Organisational Dynamics and Behaviour: A Comparative Theories Report

This report provides a critical analysis of two key theories within organisational dynamics and behaviour. It begins by examining Weiss and Cropanzano's (1996) Affective Events Theory, which explores the impact of work events on employee affect and job satisfaction, discussing its aims, methods, limitations, and conclusions. The report then delves into LeDoux's Model of Emotion, focusing on the neurological links between memory and emotions, particularly fear, and its implications for understanding mental disorders. This section covers the model's aims, methods, limitations, and conclusions, emphasizing the role of the amygdala in emotional regulation. The report concludes by highlighting the importance of psychological and behavioural theories in enhancing productivity and job satisfaction within an organisational context, suggesting that a deeper understanding of these theories can lead to improved management practices and employee well-being.

ORGANISATIONAL
DYNAMICS AND
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Weiss and Cropanzano's (1996) Affective events theory ...............................................................1
Aim .............................................................................................................................................1
Methods........................................................................................................................................1
Limitation ....................................................................................................................................2
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................2
LeDoux's Model of emotion ...........................................................................................................3
Aim .............................................................................................................................................3
Methods........................................................................................................................................3
Limitation ....................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour and practices are significantly influenced by the behaviour,
emotional and other psychological aspects related to an individual. Thus, the incorporation and
understanding of these theories in organisational practices can help to develop better
understanding of interdependency between organisational culture and behaviour. The report will
provide a critical analysis of two different theories which underpin the above mentioned aspect.
Weiss and Cropanzano's (1996) Affective events theory
Aim
As per the author it is well known and accepted that affect can be defined as the job
satisfaction. The mood and emotions are very critical factors which can influence the job
satisfaction and perspective of employees towards their jobs. However, there has been very
limited work on analysing that how affect causes job satisfaction and what are its consequences.
Along with these unevaluated aspects related to job satisfaction authors stated that the work
events can change the affective experiences and thus they control the job satisfaction.
In order to conduct the research which can answer these questions the article introduces
theory which focus on significance of work event so that affective experiences can be measured.
The introduced theory aims to determine the dispositional causes, situational factors and variety
of affective experiences which can change the performance of employees and their job
satisfaction. The authors have also used sociological and psychological theories to draw the
relevant conclusions related to the aim.
Methods
The authors have used qualitative approach for analysing the different aspect of theory.
The theory presented has been closely related with the mood and emotions. Thus, in this paper
authors have used variety and huge number of secondary sources and literature review to support
their arguments. In some context such as impact of emotions on job satisfaction the authors have
complemented their opinion with other researches while in some contexts the opinions of authors
have contrasted than past work.
The citations have been used effectively. Instead of merely using citations the authors
have also provided a critical evaluation of most of the citation which enhances the validity of
presented theory. Along with proper citations and references the authors have acknowledged the
two of the previous works as well which seems to be relataed and relevant with the theory. The
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use of secondary sources has been observed with plenty of supported evidences. It makes the
study validate and arguments can be easily considered as verified and impactful.
Limitation
One of the limitation of the proposed theory is that only secondary sources have been
used in the study to develop conclusions. The use of interviews or questionnaire could have
helped authors to present their study in more authenticated and verified manner. The secondary
data collected from the various sources has different time frame and thus inconsistency has been
there in the collected data. This inconsistency makes the theory interpretation and analysis quite
challenging and less significant.
Conclusion
It can be concluded from the “Theory of affect” that affect and job satisfaction are not
synonymous term instead they are different and interdependent. The job satisfaction is the
overall perspective of an individual towards their job. There are several constructs which decides
the job satisfaction level and affect may or may not be among those constructs. The affective
experiences is associated with the mood and emotion. The affect can vary with time and thus its
impact on the performance is also different at any particular instant of time.
It has been also analysed in the study that the job satisfaction depends upon three
different aspects namely cognitive approach, social influence theory and dispositional approach.
