Organizational Stakeholder Management
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This report discusses the stakeholder management issues faced by Apple Inc. and provides recommendations to solve them. It covers topics such as motivating change for departments and employees, communication strategies, organizational structure, and control mechanisms.
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RUNNING HEAD: ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 0
Apple and It’s Stakeholder Management
Apple and It’s Stakeholder Management
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ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 1
Executive Summary
Apple Inc. stands to be the world leading IT Company by income and the globe second
leading mobile phone manufacturer. Apple Company was facing a problem in managing its
stakeholders. The company should identify the needs of the stakeholder before starting any
new plan. They must recognize their investors and also their welfares and authorities towards
the plan. It will help them in identifying who will be important anxieties when performing the
plan and at what stage the stakeholders can affect the plan. Apple Inc. should try to resolution
the clash of the investors as soon as necessary to try their efforts best to complete the
necessities demanded by its stakeholders. This report will overall give the knowledge of the
Apple Company and their problems in dealing with stakeholders and various
recommendations to solve such.
Executive Summary
Apple Inc. stands to be the world leading IT Company by income and the globe second
leading mobile phone manufacturer. Apple Company was facing a problem in managing its
stakeholders. The company should identify the needs of the stakeholder before starting any
new plan. They must recognize their investors and also their welfares and authorities towards
the plan. It will help them in identifying who will be important anxieties when performing the
plan and at what stage the stakeholders can affect the plan. Apple Inc. should try to resolution
the clash of the investors as soon as necessary to try their efforts best to complete the
necessities demanded by its stakeholders. This report will overall give the knowledge of the
Apple Company and their problems in dealing with stakeholders and various
recommendations to solve such.
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 2
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Stakeholder Management: Apple...............................................................................................3
Motivate change for department and employees...................................................................3
Motivate change for employees.............................................................................................4
Communication Strategies.....................................................................................................5
Communication breakdown...................................................................................................6
Policies and approaches.........................................................................................................7
Organizational structure of the Apple Company...................................................................9
New configuration to more adequately cater to its stakeholders...........................................9
Appropriated structure.........................................................................................................10
New organizational design...................................................................................................11
Control Mechanisms................................................................................................................11
Conclusion................................................................................................................................11
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................13
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Stakeholder Management: Apple...............................................................................................3
Motivate change for department and employees...................................................................3
Motivate change for employees.............................................................................................4
Communication Strategies.....................................................................................................5
Communication breakdown...................................................................................................6
Policies and approaches.........................................................................................................7
Organizational structure of the Apple Company...................................................................9
New configuration to more adequately cater to its stakeholders...........................................9
Appropriated structure.........................................................................................................10
New organizational design...................................................................................................11
Control Mechanisms................................................................................................................11
Conclusion................................................................................................................................11
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................13
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 3
Introduction
This report will reflect on Apple Inc., USA. The aim of the report is to provide a list of
suggestions, relevant theories, and empirical research so that Apple Company can implement
to solve the problem of stakeholder’s management in the USA due to which there is shifting
of the manufacturing industries to China.
Apple Inc. is an American international organization that manufactures customer electronics
and processor software products. The organization well-known hardware products are
Macintosh computers, the iPod and the iPhone (Kraemer, 2011).
The company has 250 retail departments in nine nations and an online store where software
and hardware products are wholesaled. Apple Inc. Company was recognized in Cupertino,
California on April 1, 1976, and incorporated on January 3, 1977 (Tracie L. Nobles, 2012).
The company reputation in the eyes of the consumers has gone down recently because of the
nude celebrity leaks. The organization has some problem with underage workers working
condition in the production of the iPhones. This assignment will emphasis on stakeholder
relationship, and will inform whether the focal firm is appropriate or not.
Stakeholder Management: Apple
The stakeholders of the Apple Company are:
Investors
Customers
Employees
Communities
Competitors
Introduction
This report will reflect on Apple Inc., USA. The aim of the report is to provide a list of
suggestions, relevant theories, and empirical research so that Apple Company can implement
to solve the problem of stakeholder’s management in the USA due to which there is shifting
of the manufacturing industries to China.
Apple Inc. is an American international organization that manufactures customer electronics
and processor software products. The organization well-known hardware products are
Macintosh computers, the iPod and the iPhone (Kraemer, 2011).
