Organizational Behaviour: A Case Study of BBC

This assignment delves into the intricacies of organizational behaviour, using the BBC as a case study. It explores the influence of culture, politics, and power on individual and team behaviour within the organization. The assignment also examines various motivational theories and their application in motivating individuals and teams to achieve organizational goals. Furthermore, it analyzes different types of organizational teams and their dynamics, highlighting the importance of effective teamwork. Finally, the assignment discusses key organizational concepts and philosophies, including the Path-Goal Theory, Social Capital Theory, and Contingency Theory, and identifies barriers to effective performance within the BBC.

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
BBC

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................2
PART 1..............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1- INFLUENCE OF CULTURE, POLITICS AND POWER ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF OTHERS IN
BBC...............................................................................................................................................3
INFLUENCE OF POWER, CULTURE, AND POLITICS ON THE BEHAVIOUR WITHIN BBC..............6
TASK 2- HOW TO MOTIVATE INDIVIDUALS AND TEAMS TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS................10
ROLE OF THE IMPROVED LEVELS OF MOTIVATION IN THE ATTAINMENT OF GOALS OF THE
BBC.............................................................................................................................................15
PART 2............................................................................................................................................17
TASK 3- UNDERSTANDING HOW TO COOPERATE EFFECTIVELY WITH OTHERS......................17
MAKING EFFECTIVE TEAM IN BBC............................................................................................18
TASK 4- CONCEPTS AND PHILOSOPHIES OF ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN BBC.................21
APPROPRIATE ORGANZIATIONAL CONCEPTS AND PHILOSOPHY...........................................21
MAIN BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE PERFORMANCE IN BBC..........................................................23
CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................................24
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................25
1

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Charles Handy’s Theory....................................................................................................4
Figure 2: Cultural Dimensions..........................................................................................................8
Figure 3: Types of Power...............................................................................................................10
Figure 4: Motivational Theories.....................................................................................................12
Figure 5- Maslow Hierarchy of Needs...........................................................................................13
2

INTRODUCTION
Organizational Behaviour is the phenomenon which includes several aspects of the businesses
like the influence of the different aspects, team dynamics, organisational culture, development
practices within organisation etc. which affects the way management and employees behave.
Organizational behaviour can also be defined as the actions and reactions of an organization to
the several changes occur in their internal and external business environments.
Here, for understanding this more effectively, this particular assignment aims to describe the
influence of the politics, culture and the power within an organization and the behaviours of
the people. In addition to this, the unit will also help to understand different teams, team
dynamics and different aspects involved in the business. The example taken for this purpose is
BBC which is utilised to understand the organizational behaviour with the help of the different
theories and concepts.
3

PART 1
TASK 1- INFLUENCE OF CULTURE, POLITICS AND POWER ON THE BEHAVIOUR
OF OTHERS IN BBC
INFLUENCE OF CULTURE
CLASSIFICATIONS OF CULTURE (POWER, ROLE, TASK AND PERSON)
The different behaviours, attitudes and the values of the individuals that are followed in the
organization are known as the organizational culture. This helps in the maintenance of the
healthy and unique culture in the companies like the BBC. The famous Charles Handy's theory
helps in analysing the different influences that the organizational culture has on the team and
the individual behaviour which is explained as below-
A strong impact on the modern thinking management has been made by the Charles four
theories. By the utilisation of the Charles Handy's theory an effective organizational culture,
development and leadership are maintained in the BBC (Harper, 2018).
Figure 1: Charles Handy’s Theory
4

[Source:http://blog.readytomanage.com/organizational-culture-diagram/]
ROLE CULTURE
In such a culture the individuals of the organisation hold the special authorities' that depends
on the different roles that they play in the organization. BBC effectively implements the role of
culture in the organization in which based on the postilion of the employees in the organization
their overall growth rate is affected (do Carmo Silva and Gomes, 2015.).
TASK CULTURE
The organizations with specific aims and objectives or who are finding some specific solutions
to the problems that are occurring in the project implements the task culture. BBC needs to
form a proper team for a project before implementing the task culture effectively as the tasks
are done in a group not individually in a task culture to attain common aims and objectives
(Newbert and Craig, 2017).
PERSON CULTURE
There are different individuals working in the BBC organization that holds different skills and
characteristics and all together works to attain the common goals of the organization. In order
to maintain their value in the organization, the individuals work very hard to gain a superior
position in the BBC (Schroeder, 2018).
POWER CULTURE
Under such culture, some guides are present in the organizations that are used to control the
work of the other individuals and guide them this means that the power is in the hands of the
guides or the leaders by which they influence others. In such a strong culture decision making
becomes easy and BBC also adopts the power culture to maintain a healthy environment. The
positive power motivates the employees and can help in effective decision making whereas
negative power results in disrespect of employees in the BBC (Gordon, et al. 2016).
5

