Organizational Behavior: Culture, Power, and Motivation

This study material explores the impact of organizational culture, politics, and power on individual and team behavior and performance. It discusses various motivational theories and techniques for effective goal achievement. It also covers different types of organizational teams and the role of technology in team development. The subject is Organizational Behavior.

Organizational
behavior

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Organization’s culture, politics and power can influence individual and team behavior and
performance.............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Theories of motivation and motivational techniques that assist effective achievement of goals.........5
P3 organizational teams...........................................................................................................................8
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior to a given business situation........................13
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behavior is the inclusion of the individual activity and performance within
an organization. Organizational behavior includes the explanation of human behavior at a
workplace and identifies its impact on job performances, leadership, communication, structure,
motivation etc. It also involves the interface between the organization and human behavior.
Organizational behavior includes their four major elements such as people, technology, structure
and external environment. Waitrose is a large supermarket company. It is a big brand of British
supermarkets. It deals in selling groceries as a British’s biggest employee owned retailer. Its
headquarters in United Kingdom, Bracknell. Waitrose’s head offices are situated in England,
Victoria and Bracknell. Waitrose is a largest familiar retailer in the UK. This report will include
the analysis of the impacts of culture, power and policies on the performance and behavior of
individual and team. This report will also highlight the theories of motivation and motivational
techniques that assist individual and teams to effectively achieve an organizational goals and
objectives. This report will also state about the understanding of what develops a best team as
contrasting to an ineffective team. This report will also include the philosophies and concepts of
organizational behavior within Waitrose and its situation.
MAIN BODY
P1 Organization’s culture, politics and power can influence individual and team behavior and
performance
Organization culture is important for all organization and it is efficiency towards all
individual and team behavior of organization. Organization includes culture, politics and powers
its influence by organization.
Classification of culture
Organization culture includes power, role, task and person and this are important culture
of organization. Its affect the influence of individual, team and performance of organization.

Power culture
Power culture is important for organization performance and it is play effective role of
company. Power culture is important and its crucial to complete organization is located in the
center of influence of organization. Organization with this sort of culture in organization and to
respond to all events and the usually are heavily depend on the success of the abilities of the
people and behavior of organization (McShane and et.al., 2018). Organization culture is [plays a
vital role for Waitrose company. In organization with, many specific culture and performance is
evaluated on results so organization understands of all needs under performance. Employed in
such organization requires all employees appropriately anticipate precisely performance of
organization. Under the organization, if manager get this culture right it can lead to satisfied and
happy organization. It’s very extreme commitment to the all corporate goals of organization.
Task culture
Organization culture includes task culture and it is important culture of organization. This
activity cultures project oriented and it is essential for individual and team performance of
organization. Task culture is associated with all organization that adopt project-based on
structural designs. It is main influence of organization. Task culture depends on the unifying
power of the groups to improve efficiency and it is also help the individual identify with the all
objectives of organization.
Person culture
Person culture is important for organization. Within this culture the all person may be the
focal point and it’s organize the framework of organization. In organization is developing a best
and new task culture so this are important for organization. This better influence of individual
and team behavior performance of organization.
Role culture
This type of cultures shares a number of al factors and role culture is essential for
organization culture. The efficiency of this type of culture is determined by the all rationality of

the allocation and responsibility of indicial performance of organization (Simonsen and
Steffensen., 2019).
Organizational cultures have main impact on many variety of organization process and
performance of company., manger and leaders are influence the organization culture for
individual and team performance of organization. Its create a beater impact on Waitrose
organization. Organization development is depending on identification of all factors. This is
essential for all organization. Culture ideas must be shared in the company. A company culture is
defined values and mission each day and strong culture produce employs Better performance of
organization.
Organization politics has main impact on individual and team behavior and performance
of organization. Organizational politics refers to the all variety of activity associated with the sue
of influence to improve organizational and personal interest. Organization politics are unofficial,
frequently and casual behind the attempts to sell ideas and its impact on organization efficiency
and achieve all objective of company. That politics is a form of diversity of passions and d all
interest must be resolve in many ways under organization. It is important for organization to,
mange all political environment and it is important for all individual and team behavior and
performance of organization. Employee and management are more likely see organization as
politics and this are essential for organization to decrees ambiguity. Organizational performance
can be increased by trying to providing an all working environment is frère of politics in their
Waitrose organization.
Organization power can influence the individual and team behavior and performance of
organization and this are important for organization. Organization power is very essential in
better performance of company (Mydin and et.al., 2018). Power and politics are integrated
processes and that have to be, managed and used effectively I order to achieve organizational
goals. Organizational power is universal constant and it is needed to run most trivial functions of
organization. It is import foe better performance of individual and team behavior of organization.
Organization’s culture, politics and power is main influence of individual and team behavior and
performance of Waitrose organization. The employees are achieving all goals of organization
and to create a beater environment of business to understand organization culture.