The company has 250 retail departments in nine nations and an online store where software
and hardware products are wholesaled. Apple Inc. Company was recognized in Cupertino,
California on April 1, 1976, and incorporated on January 3, 1977 (Tracie L. Nobles, 2012).
The company reputation in the eyes of the consumers has gone down recently because of the
nude celebrity leaks. The organization has some problem with underage workers working
condition in the production of the iPhones. This assignment will emphasis on stakeholder
relationship, and will inform whether the focal firm is appropriate or not.
Stakeholder Management: Apple
The stakeholders of the Apple Company are:
Investors
Customers
Employees
Communities
Competitors
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ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 4
Motivate change for department and employees
The organization can change motivate for its department and employees by these methods:
Facilitate employee and department learning
Simply providing training to the employee about change in the organization not going to
inspire the workforce and increase awareness. An organization should emphasis on the
development of the workforce in terms of emotional maturity, allow the workforce to feel
personally devoted to organization changes. As such, the workforce shows a higher level of
motivation (Jones, 2008).
Align employees goals and communicate openly
Aligning the personal goal with business goals result in the motivation of employees towards
change. There should always their transparency between employees and organization for
achieving a positive result in organizational change (Dobre, 2013).
Motivate change for employees
The organization can maintain stakeholder effectively by following these four steps
(Podmoroff, 2016):
Identify your stakeholder
First of all, the organization should know their stakeholders effectively. These priorities
should be given to stakeholders.
Stakeholders with high power & high interest and vice versa
There is a responsibility of an organization to keep its stakeholders happy and must
completely engage in putting effective efforts to keep them satisfied.
Motivate change for department and employees
The organization can change motivate for its department and employees by these methods:
Facilitate employee and department learning
Simply providing training to the employee about change in the organization not going to
inspire the workforce and increase awareness. An organization should emphasis on the
development of the workforce in terms of emotional maturity, allow the workforce to feel
personally devoted to organization changes. As such, the workforce shows a higher level of
motivation (Jones, 2008).
Align employees goals and communicate openly
Aligning the personal goal with business goals result in the motivation of employees towards
change. There should always their transparency between employees and organization for
achieving a positive result in organizational change (Dobre, 2013).
Motivate change for employees
The organization can maintain stakeholder effectively by following these four steps
(Podmoroff, 2016):
Identify your stakeholder
First of all, the organization should know their stakeholders effectively. These priorities
should be given to stakeholders.
Stakeholders with high power & high interest and vice versa
There is a responsibility of an organization to keep its stakeholders happy and must
completely engage in putting effective efforts to keep them satisfied.
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 5
A Stakeholder with low power & high interest and vice versa
The organization should concern about issues facing by the stakeholder because these
stakeholders can help in providing details of the business.
Purpose of management needs to be defined
The purpose of the organization should be well defined to the stakeholders and manage their
involvement in the plans to achieve the best results
Choose the right tool to communicate with them
In this digital era, the organization should be very careful by choosing a digital tool to
communicate with them. It is advised to make a map with four blocks of stakeholders as per
their priority.
Create a plan of action and manage it
Once the stakeholder examines are done, there is a must to emphasis on the key personnel
connected and know about the level of curiosity along with their significance. After setting
the plans, the organization has to manage it. The organization will be going to achieve
success by taking the response from the stakeholders and it will support to understand the
condition.
Communication Strategies
There is a vital need for communication strategies while communicating with stakeholders.
Firstly, the organization should understand the stakeholders. It is very important to note that
stakeholder of different background so that is a need to identify the need of the stakeholders.
Secondly, the tailoring of communication is required. Stakeholders are involved in the
organization with one reason (Devito, 2012).
A Stakeholder with low power & high interest and vice versa
The organization should concern about issues facing by the stakeholder because these
stakeholders can help in providing details of the business.
Purpose of management needs to be defined
The purpose of the organization should be well defined to the stakeholders and manage their
involvement in the plans to achieve the best results
Choose the right tool to communicate with them
In this digital era, the organization should be very careful by choosing a digital tool to
communicate with them. It is advised to make a map with four blocks of stakeholders as per
their priority.
Create a plan of action and manage it
Once the stakeholder examines are done, there is a must to emphasis on the key personnel
connected and know about the level of curiosity along with their significance. After setting
the plans, the organization has to manage it. The organization will be going to achieve
success by taking the response from the stakeholders and it will support to understand the
condition.