The importance of cultural-difference awareness
It is important that the individuals in the organization must have cultural awareness as it lays
the foundation of the communication in the organisation in which the people become aware
about the beliefs, cultural values and the perceptions. BBS needs to implement the cultural
awareness places to maintain a healthy work environment. It is essential because people of
different cultural diversities work together in the workplace (LeVine, 2018).
6

INFLUENCE OF POWER, CULTURE, AND POLITICS ON THE BEHAVIOUR WITHIN
BBC
Hofstede’s dimensions of culture theory and application
There are six dimensions of the Hofstede’s that impacts the behaviour of the people with
different culture along with the manners in which the individuals potentially behave in the BBC.
POWER DISTANCE- The extent that the BBC employees accept the power inequality in the
workforce (Beugelsdijk, et al. 2015)
UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE - The extent of the employees of BBC that are not at ease in
relation to the uncertainty
COLLECTIVISM OR THE INDIVIDUALISM- It includes a major question that the BBC employees
like to work in close knitted network or likes to be left alone (Callahan, 2018).
SHORT AND THE LONG TERM ORIENTATION- In the long term the employees search for virtue
and in short term they have a strong inclination towards the absolute truth
RESTRAINTS AND THE INDULGENCE- The extent of BBC employees to control their impulses,
demands and the desires (Rong and Cao, 2015)
FEMININITY AND THE MASCULINITY- The weak individuals of BBC are given the quality of life
and care under the femininity and the rewards are given in the masculinity for the attainment
of success (Blau, 2017)
7

Figure 2: Cultural Dimensions
[Source:https://4squareviews.com/2012/12/19/six-sigma-green-belt-define-team-dynamics-
and-hofstedes-cultural-dimensions/]
INFLUENCE OF POLITICS
The varied governmental policies, diplomacy, negotiations, public affairs results in the politics in
the BBC that results in it the increased or the decreased power of some individuals and result in
their power enhancement. The business environment of BBC is impacted by the support of the
government in the politics. The perception of the individuals impacts their performance,
attitude and individual behaviour with the changing political environment of the BBC (Steel, et
al. 2018).
INFLUENCE OF POWER
The huge tasks of BBC are maintained properly with the help of the power and the work of the
individuals along with their behaviour is controlled by the power that impacts their attitude.
Rewards power techniques are used in the BCC so that the growth of the company may not be
8

affected by the changing behaviour and attitude. The performance of the team and behaviour is
enhanced by the BBC leaders by their powers and skills (Mazanec, et al. 2015).
FRENCH AND THE RAVENS THEORY
There are basically five different powers that impact the individual and team's behaviour
according to the theory of French and Raven which is used in BBC to enhance the work
techniques and motivate the individuals to perform their tasks better.
REWARD POWER- The employees are given rewards and benefits for their hard work so as to
make them feel that are valuable assets in the BBC (Chae, et al. 2017)
EXPERT POWER- An expert handles the project planning and the makes different management
strategies that help in the attainment of a valuable position in the market
LEGITIMATE POWER- For a particular time period an individual from outside is hired to take
decisions of the company and helps the BBC in the attainment of organizational goals and
increase growth
CORCEIVE POWER- Under such power a person can take back the work of other individuals and
can also punish them for their deeds and can charge penalties against them (Wood, 2014)
REFERENT POWER- The individuals with extraordinary qualities are allotted powers with which
they can perform task excellently.
9

Figure 3: Types of Power
[Source:https://sites.google.com/site/germassu/lesson-3---power-types-and-sources]
10

