Pakistan’s Anti-Terrorism Measures and Its Implications

The topic discusses the counter terrorism measures in Pakistan and their implications on reducing terror incidents. It also addresses the United Nations' anti-terrorism regulations.

Running Head: PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS
IMPLICATIONS
Pakistan’s anti-terrorism measures and its implications
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors Note

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Executive Summary:
The following topic discusses about the counter terrorisms measures in Pakistan as
well as their implications made by the government. The major focus of this topic is to make a
clear cut idea about whether the government actions have at all reduced the terror incidents in
not only Pakistan but also for all over the world. The United Nations councils strict anti-
terrorisms rule and regulations are also been addressed here. There are certain analyses are
being made over the data collected from different source of reports as well as questionnaires.
Lastly at the end a conclusion have been drawn stating that whether the counter terrorism is at
all welcomed properly or not.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction:.................................................................................................5
Chapter 2: literature review:...........................................................................................6
The domestic militant landscape of Pakistan.............................................................6
Pakistan’s challenge towards weak democracy:........................................................8
Rise of religious intolerance and violence...............................................................10
Crackdown to the political issues:............................................................................12
Engaging with Pakistani government:.....................................................................13
“Pakistan can only give excuses” :...........................................................................13
Summary of the study;.............................................................................................15
Chapter 3: methodological considerations:..................................................................17
Introduction to methodology and its rationale:........................................................17
Research hypothesis:................................................................................................18
Summary of key issues:...........................................................................................18
Research design:.......................................................................................................20
Research framework:...............................................................................................23
Research questions:..................................................................................................27
Aims of the topic:.....................................................................................................27
Objectives:................................................................................................................28
Data collection and generation:................................................................................29
Province analysis of the event :................................................................................33
Chapter 4: counter terrorism measures and its implications:.......................................35

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Reviving the strategy:..............................................................................................36
Resolutions of the anti-terrorism strategy:...............................................................36
Plan of action:..........................................................................................................40
Measures to address against terrorism and implementation of counter terrorisms:.41
Pakistan’s counter terrorism strategy:......................................................................43
Counter terrorism strategy under Musharraf era:.....................................................44
Military operations of Musharraf:............................................................................45
Role of the people party government in counter terrorism:.....................................47
Counter terrorism strategy in PML in 2013 to 2014:...............................................48
Chapter 5: conclusion:..................................................................................................49
Recommendation:....................................................................................................54
Identification of risks, policy development and collaboration:................................54
National cooperation and coordination:...................................................................54
Terrorists financing..................................................................................................56
References:...............................................................................................................57
Bibliography.................................................................................................................62

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Chapter 1: Introduction:
Counter- terrorisms which is also known as antiterrorism, incorporates the practise,
military tactics, techniques and strategy which the government, military, law enforcement,
business and intelligence agencies utilizes for the purpose of combating terrorism in the
country. Therefore, different strategies are applied for the purpose of ensuring that the acts of
terrorism can be controlled and minimized. The measures which are undertaken by the
government is to ensure that such terrorism activities are not financed in any manner.
However, the armed forces of US use the term foreign international defence for the
programmes which support the other countries in order to suppress insurgency and
lawlessness.
The study deals with the counter terrorism measures which have been implemented by
the government of Pakistan. It is from the time that Pakistan has gotten its independence that
the nation has been judged with the all kinds of terrorism activities and thus it has hampered
the nation’s growth as a whole. The impact of terrorism has impacted the nation in such a
manner that the lifestyle of people living in the country has also become stressed and hectic.
One other severe impact which can be identified in relation to terrorism on the economy is
the decline of GDP of the country which is often accompanied by rise in the price of goods
and services and also increase in the factor costs of the business. Some of the major cities of
Pakistan which are its trade centres have been affected. Hence the main focus of the study is
to focus on what measures have been taken by the Pakistani government in order to ensure
that no such terrorisms attacks occur in that country. The major trade centres of Pakistan like
Peshawar, Quetta and Islamabad which has suffered so much due to the terrorist attacks,
needs to be reinstated to its previous glory by making the people understand about the ill
effects which terrorism has on the economy as a whole 1. On the other hand, the Pakistani
1 La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R., 2000. Investor protection and
corporate governance. Journal of financial economics, 58(1-2), pp.3-27.

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government needs to take positive actions to counter the terrorism by taking hard steps and
demolishing the terrorist groups from Pakistan. The terrorism in an economy plays an
immense effect on the global economy and countries like America, India and Russia have
raised their voices against terrorism. The study would be including the primary and secondary
research, press talks, interview words. Apart from thus the study also includes some research
methodology on the quantitative and qualitative data supporting the bad effects of the
terrorisms. On the other hand, the studies have also consisted of the measurements of the
anti-terrorisms policy and the impacts of the same in the financial and global markets of the
Pakistan.
Pakistan have been graded as second most affected country as per global terrorism
index, 2012. Over the past few decades it has been seen that Pakistan have been used up to
huge amount of expenditures in designing and implementing a good counter terrorism policy.
Hence there have been 25% of reduction in victims and 7% reduction in terrorist incidence
and 12% reduction in the count of death. Thus, the counter – terrorism activities needs to be
sustained so that the economy can stabilize and reform its markets. Additionally, the spread
of anti-terrorism capacity has raised considerably after the attacks of 9/11. The public cost of
the policies has been yielding at more than 50000 victims, 15700 military personals and
increased monitory costs. Thus, the focus of the study is to examine the policies and navigate
the attacks of counter terrorisms.
Chapter 2: literature review:
The domestic militant landscape of Pakistan
Pakistan has been an abode of numerous militant extremist and jihadi groups, which
have remained active even considering the current time. With the close operational links with
afghan Taliban and AL – Qaeda, the influence of militant extremist has increased