Communication Strategies
There is a vital need for communication strategies while communicating with stakeholders.
Firstly, the organization should understand the stakeholders. It is very important to note that
stakeholder of different background so that is a need to identify the need of the stakeholders.
Secondly, the tailoring of communication is required. Stakeholders are involved in the
organization with one reason (Devito, 2012).
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 6
The organization should identify that reason and should engage them by tailoring the
communication. The message should be communicated very clearly to the stakeholders. How
to say the message is almost important as the message itself.
Thirdly, keeping the stakeholder engagement. By this point, an organization should have a
fantastic communication plan that will help to build the relationship stronger. It is very much
needed to keep them interested and keep them actively join the organization (Haigh, 2013).
Communication breakdown
Apple Company has various communication breakdown in their environment. Some of them
are that they ignore many feedback loops as the release notes accompanying its software. By
doing this, Apple is making trouble for both the customers and for itself (Daim, 2012).
Apple communicates the business issue with the internal stakeholder by various
methods which are as follows:
Communicate with the weekly report;
Review the feedback of the stakeholder by the new complaint system; and
Collaborating with management and communicating daily.
Apple Company communicates nearly the issue to customers employed condition
externally through:
Press statements;
Growth report;
Website;
Message from CEO; and,
Media relations.
But, after following this method also Apple Company was facing difficulty in communication
with its employees because of the following barriers in the organization.
The organization should identify that reason and should engage them by tailoring the
communication. The message should be communicated very clearly to the stakeholders. How
to say the message is almost important as the message itself.
Thirdly, keeping the stakeholder engagement. By this point, an organization should have a
fantastic communication plan that will help to build the relationship stronger. It is very much
needed to keep them interested and keep them actively join the organization (Haigh, 2013).
Communication breakdown
Apple Company has various communication breakdown in their environment. Some of them
are that they ignore many feedback loops as the release notes accompanying its software. By
doing this, Apple is making trouble for both the customers and for itself (Daim, 2012).
Apple communicates the business issue with the internal stakeholder by various
methods which are as follows:
Communicate with the weekly report;
Review the feedback of the stakeholder by the new complaint system; and
Collaborating with management and communicating daily.
Apple Company communicates nearly the issue to customers employed condition
externally through:
Press statements;
Growth report;
Website;
Message from CEO; and,
Media relations.
But, after following this method also Apple Company was facing difficulty in communication
with its employees because of the following barriers in the organization.
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ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 7
Language & cultural barrier
In the diverse workplace, people come from various culture and places using the different
language, sign, and symbol to describe the things to the people, which can be understood by
some and do not be understood by some. So, this is one of the main barriers for the apple
company to communicate effectively with the stakeholder (Taylor, 2014).
Second is,
Personality barrier
The entire person in the organization is different from each other. Some might be good
listeners and some are not. Some might be good speakers but some are not, this result in the
barrier to the organization to communicate effectively with the stakeholders (Lewin, 2013).
Communication barrier
Poorly structure message, making stereotypical assumptions, syntactical noise, semantic
noise i.e. different intention of listeners and speaker in relation to same words are the barrier
to the organization to achieve the effective communication with the stakeholders
(CommunityDoor, 2018).
Policies and approaches
Apple Company can follow this theory to communicate with the stakeholders:
7 C’s of effective communication
The 7 C’s of effective combination is also known as the seven principles of communication.
Here 7 C’ are (The Business Communication, 2019):
Completeness
The letter should be complete to the receiver insight. The message should be framed on the
evidence and if the message is complex then it should contain the additional information.
Concreteness
Language & cultural barrier
In the diverse workplace, people come from various culture and places using the different
language, sign, and symbol to describe the things to the people, which can be understood by
some and do not be understood by some. So, this is one of the main barriers for the apple
company to communicate effectively with the stakeholder (Taylor, 2014).
Second is,
Personality barrier
The entire person in the organization is different from each other. Some might be good
listeners and some are not. Some might be good speakers but some are not, this result in the
barrier to the organization to communicate effectively with the stakeholders (Lewin, 2013).
Communication barrier
Poorly structure message, making stereotypical assumptions, syntactical noise, semantic
noise i.e. different intention of listeners and speaker in relation to same words are the barrier
to the organization to achieve the effective communication with the stakeholders
(CommunityDoor, 2018).
