals of Organisation. There are various theories as
well as concept which are given for stimulate workforce towards work. There are two variety of
motivation offer to subordinates like intrinsic as well is extrinsic motivation. The advantages of

this category of motivation offer positive atmosphere within business organisation that is given
below:
Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation
It is considered as a category of motivation
which arises from the inner need of an
individual person and they do not require any
type of additional efforts or contribution. It is
the type of motivation which is considered as a
unique or rare but advantageous for business
organisation.
In case of extrinsic motivation the motivation
which is arise from different external elements
such as power, bonus, money, and success as
well as many more (Brem, 2017).
Motivational Theories: There is diverse assumption or concepts which are assessed for
inspiration of employees. It is necessary to assess the ability of an individual person and their
attitude towards work. Therefore there are diverse theories that are used by Organisation for
inspect the performance of an individual person towards their work. There are diverse category
of motivational theories which is adopted by sensory which is going to be mentioned below
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory: This theory was given by American theorist named as
Abraham Maslow in the year of 1950. It is needed to perform the demand of workers at
workplace. The director focuses on pleasing the requirement at each stage. The main reason of
manager is to encourage employee for performing their employment in superior method.
Therefore there is different level involved in this model that is given beneath
Physiological needs: This is the first stage of Maslow theory it includes the requirement
of employees that is necessary to fulfilled for executing their work in better way. Therefore the
need includes water food as well as that encourages employee for realize purpose in
predetermined phase of instance.
Safety & security Needs: This level includes safety and security requirement. It is needed
for company to offer protection to subordinate by providing that medical benefit health insurance
and so on. It encourages employees for executive their work or task in an effective manner
Social Needs: After satisfying both the need then it is required for organisation to fulfil
person at workplace. An individual person needs social recognition as well as peace of mind for

performing their task. In reference of Sainsbury’s employees are offered all those advantages that
help them in achieving good reputation within society.
Esteem Needs: In this level the manager focuses on providing self respect, status as well
as prestige to an individual person for encouraging them towards work. The executive of
Sainsbury’s emphasised on providing rewards, recognition to its staff for amplify their
enthusiasm.
Self-Actualization Needs: In this stage, the requirement as well as demand of person is
fulfilled. It is the responsibility of manager of Sainsbury’s to motivate workers to complete
charge in enhanced way for accomplish all these above mentioned needs.
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: This theory was founded by Victor vroom in the year of
1964. There are three aspects which occupied in this theory which is mentioned below:
Expectancy: As per this theory, it is necessary for an individual person to get better
quality for carry out their employment at workplace. If the subordinate are not able to perform
their work and task in an effective manner then work get affected. It is necessary to pick up the
superiority of employment in order to augment the level of presentation within organisation
(Olsen, 2018).
Instrumentality: It has been stated that the person get enthused when they are attracted
towards their work within organisation. The directors of Sainsbury furnish opportunity to staff to
obtain component in taking decision which will be beneficial for company.
Valence: Herein every individual person has various experiences therefore the
subordinate of Sainsbury’s get motivated by assessing the need and requirement of an individual
person in an effective manner. They also provide reward as well as appraisal to is employees
based on their performance.
In reference of Sainsbury there are approx 440000 subordinate perform their work within
business organisation. It is necessary to make effective contribution in relation to various
strategy, human resource as well as planning for success as well as growth of Sainsbury’s.
Therefore it is compulsory for director of company to take on different kind of motivational
theory by resolving the problems expression by them during the period of time. Apart from this
the organisation introduce S level program for encouraging individual person. Then they start A
level program for their career succession (Loosemore and Lim, 2016).