P2 Theories of motivation and motivational techniques that assist effective achievement of goals
Motivation theory:
Effective motivational techniques and motivation theories plays a crucial role in the
highly achievement of organizational goals and objectives in a very efficient way.
Intrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation is including internal desires to perform a job; people to certain all
activities because it gives them develop a particular skill and pleasure so this are important
motivation of organization.
Extrinsic motivation
This aspect is related to the external to the person and unrelated to task they may by
perfuming in organization. Example includes good marks mad rewards (Sonnentag and Pundt.,
2016).
Motivational content theories
These theories include Maslow, Herzberg and Alderfer.
Maslow theory is considered the father of needs depended on motivation theory and it is
one of the best motivation theory of organization. Maslow is proposed a five level of hierarchy
of needs and it is essential for the accomplishment of a completely satisfied all person. All needs
are security, love, esteem, self-actualization and physiological. This is important needs of
Maslow theory. Physiological needs are defining as the standard of human needs and this e needs
needed for human survival. Its include water, food and breathing. Safety needs are needs which
create a predictability and stableness in lives such as health and wellbeing, personal and financial
security and employment access to all resource. Belonging needs are related to the scale
interaction and social relationship and it’s including facility and friendship. Esteem needs is
related to the self-esteem and value of the needs. Self-actualization needs that reelected to the
individual achieves and when all other needs have been meet of organization. Maslow identifies
the many features that self-actualized (Moczydłowska., 2016). Its include autonomy independent
of culture and environment and impulse. It assists the organization by encouraging large

employees base and also motivate them to conduct highly innovative and creative techniques in
their operational activities.
Herzberg
This theory influenced by Maslow and this theory of determination the motivation-
hygiene principle. This theory identified the dimensions of conditions such as herein and
motivations factors. Motivators are intrinsic factor with the nature of work itself such as
reputation, responsibility, growth and achievement. This factor is intrinsic factor and with lead
to job satisfaction. It provides a huge satisfaction to the employees and also inspires them to
involve in high productive techniques. It also inspires them to achieve company’s goals in a very
high level. Hygiene factor is associated with the Maslow’s lower level needs and to do not lead
to necessarily to motivation or satisfaction. Many types of hygiene factors include direction,
company policy and administration and relationship with the supervisors. This theory is
important for motivation of employees in the organization.
Clayton Alderfer
This theory Maslow’s hierarch of needs into many categories such as relatedness
including love and esteem, growth which include self-actualization and existence which include
Maslow’s safety needs and physiological. This theory allows for many people to pursue their
needs in a very subjective order and this are main theory of motivation.
Process theories of motivation
This theory includes vroom, Adams, Latham and Locke.
Vroom’s theory
This theory of cognitive decision making and behavior outline and this include many
features of motivation expectancy, instrumentality and valence. This is main facture of this
motivation theory (Malingumu and et.al., 2016). Valance is just strength of want for the
perceived result. Expectancy is the idea of that can actually achieve the all desired final result
and instrumentality ids the fact by completing all certain steps and all the specifies outcome will
have achieved. This theory is important for motivation theories.

John S. Adams
This theory is essential for motivation. This is expansion of fastener’s cognitive
dissonance theory. This equity theory depended on the notion individuals are most satisfied in all
association boot professional and personal. The condition of work, this can imply that a person
judges all collateral by measuring their insight to outcome ration against all employees.
Locks’ theory
Lock’s theory is main principle that the goal-setting theory and its seating moderately
difficulty, specific goals, self-assigned and individuals are challenged to expand there
[performance towards those goals. Goals seeing are important for many attributes from teams.
Seating goals also allow the employees to judge their own specific performance against the
needed to reach all goals. Measurable and specific performance goals in group can increase
performance and objectives (Gcaza and Nkanyuza., 2019). This theory is important for
motivation and its play a vital role for organization performance
Implications of motivation theory on management and leadership within organization
Motivation theory is important for organization and its play a vital role in performance of
organization. Motivating employees is a primary responsibility of management and its
motivational management enables a higher outputs and job satisfaction from all employees UN
the organization. Managers are relying on tools to steer the direction of motivation and its
included positive and negative reinforcement and positive and negative punishment. The theory
of motivation, management is in the difficult to position of identifying and fulfilling the needs
for all employees and its require distinct motivational assistance of organization.
P3 organizational teams
Different types of organizational teams
It’s including functional, problem-solving and project teams.
Functional
Cross functional teams are important for organization teams and this teams will be a
group of individual with many functional expertise’s working towards an organization coming