Policies and approaches
Apple Company can follow this theory to communicate with the stakeholders:
7 C’s of effective communication
The 7 C’s of effective combination is also known as the seven principles of communication.
Here 7 C’ are (The Business Communication, 2019):
Completeness
The letter should be complete to the receiver insight. The message should be framed on the
evidence and if the message is complex then it should contain the additional information.
Concreteness
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 8
Nothing should be left on the imagination. The message should be a clear message and
clearly define each and every sentence.
Courtesy
In order to clearly communicate the message to the stakeholder, it is very necessary to line
the group in a very friendly and polite manner. Using appropriate words should be taken care
of while communication to the targeted group of person.
Correctness
The right use of language has a priority. In the business entities message, grammatical
mistakes should be eliminated. The right use of language upsurges the honesty and customer
will feel that they are taken very extremely.
Clarity
Clear or normal language is an emphasis on communication, using short sentence and
concrete words should be taken into account. Use of the fuzzy language should be ignored.
Consideration
Communication with the targeted group should be done in order to enhance communication.
To connect well, it is significant to relate to the targeted crowd and be involved.
Conciseness
A letter is clear when the narrative if the message is constant and does not encompass any
inconsistency. The various message often creates conciseness in the communication
Creativity
A message will be creative only when the arguments and the sentence are used in a creative
manner. The long sentence is altered into short sentences.
Credibility
By making the environment of faith in the message which will result in the credibility to the
communication. This can be accomplished with a clear voice.
Nothing should be left on the imagination. The message should be a clear message and
clearly define each and every sentence.
Courtesy
In order to clearly communicate the message to the stakeholder, it is very necessary to line
the group in a very friendly and polite manner. Using appropriate words should be taken care
of while communication to the targeted group of person.
Correctness
The right use of language has a priority. In the business entities message, grammatical
mistakes should be eliminated. The right use of language upsurges the honesty and customer
will feel that they are taken very extremely.
Clarity
Clear or normal language is an emphasis on communication, using short sentence and
concrete words should be taken into account. Use of the fuzzy language should be ignored.
Consideration
Communication with the targeted group should be done in order to enhance communication.
To connect well, it is significant to relate to the targeted crowd and be involved.
Conciseness
A letter is clear when the narrative if the message is constant and does not encompass any
inconsistency. The various message often creates conciseness in the communication
Creativity
A message will be creative only when the arguments and the sentence are used in a creative
manner. The long sentence is altered into short sentences.
Credibility
By making the environment of faith in the message which will result in the credibility to the
communication. This can be accomplished with a clear voice.
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 9
Organizational structure of the Apple Company
(Dudovskiy, 2019).
It can be seen that the administrative structure if the Apple Company is much appropriate.
Each and every sector has their leader which can direct the person in achieving the goal of the
company. Various leaders have been assign for different sectors which help in taking a clear
direction. Proper direction has been given to the stakeholder and it is also very clear to them
in terms of communicating the problem to the leader.
New configuration to more adequately cater to its stakeholders
The company can focus more on their organizational structure just to more adequately cater
to its stakeholder. Organizational structure cannot be changed so frequently, it requires more
time and top-level managers. In the recent past, various theories have been used to try them
and clarify organizational alteration and management, for instance, transformational
Organizational structure of the Apple Company
(Dudovskiy, 2019).
It can be seen that the administrative structure if the Apple Company is much appropriate.
Each and every sector has their leader which can direct the person in achieving the goal of the
company. Various leaders have been assign for different sectors which help in taking a clear
direction. Proper direction has been given to the stakeholder and it is also very clear to them
in terms of communicating the problem to the leader.
New configuration to more adequately cater to its stakeholders
The company can focus more on their organizational structure just to more adequately cater
to its stakeholder. Organizational structure cannot be changed so frequently, it requires more
time and top-level managers. In the recent past, various theories have been used to try them
and clarify organizational alteration and management, for instance, transformational
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ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 10
leadership concept to enhance success. The company can divide more sectors in the retail
segment just to divide the responsibility and more effective direction can be given to the
persons. A company can even make one more leader on the executive level just to keep a
check the work of the retail sector, hardware engineering sector, etc. The company should
keep in the mind that while changing the organizational structure, the workforce has to be
directed by the one leader. If they were directed by the different leader that there will be a
confusion regarding whom to listen.
Appropriated structure
(PointPark University, 2018).