TASK 3
P3 Explain team effective as well as ineffective.
Team is considered as a group of individual person who perform their employment
together for realize objective. It is necessary to have an effective team in order to enlarge
efficiency and effectiveness at workplace. In reference of Sainsbury it has been stated that
manager focuses on building sturdy group for carry out purpose in short time. There are two kind
of team available within business organisation was effective as well as in effective team. The
feature of both this teams is diverse that is given beneath;
Ineffective team do not clarify their objective. The individual person of ineffective team
does not set their objective they want to achieve in future time period. Therefore it creates
conflicts as well as grievances among the member. Thus, it obliges adverse force on presentation
of organisation during the period of time. Effective team are considered as those who set their
objective or goals in a better way. Then, the team member performs their work in such a manner
for realize goal.
Tuckman Theory of team development:
This story was founded by Bruce Tuckman in the year of 1965. This is the model which
signifies that the member of team must have the person who has expertise in exact pitch. This
theory contains five level related to development of team that is given beneath:
Forming: In first level, there are different task assigned to its team member in order to
perform work. There are diverse kinds of elements included in this theory such as gathering
effective information, planning and implementing. There are various kinds of people who have
come from various heritage and they need time to understand each other.
Storming: Herein the manager of the company allots task and activity to its subordinate
in order to complete the project in timely manner. There are chances of increasing grievances as
well as conflict among the team member (Kang and Lee, 2017).
Norming: In this stage the individual person performs their employment based on the
rules as well as value.
Performing: This is the stage used by intensity of independence, motivation ability, skill
as well as knowledge therefore the member of team focuses on completing their project in timely
manner.

Adjourning: At last the member of team completed their project in timely member and
they get separated.
It is obligatory to manage team for performing unlike activity and function in an
successful style. This supervisor of Sainsbury does emphasise on structure effective team in
order to co-ordinate the different task in proper manner. In addition to this it is necessary to
manage conflict as well as grievances arises at workplace.
M. Belbin model
The theory focuses on role of team member in order to assess the behaviour or attitude of
an individual person in the particular group the role of the team is categorised into three parts as
well as the team focuses on accomplishing objective within stipulated period of time. There are
nine role of team that is going to be mentioned:
Shaper here in the role of team member is dynamic or changeable in which the main
purpose of the companies to bring the positive attitude towards performing the work as well as
finding the favourable method to overcoming from the issue as well as challenges which is
confronted by team member. It increases the communication skill as well as encouraging the
member of team.
Implementer: It is necessary for organisation to implement the ideas or belief in order to
convert them into the actual plans therefore the individual person who implement something new
within business organisation and bring changes increases success as well as growth in upcoming
time period.
Finisher the role of individual person is considered as a perfectionist or finisher who
focuses on removing the error or mistakes that is confronted by the member of team in order to
resolve them.
Coordinator the main purpose of member of team is to co-ordinate with other member in
order to perform their work in a better manner and fulfil their obligation within given time.
Team worker herein the individual person lead the whole team in order to resolve their
issues and bring positive environment at workplace it help in taking effective decision during the
period of time.
Resorts investigators herein the manager of the company focuses on improving the
external connection with the other person in order to gather information which is helpful in
taking effective decision.

Evaluator the focus is on motivating the member of team in order to take effective decision
which will be beneficial for the organisation.
Specialist here in the worker focuses on taking expertise in specific field or area in order to
manage the professional standard.
Plants are considered as innovative team member they bring the ideas as well as belief in
order to resolve the problem or an issue which is confronted by the member of team it is
necessary for plants to perform their work alone just because of poor communication skill which
adversely affect the performance of business organisation.
TASK 4
P4 Concern diverse philosophies and theories of organisational behaviour in reference of
organisation.
Organisation behaviour is measured as a course through which the manager of company
assesses performance of person at workplace. It involves different kind of elements like custom,
tradition as well as value and many more. In addition to this the main purpose of manager is to
realize aspiration and objective in timely mode and encourages subordinate on regular basis. In
reference of Sainsbury’s the supervisor of organisation adopts different kind of theory as well as
concept that is going to be mentioned below:
Business Condition: In reference of Sainsbury it is necessary to have a good
communication among the employees for augment the presentation level of organisation in an
effective manner. If the communication is not good then it produces conflict and complaints
between the persons (Sanders and Lin, 2016). It is necessary for organisation to resolve the
conflict and issues which is confronted by the manager in order to amplify presentation within
organisation. It assists in increasing growth of the company in actual way. Therefore it is
necessary to tackle the situation in a successful method by adopting path goal theory that is given
beneath:
Path Goal Theory
It is necessary to have a good communication among the employees for boosting
performance of company in an effective manner. If the communication is not good then it
generates conflict as well as grievances between the team members. It is necessary for