The extent and intensity of the moods is variable and can challenge the functional efficiency. The
theory presented in the study also explained that multiple operations can cause restlessness while
the time deadline or error variance in the operational activities can change the affect.
The nature of positive as well as negative events can also bring alteration to the mood of
an individual and thus mood swings may result in emotional reactions. It can also be concluded
from the study findings that affect is only a single aspect for the job satisfaction and it cannot
provide complete description of the job satisfaction. It has been also analysed that the interaction
of individuals with job environment and the nature of operational practices followed by the
organisational also changes the satisfaction level of employees.
The motivation and encouragement may change the behavioural and psychological aspect
of an individual. It can improve the performance without changing the affect level of employees.
Hence, it can be concluded that it is not affect which leads to job satisfaction instead it is
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sequence of work events which may challenge the satisfaction level of employees at
organisation.
LeDoux's Model of emotion
Aim
According to emotional model discussed in the paper an emphasis has been laid on the
concept that the brain as an extremely amazing power of creating link between memory and
emotions. The author stated that in the past there are several examples of the researches which
shows that the neurological pathways helps to transfer information and these processes also have
contribution in cognitive development of individuals. Though the earlier research work emphasis
on memory and other cognitive aspect related to brain but a very limited attention is paid on
emotional aspect.
The emotions are very interrelated with the memory thus this aspect must be analysed. In
this paper authors aims to analyse the mechanism which links the memory and emotions. Since
variety of mental disorders are associated with the inefficiency of the brain to control fear, the
author will accomplish the aim by conducting a study. In the study neurological paths which
helps in learning mechanism and development of fear in memory or brain area are analysed so
that hidden facts can be uncovered.
Methods
The theory has been effective in explaining the desired phenomenon of controlling fear
and its role in creating memory. The author has used qualitative research and for this purpose
secondary sources have been analysed. However, the use of citations is very limited which
makes the study less reliable. In order to explain the phenomenon the author has used causal
research design so that both the phenomenon of memory creation and emotion of fear can be
analysed and the relation between them can be evaluated. In the same context suitable examples
and findings from earlier researches has been effectively used in the study. The previous research
work has been acknowledged in the study but it could have been made more impactful by using
supporting evidences. The evidences used in the study are not supported effectively but the
demonstration of the findings through suitable case studies has helped to make research validate
and accurate.
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Limitation
There are still variety of hidden concepts which are not explained or unrevealed with the
suitable scientific theories. This can be considered as the limitation of the study because number
of hypothesis has been assumed in making predictions regarding the brain functioning. Further
the experiment was carried on rats and there were not literature evidences presented in relation
with the human beings. Thus, it can also be one of the study limitations because there might be
slight variation on the outcomes with human beings. The cognitive abilities and brain capabilities
of human is far stronger than rats or other organisms. Thus, the study findings may give variation
in the outcomes.
Conclusion
From the analysis of the theory it can be concluded that neurological study of the brain
can be helpful and only effective approach to analyse the corelation between a particular emotion
and brain memory. It has been analysed from the study that auditory cortex has minimum or
negligible role in enhancing learning process. Thus, it can be stated that auditory system helps in
transmission of sound stimulus but it does not required to reach the cortex for the accumulation
of fear or other emotional attribute. It has been also analysed from the study that amygdala plays
a crucial role in regulating the emotional behaviour of individual. The lesions in this brain
section are neurologically transmitted to heart and respiratory system as part of output stimulus.
It is also observed from the analysis that fear or shock causes conditioning response through
phyla and thus fear is dependent upon consciousness. Thus, fear can be visualised as the state or
condition of complete awareness when brain responds or senses the presence of danger. Not only
human beings but all other animals have consciousness as a pre-requisite means to emotional
state of an individual. It can also be concluded from the study that different parts of brain are
used in transmission of the neurological information and thus helps in bringing fear and other
emotions in alert or aware state.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it can be concluded that implementation of psychological and
behavioural theories in the organisational context can help to enhance the productivity and job
satisfaction.
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