TASK 2- HOW TO MOTIVATE INDIVIDUALS AND TEAMS TO ACHIEVE THE
GOALS
MOTIVATION THEORIES
The motivational theories are utilised in the BBC to motivate the employees of the
organizational and to maintain the operational structures to attain the organizational goals.
EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
The employees of the BBC are motivated to perform some definite tasks and they are begun
engaged in some interesting activities so that any kind of punishment is avoided and rewards
are gained (Shepard, et al. 2018)
INTRINSIC MOTIVATION
The employees of the BBC are being motivated and are being indulged in the behaviour that
helps them in the attainment of the personal benefits and rewards and for the fulfilment of
their desires (Eklöf and Knekta, 2017).
MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES
Two types of motivational theories mainly exist that includes the content and the process
theories.
CONTENT THEORIES
In order to offer the desired services to the users, this theory is concerned with the different
needs and then demands of the individuals that will improve the individuals work and
satisfaction level.
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Figure 4: Motivational Theories
[Source: https://businessjargons.com/theories-of-motivation.html]
Maslow Hierarchy of Needs
According to this theory, the individuals first aims at the fulfilment of their basic needs and do
not look for higher needs if their basic needs are not fulfilled. The needs include physiological-
air, water, shelter needs in the first level, personal security, health and property i.e., safety
needs in the second, lover, friendship and belongings in the third, self-esteem in the fourth and
the self-actualization in the topmost level (Robertson, 2016)
This theory is utilised in the BBC to increase the work quality and performance level of the
employees by motivating them. Once the basic level needs are fulfilled then the attainment of
the higher level needs are looked by the individuals. A sustainable culture in the BBC is built by
following the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory
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Figure 5- Maslow Hierarchy of Needs
[Source:http://thepeakperformancecenter.com/educational-learning/learning/principles-of-
learning/maslows-hierarchy-needs/]
Herzberg Motivation-Hygiene Theory
In order to obtain the satisfactory outcomes of the work and to avoid dissatisfaction in the
people, this theory emphasizes on encouraging and motivating people. The BBC recognizes the
efforts of the people and provides them rewards and bonuses so as to motivate them and
promote healthy working culture in the organization which also led to the enhanced
performance of the individual (Albuquerque. Et al. 2016).
Alderfer ERG Theory
Based on the Alderfer ERG theory the employees of the BBC are being motivated by the
fulfilment of the existing need of the employees that includes the relatedness and the self-
actualization. The security needs social and the physiological needs of the individual are taken
care of motivating them as the priorities and needs of the individual might vary from one
another they are verified by the existence needs. The relationship between the growth needs
13

and the relationship constitutes the relatedness which is used to fulfil the individual specific
objectives (Alshmemri, et al. 2017).
PROCESS THEORIES
The motivation level of the employees can be easily analysed by these theories and it makes
the decision process of the organization quite easy.
Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
The attitude and the behaviour of the employees of the Vodafone are impacted by the
conscious choice between the available alternatives based on this theory. The employees'
dissatisfaction level is decreased and the satisfaction level of the people is maximised
(Kiatkawsin and Han, 2017).
Adam’s Equity theory
Maintaining a proper balance between the inputs and the outputs of the projects of the BBC
and providing a fair treatment to the employees of the BBC based on the comparison with
other individuals are the two basic principles of this theory. The healthy work environment is
maintained in the BBC as fair treatment is provided to the employees that lead to the
sustainability of the BBC organization (Lazaroiu, 2015).
Latham's and Locke Theory
According to this theory, the employees of the BBC can easily set their individual goals that
result in their increased motivation. The clear goals and the suitable feedbacks obtained also
result in their increased motivation. The harder the tasks get the more efforts and hard work is
performed by the employees to accomplish them (Latham, et al. 2018).
Implications of motivational theory
The motivational theory positively impacts the management and the leadership in the BBC. The
leaders and the manager are making use of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to motivate
their workforce and provide rewards and benefits to the employees for the hard work and
14

skills. The leaders support the employees in the attainment of their personal goals and the
strategies of the managers help in the attainment of the objectives of the BBC (Lazaroiu, 2015).
15