organisation to resolve the conflict and tissue which is confronted by the manager for boosting
productivity at workplace. It aid assistance in make better success and development of company
in imminent time phase. Hence it is vital to tackle situation in better way by adopting this theory
that is beneath:
Categorization of Path Goal Theory
Employee Characteristics: In reference of Sainsbury’s in reference of Sainsbury it is
necessary for supervisor to assess demand of subordinate for encouraging on continuous basis.
Employee encouragement is considered as a process in which intensity strategy competence and
commitment that is present in the subordinate of corporation. It is critical for supervisor to
prompt workforce for greater than ever productivity within organisation. The director of
company emphasize on increasing and clause in order to accomplish objective of Organisation in
small distance of instance. There is various theory as well as concept which are given for
encouraging subordinate to carry out their employment in well again mode. There is various type
of motivation that includes intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
Environment and Task attribute: In this element the leader focuses on the issue as well
as problem which is confronted by staff at workplace. The top management of company
emphasize on the problems which are confronted by employees in order to resolving them and
create encouraging functioning atmosphere at place of work. It helps them in growing growth of
the organisation in upcoming phase of instant. Therefore it is compulsory for director of
Sainsbury’s to resolve all the issues and problems of staff in order to improve their work within
Organisation in better way (MacKie, 2017).
Leadership Behaviour: In this element the leader focuses on the issue as well as
problem which are confronted by staff at workplace. The top management of company
emphasize on the problems which are confronted by employees in order to resolving them and
create optimistic operational surroundings at place of work It helps them in escalating growth of
the organisation in upcoming period of time. Therefore it is required for director of Sainsbury’s
to resolve all the issues along with problems of staff in order to improve their work within
Organisation in better way.
In context of supervisor of Sainsbury they emphasized on prefer the largely suitable method
of leadership which is considered as a participative leadership style. In this style the manager
provide opportunity to its employee in order to take decision of organisation in order to increase

success along with growth in future phase of time. It aids assistance in improving favourable
atmosphere and focuses on resolving the issues as well as problem which is faced by the workers
at place of work. In addition to this, it is a kind of Style imposes both favourable as well as
adverse impact on the environment. And also avoid the error as well as conflicts by growing
output level at place of work. On the other hand, if conflict as well as grievances among the team
member that imposes negative impact on the presentation level of the corporation. Thus, it is the
central factor for the company to manage the conflict in order to amplify succession as well as
growth in future phase of period (Geppert, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the given report it is assessed that it is vital to analyse the attitude of the person which
influences effect on performance of the company. In assistance of this, there is various kind of
function which is included in organisation behaviour like controlling and monitoring the
individual person. It is also essential for supervisor to assess the requirement of subordinate for
bring favourable atmosphere at workplace. There are various kinds of models and concept used
by company in order to satisfy the requirement of subordinate in an appropriate manner. Through
the effective team it helps the company in executing the different kind of work in an effective
manner for finish goal in predetermined phase of period.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
O'Grady, S., 2018. Organisational citizenship behaviour: Sensitization to an organisational
phenomenon. Journal of nursing management, 26(7), pp.795-801.
Wong, Y.W. and Wong, Y.T., 2017. The effects of perceived organisational support and
affective commitment on turnover intention. Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management.
AZAM, S. and KUMAR, R., 2016. Influence of human resource management practices on
organisational citizenship behaviour. CLEAR International Journal of Research in Commerce &
Management, 7(12).
Selamat, N., Nordin, N. and Fook, C.Y., 2017. Organisational Justice and Organisational
Citizenship Behaviour: Evidence from A Developing Country. Global Business & Management
Research, 9.
Kretsos, L. and Livanos, I., 2016. The extent and determinants of precarious employment in
Europe. International journal of manpower.
Loosemore, M. and Lim, B.T.H., 2016. Intra-organisational injustice in the construction
industry. Engineering, construction and architectural management.
Kang, M. and Lee, M.J., 2017. Absorptive capacity, knowledge sharing, and innovative
behaviour of R&D employees. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 29(2), pp.219-
232.
Sanders, K. and Lin, C.H., 2016. Human resource management and innovative behaviour:
considering interactive, informal learning activities. In Human resource management, innovation
and performance (pp. 32-47). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
MacKie, D., 2017. Connecting coaching and positive organisational psychology research.
Olsen, E., 2018. Influence from organisational factors on patient safety and safety behaviour
among nurses and hospital staff. International Journal of Organizational Analysis.
Geppert, M., 2017. Beyond the Learning Organisation: Paths of Organisational Learning in the
East German Context: Paths of Organisational Learning in the East German Context.
Routledge.
Brem, A., 2017. Creativity and routine: Conceptual considerations on managing organisational
ambidexterity in entrepreneurial ventures. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and
Innovation Management, 21(3), pp.261-273.