goals. Functional teams it’s include individual through marketing, operations, human resource
department and finance so this are effective team of organization (Chan., 2019). It is including
the all employees through the all levels of a better organization. This team is essential for
organization.
Problem-solving
This are important effective team from organization and a team of individual assembled
to operate a project that will involves resolving one or more issue which arise or offer effectively
with the issue they arise. Problem solving is important for organization and issue resolving team
will typically have formed a restricted time frame and incorporating personal from different
organizational amounts with the relevant skill unit.
Project team
Project team is important for organization team and many business operators will place a
together project team containing of skilled employees and, many function areas to function on
important project (Habeeb., 2019). This team an effective role for organization.
The impact of technology on organizational teams – the role of virtual team development
and networking
This technology is important for organization and in a virtual team; members play a three types
of roles such as
Socio-emotional roles are the main role and it help the team to build trust, work
effectively and collaborate towards is a common goal. This role includes member informally
owing their personas take theses upward. For example, some users resolve conflict and able to
encourage other.
Individual roles are related to the private needs of a team members such as desired of
control or acknowledgment (Mishra and Tripathy., 2016). These roles are considered to have
undesirable effects on collaboration and trust.

Task oriented or functional functions are main role and this role allows a team to achieve
a projects goals. This role is related to their expertise in field such as business analyst, project
supervisor and design professional etc.
Definitions of the term groups and team
Work groups and work teams
In the organization world a work team has a member who works interdependently on
specific common goals to produce for their business. A work groups is two or more who are
interdependent in their accomplishment of goals. That a team strength or focus on purpose and
individual attached to each other. Work group can a sizable number of folks to bring a focused
action of organization.
Effective team as opposed to ineffective team
Effective team Ineffective team
This is a team wherein all the goals and the
objectives of the team are well defined and
every team member knows what they have to
do.
In against of this the ineffective team is the
one which does not have clear goals and the
team members also not know what work they
have to do.
In the effective team the leaders are very
focused and they know actually how they
have to manage the work and attain all the
goals of the business.
On the flip side the ineffective team is the one
where the leader also not know the actual way
of handling the other team members.
Any team that stay collectively over the time frame will change and develop so it is
mentioned that there are three issue such as process, emotions and content so this are main
impact of development of all stage in organization.
Tuckman team development theory
Elements Description
Forming This is the stage wherein Waitrose try to

make and form the team by assimilating good
employees to accomplish the same objective.
Storming This is the stage wherein the company
Waitrose allows people of team to meet one
another and interact to know each other.
Norming Under this stage the rules and regulation are
made and this assist the team members to
know how they have to work.
Performing This stage focuses mainly on the fact that how
the team members are performing in order to
attain the objective of team.
Belbin typology for managing effective teams and considering roles and skills required for
effective teams
This model is highly effective concept on teamwork (Sendjaya and et.al., 2019). This
behavioral patterns are called team roles and many roles are cover of individual behavior are
work in a team.
Co-coordinator
This role related to the manipulation the way in which typically team moves forward the
group objectives do making a staff resources.
Monitor evaluator
This analyzing the problems, evaluating suggestions and ideas so that team is good
placed to take the balanced decision.
Team worker
Team workers include many supporting members I their strengths such as improving
communication between team and members, building on suggestions.
Specialist

This are import fro team members and feeding technical information into the all group.
It’s contributing professional viewpoints on the all matter in discussion.
Shaper
This is the role under which the people of the team tries to shape the working and continuously
tries to improve the working with respect to the changes taking place in the working
environment.
Implementer
Under this role the team members try to implement the working of the company in the direction
of the attainment of the work. Just making the plan is not enough rather it is essential for the
people within the team to implement the same thing in the intended manner.
Complete finisher
This is the role under which the major aim of the team it to completely finish the work with the
aim of the successful completion of the goal of business. This is essential as this aims at
successfully fulfilling the aim and objective of the team.
Resource investigator
This is also a major role under the team as if the role of the resource investigator is very
essential. The major reason underlying this is that without resource the company cannot work in
effective manner.
Plant
This is the team role wherein the person performing this role is very creative and brings in new
and latest ideas in order to promote the attainment of the team goals.
Soft and hard communication, co-operation and competition
Soft skills are related to the self-developed and self-taught. These skills are increasingly
import mat to all employers and this help them to know how will remain in working environment
in perform with one of their staff (Leithy., 2017).

