Osteoporosis - Causes, Complications and Management

Running head: OSTEOPOROSIS
OSTEOPOROSIS
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OSTEOPOROSIS1
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is also termed as “porous bones”, which is considered as the condition
that makes the bone fragile, thin and weak. Due to fragile bone, any minute accident or bump
can result in fracture and hence might lead to chronic pain. Premature death and loss of
independence. The reduced bone density is the primary cause that result in the condition of
osteoporosis. The bone density decreases when the bone losses the essential mineral like
calcium and thus alter the quality of the bone. In Australia, osteoporosis affects every 1 in 4
people aged more than 75 years (Mitchell et al., 2015). According to the National Health
Survey, approximately 924,000 Australian population are suffering from the condition of
osteoporosis, out of which 20% of the population are more than 50 years of age. It is
established that the older population are more susceptible towards the condition of
osteoporosis and is also more prevalent among the women as compared to the men. The
condition of osteoporosis increase with age, because the bone density naturally decrease and
hence affect large number of older population. Osteoporosis also affects the patient’s quality
of life and can result in some serious health complications (Australian Institute of Health and
Welfare, 2019).
Risk factors of osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is considered as the skeleton disorder and are associated with various
risk factors, which can either be modifiable or non-modifiable risk factors. Hence, the factors
that increase the threat or risk of obtaining osteoporosis are as follows (Cauley et al., 2016):
 Gender- Women are more prone to develop the condition of osteoporosis as
compared to men, because the body structure of women are small and they also have
thin bones, which arm pre fragile as compared to men. Hence, the risk of obtaining
osteoporosis is more prevalent among the women.

OSTEOPOROSIS2
 Poor nutrition- Poor nutrition is directly related to the condition of osteoporosis, as
the patient is not consuming any food which can maintain the essential nutrient sin
their body.
 Poor lifestyle- Consumption of caffeine, alcohol and smoking tobacco or cigarette
smoking increases the risk of obtaining osteoporosis among the older population.
 Immobility and inactivity- The patient who do not perform any physical exercise or
live a sedentary lifestyle is under the great risk of developing the condition of
osteoporosis (Wiklund et al., 2016).
 Vitamin D deficiency- The patient with low level of vitamin D are also under risk as
their body fail to absorbs the essential amount of calcium which therefore increases
the prevalence of osteoporosis.
Complication of osteoporosis
The condition of osteoporosis is associated with different types of health
complication, which is responsible for deteriorating the health condition of the patient.
Hence, it is very essential for the healthcare professional to focus on reducing the health
complication for a better life. The health complication associated with osteoporosis are as
follows (Jimenez et al., 2018):
 Limited mobility- The condition of osteoporosis can result in reduced physical
activity and might also lead to disability in the patient. Limited mobility can therefore
increases the bone stress specifically in hips and knees and therefore result in weight
gain. Weight gain will therefor directly lead to condition such as diabetes and heart
diseases.
 Depression- Reduced physical activity might directly lead to the condition of
isolation and loss of independence that will affect the emotional strength of the patient