The appropriate structure can be summarized like this. Each and every department should
have one leader on its top. Every department should have one leader. There should be the one
head on the top level which can oversee the work of each and every employee. The direction
should be given by one leader only, to their subordinates in order to eliminate the
misunderstanding in their work.
leadership concept to enhance success. The company can divide more sectors in the retail
segment just to divide the responsibility and more effective direction can be given to the
persons. A company can even make one more leader on the executive level just to keep a
check the work of the retail sector, hardware engineering sector, etc. The company should
keep in the mind that while changing the organizational structure, the workforce has to be
directed by the one leader. If they were directed by the different leader that there will be a
confusion regarding whom to listen.
Appropriated structure
(PointPark University, 2018).
The appropriate structure can be summarized like this. Each and every department should
have one leader on its top. Every department should have one leader. There should be the one
head on the top level which can oversee the work of each and every employee. The direction
should be given by one leader only, to their subordinates in order to eliminate the
misunderstanding in their work.
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 11
New organizational design
The new organizational structure can be managed more effectively as compared to the current
one by:
Clearly define the change and align it to business goals
This stage in the organization will help in determining the value of change and will qualify
the efforts and inputs that they invest.
Determine the impacts and those affected and develop communication strategy
Once it is recognized what to achieve than determining the impact of change and after it is
known, review on the units should be conducted. This information will help in forming the
blueprint for where the support and training are needed.
Implement the support structure and measure the change process
It should be seen while changing the structure that was the support is most needed and what
type of support will be more need as well as effective.
Finally, it should be seen that the change is helping in assisting the business goal and does the
management process is successful or not. Determined the effectiveness of such change.
Control Mechanisms
The changes, which had been implemented in the company, should have an eye on those by
various methods of controlling and monitoring. The company can form a various committee
and set standards, identify important factors, specify a standard of satisfactory performance,
and implement some possible responses if performance is beyond the range.
Conclusion
From the above analysis, it can be concluded that Apple Inc. company as an instance of how
administrations address the issue of administrative change and how the company manages to
New organizational design
The new organizational structure can be managed more effectively as compared to the current
one by:
Clearly define the change and align it to business goals
This stage in the organization will help in determining the value of change and will qualify
the efforts and inputs that they invest.
Determine the impacts and those affected and develop communication strategy
Once it is recognized what to achieve than determining the impact of change and after it is
known, review on the units should be conducted. This information will help in forming the
blueprint for where the support and training are needed.
Implement the support structure and measure the change process
It should be seen while changing the structure that was the support is most needed and what
type of support will be more need as well as effective.
Finally, it should be seen that the change is helping in assisting the business goal and does the
management process is successful or not. Determined the effectiveness of such change.
Control Mechanisms
The changes, which had been implemented in the company, should have an eye on those by
various methods of controlling and monitoring. The company can form a various committee
and set standards, identify important factors, specify a standard of satisfactory performance,
and implement some possible responses if performance is beyond the range.
Conclusion
From the above analysis, it can be concluded that Apple Inc. company as an instance of how
administrations address the issue of administrative change and how the company manages to
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 12
tackle the issue of failure in China. This assignment also focuses on how this organization
applied the change by using a few approaches, and how the modification was connected to
gatherings involved. Moreover, it has also been debated a few theoretical ideas that are
appropriate to Apple Inc.’s case. Globalization has improved the markets & probabilities for
more growth and income but the Apple Company has to manage their issues which are
hindering its growth by focusing more on the stakeholder strategy.
Bibliography
tackle the issue of failure in China. This assignment also focuses on how this organization
applied the change by using a few approaches, and how the modification was connected to
gatherings involved. Moreover, it has also been debated a few theoretical ideas that are
appropriate to Apple Inc.’s case. Globalization has improved the markets & probabilities for
more growth and income but the Apple Company has to manage their issues which are
hindering its growth by focusing more on the stakeholder strategy.
Bibliography
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ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 13
CommunityDoor, 2018. Barriers to effective communication. [Online]
Available at: https://etraining.communitydoor.org.au/mod/page/view.php?id=5
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Daim, T. H. A. R. S. H. B. P. U. B. W. a. B. A., 2012. Exploring the communication
breakdown in global virtual teams.. International Journal of Project Management, 30(2), pp.
199-212.
Devito, J. A., 2012. 50 Communication Strategies. Indiana, United States: iUniverse.