Hard skills are referring to the individuals needs to be able to perform a particular career.
They will usually be produced thorough teach. Example of hard skills is certain software in
particular industry and fluency in overseas language etc.
Benefit and risk of teams
Better production
Better production along with the high quality of product is managed with workplace. Its
efficiency is maintained under better production.
Better solution
Better solution a firms may opt for work and it is usually to drive beater top quality and
more imaginative solutions so this are important for organization.
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior to a given business situation
Path-goal theory leadership styles that improve team performance and productivity
Path-goal management styles are work in many comparable ways and its depending on
the particular situation, serpentine from one sideline to the other or may run straight to the finish
area. There are many paths in order to the finish zones. There are various leadership styles
associated with the path-goal theory (Idrovo and Bosch., 2019).
 Directive leadership
 Achievement-oriented management
 Supportive leadership
 Participative management
Directive leadership
Directive leadership is main leadership styles associated with the path-goal theory. It is
uses a different leadership style together with the different players. Directive leadership includes
certain advice or directive and making a clear expectations of assigning duties of party. Its gives
a specific play to typically the individual and team members. An individual players include a
wide receiver, might be directed to maintain an area of the particular field. A group associated

with the certain players upon him opposing teams. This is essential leadership styles associated
with the path-goal theory. This theory influences the behavior in Waitrose as the directive theory
includes giving order to the employees and this will negatively impact the working and behavior
within the team and company.
Achievement-oriented leadership
Achievement-oriented leadership is demanding the goals are set and large performance is
expected with the management contain a high stage of employee’s confidence with the ability to
achieve this goals. This leadership style is important with associated with the path-goals theory.
This leadership style is well appropriate for quarterbacks to employ on other tem people so this is
main role of leadership style (Amah and Oyetunde., 2019). The main aim is to win the games but
there sure more compact equally important goals are the execution of take on during a game.
Achievement-oriented leadership is main leadership styles associated with the path-goal theory.
This theory affects the behavior and working in more good and effective and positive manner.
The major reason underlying this fact is that under this the major focus is on the achievement
and this does not matter that who has made the plan or strategy of attaining the objective.
Contemporary barriers to effective behavior, situational resistance, social capital theory and
contingency theory
Communication is the essential factor for all organization and it is main part to
achievement of organization goals. Its efficient communication, there are many barriers that
affect every organization faces.
Most main barriers are found in organization are as follows:
Emotional barriers
It is a min barriers affect the organization and it will be the mistrust and fear that from the
roots of our emotional barriers in organization (Chinomona, Dhurup and Joubert., 2017). As
communication effectively with the co-worker. Emotional barriers are important barriers of
organization.
Physical barriers

Physical barriers show that the many key factors we building integrated and strong team
is proximity. It is main barriers of organization. This type of barriers forbids associate from an
effective interaction along with each another so these barriers affect the whole organization.
Perceptual barriers
This is important barriers of organization and most problems faced that distinction in
thoughts and option between two people. Every individual provides arise to a purpose with
regard to an effective communication.
Cultural barriers
This barrier is made up of diverse culture and cultural barriers arise when two or more
individual in an organization belong to different states, countries and religion so this are main
barrier of organization.
Social capital theory
Social capital theory is defined as sources of internet is social relations and its usually facilities a
collective action. This theory include interpersonal capitals resources include norms, believe and
network associated with the any team (Odor., 2018).
Contingency theory
The contingency theory is defining the situational factor can affect the direct relationship
between dependent and independence variables of organizational behavior. Contingency theory
of leadership is main kind of approach which the success of leader does not only depend on
abilities under organization.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it is concluded that the effective organizational behavior is most
essential in an organization. Organizational behavior provides insight on how workers or
employees perform and behave in the workplace. It assists the organization by developing an
understating of the aspects that will encourage and motivate employees, help organizations set up
a trusting and strong relationship of employees. The positive organizational behavior improves

the employee’s performances and also motivates the dedicate employees to conduct the best
operational activities in the organization to achieve business goals and objectives.

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