ROLE OF THE IMPROVED LEVELS OF MOTIVATION IN THE ATTAINMENT OF
GOALS OF THE BBC
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
The term emotional intelligence can be defined as the abilities of an individual to understand
and recognize the different emotions and the thoughts what the other people are trying to
convey you and thereafter analysing its impacts on the individual. The employee relationship is
properly managed with the help of the emotional intelligence that impacts the behaviour of
individuals (Van Deursen, et al. 2015).
The improved levels of the motivation with the help of the different theories helps the
employees to face the most difficult situations and to bear the pressure and perform
outstanding even in such conditions. The goals of the BBC are easily attained as the
performance level of the employees is increased; the different needs of the employees are
being fulfilled based on the hierarchy that enhances their self-confidence and the emotional
needs satisfaction of the individuals.
The importance of soft skills for managers and teams
The team members of the BBC along with the manager possess excellent soft skills by which
they interact with each other easily at the personal as well as professional levels. The effective
communication skills led to the development of the strengthened individual behaviour that
helps the leaders to perform effective leadership. The soft skills are essential as it makes the
decision making easy (Carvalho and Rabechini Junior, 2015).
Task v/s relationship leadership
The employees are being easily influenced and motivated by the use of the task and
relationship-oriented theories with the help of which the organizational goals of the BBC and
sustainability are attained. While following the task leadership the leaders lay emphasis on the
16

accomplishment of the tasks by employee motivation whereas in the relationship approach the
leaders aims to maintain a healthy relationship with the workers (Gupta, et al. 2017).
17

PART 2
TASK 3- UNDERSTANDING HOW TO COOPERATE EFFECTIVELY WITH OTHERS
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ORGANISATIONAL TEAMS
There are different types of teams that are formed in the BBC organization that led to the
attainment of the desired outcomes and the increased growth of the organization. The different
types of teams are depicted as below-
PROBLEM-SOLVING TEAMS
A team is being constituted to resolve the different problems that the BBC faced that are acting
as an obstacle in the organisational development. Such teams possess highly skilled individuals
who have the potential to bear the different situation and can easily make the decision with
their experience (Joseph-Williams, et al. 2017).
FUNCTIONAL TEAMS
The people who are having a similar position in the BBC but have to perform the different roles
are constituted in the functional teams. The functional teams are generally made to serve a
long-term objective and there is a manger above this team who resolves the problems of the
team (Succar and Kassem, 2015).
PROJECT TEAMS
The team that has been made in the BBC with the different members who belongs to the
different groups and function but they are allotted the activities of the same project which the
need to complete in a specific time.
IMPORTANCE OF DIFFERENT TEAMS
The different tasks that are carried out in the BBC organization can be easily assigned to the
different teams by the help of the formation of different types of team and for the smooth
18

running of the company operations along with their implementation. The tasks are effectively
managed by the formation of the different teams but managing these teams efficiently is also a
problem. The different models, projects and the problem-solving skills of the individuals help in
the development of these teams (Succar and Kassem, 2015).
There are some technological barriers faced in the BBC that result in the restriction of the
communication in the teams. Proper communication is essential for the effective working and
the accomplishment of the tasks. One of the examples of team formation in the BBC is when a
team was formed for the provision of the breakfast in which the news of the advanced
technology was displayed 24*7 on the BBC channel.
MAKING EFFECTIVE TEAM IN BBC
TEAM DYNAMICS AND TEAMWORK
Group can be defined as the collection of the various individuals that have the mutual influence
are in regular contacts, who frequently interacts and works together for the attainment of
commonly set goals. Whereas; a team can be defined as a group of people that possesses the
complementary skills for the accomplishment of any job, project or a task of an organization
(Morgan, et al. 2015).
TUCKMAN’S TEAM DEVELOPMENT MODEL
An effective team can be formed in the BBC with the help of the Tuckman's team development
model in which there are several transformations that takes place in the team development. In
order to reorganize the BBC and its division of work, the different stages of the team
development can be used which are defined by this model-
FORMING
In this first stage of team development, the employees are being motivated to work together
and the team member is polite and positive and some of them are anxious as they are not clear
19

about the roles they need to perform. A leader plays a dominant role in this stage (Fiore and
Georganta, 2017).
STORMING
The storming starts when the conflicts between the team members start because of their
different natural working styles and these different working styles results in frustration of
employees. In this stage, the people who can stick to the tasks experience the less and are able
to develop the strong relationship with each other.
NORMING
A trust and understanding are developed amongst the team members and the individuals
become social in this stage. In to greet the team members different styles of leadership are
used in the BBC and the team members have also gained respect for their managers and
leaders (Zoogah, et al. 2015).
PERFORMING
The performance of the team as a whole gradually increases in this stage and synchronization
amongst the team members has been established along with the good relationship between
the team members (Fiore and Georganta, 2017).
ADJOURNING
The team is being separated in this stage after the project completion as the tasks exist for a
particular period of time and this stage is difficult for the people who have established good
relations with other individuals (Zoogah, et al. 2015).
Belbin’s Team Roles
According to the Belbin's team roles, there are different roles of the teams that help in the
formation of the effective team roles in the BBC that includes the following-
20