Dobre, O.-I., 2013. Employee motivation and organizational performance. Review of Applied
Socio- Economic Research , 5(1), p. 53.
Dudovskiy, J., 2019. Apple Organizational Structure: a brief overview. [Online]
Available at: https://research-methodology.net/apple-organizational-structure-a-hierarchical-
structure-that-may-change-in-near-future/
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Haigh, M. B. P. a. W. E., 2013. Facebook: examining the information presented and its
impact on stakeholders.. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 18(1), pp.
52-69.
Jones, 2008. Organizational Theory, Design, And Change. s.l.:Pearson Education India.
Kraemer, K. L. G. a. D. J., 2011. Capturing value in Global Networks: Apple’s iPad and
iPhone. [Online]
Available at: University of California, Irvine, University of California, Berkeley, y Syracuse
University, NY. http://pcic. merage. uci. edu/papers/2011/value_iPad_iPhone. pdf.
Consultado el
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
CommunityDoor, 2018. Barriers to effective communication. [Online]
Available at: https://etraining.communitydoor.org.au/mod/page/view.php?id=5
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Daim, T. H. A. R. S. H. B. P. U. B. W. a. B. A., 2012. Exploring the communication
breakdown in global virtual teams.. International Journal of Project Management, 30(2), pp.
199-212.
Devito, J. A., 2012. 50 Communication Strategies. Indiana, United States: iUniverse.
Dobre, O.-I., 2013. Employee motivation and organizational performance. Review of Applied
Socio- Economic Research , 5(1), p. 53.
Dudovskiy, J., 2019. Apple Organizational Structure: a brief overview. [Online]
Available at: https://research-methodology.net/apple-organizational-structure-a-hierarchical-
structure-that-may-change-in-near-future/
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Haigh, M. B. P. a. W. E., 2013. Facebook: examining the information presented and its
impact on stakeholders.. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 18(1), pp.
52-69.
Jones, 2008. Organizational Theory, Design, And Change. s.l.:Pearson Education India.
Kraemer, K. L. G. a. D. J., 2011. Capturing value in Global Networks: Apple’s iPad and
iPhone. [Online]
Available at: University of California, Irvine, University of California, Berkeley, y Syracuse
University, NY. http://pcic. merage. uci. edu/papers/2011/value_iPad_iPhone. pdf.
Consultado el
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 14
Lewin, K., 2013. A dynamic theory of personality-selected papers. s.l.:Read Books Ltd..
Podmoroff, D., 2016. 365 Ways to Motivate and Reward Your Employees Every Day: With
Little Or No Money. revised ed. s.l.:Atlantic Publishing Company.
PointPark University, 2018. 4 Types of Organizational Structures. [Online]
Available at: https://online.pointpark.edu/business/types-of-organizational-structures/
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Taylor, E. a. J. F., 2014. Lost in translation: exploring therapists’ experiences of providing
stroke rehabilitation across a language barrier.. Disability and rehabilitation, 36(25), pp.
2127-2135.
The Business Communication, 2019. 7 C’s of communication. [Online]
Available at: https://thebusinesscommunication.com/7-c-of-communication/
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Tracie L. Nobles, C. J. S. D. J. M. P. A. B., 2012. College Accounting. 11 ed. Boston,
Massachusetts, United States: Cengage Learning.
Lewin, K., 2013. A dynamic theory of personality-selected papers. s.l.:Read Books Ltd..
Podmoroff, D., 2016. 365 Ways to Motivate and Reward Your Employees Every Day: With
Little Or No Money. revised ed. s.l.:Atlantic Publishing Company.
PointPark University, 2018. 4 Types of Organizational Structures. [Online]
Available at: https://online.pointpark.edu/business/types-of-organizational-structures/
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Taylor, E. a. J. F., 2014. Lost in translation: exploring therapists’ experiences of providing
stroke rehabilitation across a language barrier.. Disability and rehabilitation, 36(25), pp.
2127-2135.
The Business Communication, 2019. 7 C’s of communication. [Online]
Available at: https://thebusinesscommunication.com/7-c-of-communication/
[Accessed 16 May 2019].
Tracie L. Nobles, C. J. S. D. J. M. P. A. B., 2012. College Accounting. 11 ed. Boston,
Massachusetts, United States: Cengage Learning.
ORGANIZATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 15
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