Action Oriented Roles- It includes the Shaper that challenges the team to improve,
Implementer that put the ideas into the actions and the Complete finisher that ensures the
thorough and timely completion of the tasks (Belbin, 2014)
People Oriented Roles- It includes the Coordinator that acts as a chairperson, Team worker
that encourages cooperation in the work and Resource Investigator that explores the outside
opportunities for BBC.
Thought Oriented Roles- It includes the plant that presents the new ideas and the approaches,
Monitor Evaluator that analyses the different options of work and a Specialist who provides the
specialized skills (Mathieu, et al. 2015).
21

TASK 4- CONCEPTS AND PHILOSOPHIES OF ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR IN BBC
APPROPRIATE ORGANZIATIONAL CONCEPTS AND PHILOSOPHY
PATH GOALS THEORY
In order to maintain the performance and the productivity of the team, individual and staff
members several concepts and theories are developed and the Path-Goal Theory helps in the
improvement of the BBC operations by increasing the effectiveness of leaders, staff and
employees. (Chemers, 2014)
According to a case study in order to reorganize the BBC into the new divisions, the employees
of the BBC are being helped and supported by the leaders of the organization they also provide
them guidance which enhances their performance level. The necessary tools are provided by
the leaders on the teams to face the different problems and overcome the challenges of the
work.
In addition to this, the leaders provide different rewards, bonuses and appreciation to the
employees those who are performing extraordinarily in their work and attaining success by
fulfilling the organizational goals. The different leadership styles are used in the BBC as the
supportive, directive and participative to guide the employees and the leaders also obtain
feedbacks to improve the productivity of the organization. The leaders also provide right
direction to the individuals (Dinh, et al. 2014)
SOCIAL CAPITAL THEORY
This theory defines the different resources that are inherited in the social relations and help in
the facilitation of the collective actions of the team. It includes the factors like the norms, trust
and the network of association that are being gathered for a common aim (Dubos, 2017).
CONTINGENCY THEORY
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The contingency theory is utilised in the BBC to improve the productivity of the organization
according to which there are some situational factors that impact the relationship between the
direct and the indirect relationships of the organizational behaviour. The leadership is
determined based on the certain factors of the situation like the task, personality of leaders and
group members (Otley, 2016).
23

MAIN BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE PERFORMANCE IN BBC
The different barriers that are hindering the effective performance of bringing the different
specialities together within the BBC include the following-
COMPENSATION PACKAGE
It is the amount that is expected by the employees of the BBC to fulfil their personal desires and
improved financial level but sometimes dissatisfaction is resulted in the employees due to the
policies of the pay scale that restricts the salaries and hence there is no future growth.
REWARD SYSTEM
Rewards and benefits are given to the employees based on their performance and work dozen
by the people which motivates some people while others are being demotivated for not
receiving any rewards which hinder their performance level (Ghobadi and Mathiassen, 2016).
WORK-LIFE BALANCE
The stress of the employees working in an organization like BBC which is being continuously
improving gets increased due to the extra workload due to which they are able to maintain a
proper balance between the work and the life. This impacts employee performance and their
happiness.
INEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
The ineffective communication between the team members impacts the reorganization of the
BBC into new divisions where different specialities will be brought together as the people will
find it difficult to understand each other. The messages do not get properly delivered to the
receiver that impacts organizational growth (Sinelnikov, et al. 2015).
24

CONCLUSION
The different types of organizational culture impact the functioning of the BBC like the power,
role, task and the person culture. The company’s environment is impacted by the power and
the politics. The different motivational theories and their utilisation in the improved level of
motivation of employees are explained. The roles of the different teams in the BBC organization
along with their importance are explained. Lastly, the organisational concept in increasing the
performance and productivity of the organization has been described.
25

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