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significantly in the economy. The domestic militants of Pakistan can be categorized into two
major types and the same are briefly discussed in the paragraph shown below.
The first type is the domestic sectarian groups such as sunny–deobandi and sipah-e –
saheba Pakistan (ssp) and the lashkar – e jhangavi which operate by focusing cities and
population living in such cities. The second category covers the Pakistani Taliban which is
also known as tehrik–e–Taliban (TTP). They are considered to be brutal and is umbrella
organization. The Pakistani government in order to bring about law and order in the economy
introduced a new counter terrorism strategy which is known as the twenty-point national
plan. The Pakistani prime minister Nawaz Sharif and Pakistani army general Raheel Sharif
have addressed that the all the terrorist’s groups are to be demolished and the new counter
terrorism strategy focused on the same. The aim of the government was also to ensure that
peace can be brought about in the affected areas where such terrorist groups were active.
Thus, heavily relying on the blunt instruments and adding the force to counter terrorism risks
does more harm to undermine constitutionalism, democratic governance and the new rules
focusing on jihad mill. It is therefore imperative for the government to introduce a justice
system which can help in maintaining peace and prosperity in the economy. The military
intervention towards the counter terrorism could well put a certain risk over Pakistan’s
evolution into a more civilised and democratic state. The transition towards democratic state
following anti-terrorisms policies which would make the state more prosperous and also curb
any jihadi sentiments which might be arising in the country. Hence the military’s continual
undermining of the civilian authority since the democratic revolution in 2008 will remain as a
major challenge and the political leadership strategy will be falling to push back in order to
undermine creativity and authority2. After the inauguration of NAP, the Sharif government
2 Kfir, I., 2014. Sectarian violence and social group identity in Pakistan. Studies in Conflict &
Terrorism, 37(6), pp.457-472.

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will be implemented so that two majoe changes can be brought about and the predecessor
will be subjected to assign death penalty. On 6th January, 2015 the country on the 21st
amendment of law has addressed that the militants will try to end all the terrorist parties
which are active in different parts of Pakistan. The governmental policies which are
formulated is to provide some powers to the military so that they can take actions for
eradicating terrorism in the country. The actions and steps which are taken by the military
would be reviewed by an apex committee. Despite the claims to the country, the military who
have almost complete control over the national security and counter terrorism policies
targeting the jihadi groups. The security forces would also ensure that the national borders
of India and Afghanistan is maintained. Anti-India outfits will be having their activities
through the so-called charity fronts. The military based afghan insurgents, such as haqqini
network and they have targeted towards ongoing operation in the North Waziristan agency
federally administrated tribal areas. Instead they have been kept out of the terrorist’s groups.
Thus, empowered resourced police force remains the most creative tools for enforcing a
sustained and successful counter terrorism activity. It emphasises on the revenge and
retribution strategy of the law to undermine the citizen confidence and enforce fundamental
rights and rules towards law which will also fuel up grievances.
Pakistan’s challenge towards weak democracy:
The Imran khan government will now eye towards the repressing opposition voices
and preparing secretaries. Hence the policy makers, crisis group will be urging the EU to help
Pakistan to abide by the international commitments and keep on supporting the democratic
governance. However, the supreme court of Pakistan on 30th October have overturned death
sentence of a Christian women who was associated with the jihadi groups countrywide
demanding on the verdict’s reversal. All these protests have been ended towards the

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immunity to labaiks leadership and the same could be implemented to reinstate the death
sentence of that Christian women. The government actions appeared to relate a group which
emerges secretariat hatred and threats to the religious people and other minority’s people who
could be permitting the people to rebrand and enter policies without adding renouncing
militancy. Hence all these policies and procedures will be heavily implemented within the
government rules which could easily mainstream and try to implement internal saturation.
Hence another process will be implemented which lies between the counter terrorisms
commitments. Another challenge will be on the persistent political tensions. Having the
powers to contest the election process in July 2018. Thus, the Imran khan government will
be bridging down the divisions between the opposite parties. The government has some
targeted opposition leaders in the politicised corruption parties. The security forces are trying
to dissent with agreements with corrupted political figures within the civil society and media.
Therefore, it is high time for the European Union to replicate some new measurements and
steps which are as follows-
 Leverage down the Pakistan’s sensitivity towards the international standing aversion
and appropriation of the resources and to urge Pakistan to procure labaik leaders and
activists through fair trails and new process. The judges of Supreme Court are being
threatened in order to prevent them from giving fair trials and the same have an
impact on the overall justice system. The protest of November 2018 showed
destruction of public and private property which are collateral damage and basically
loss of the state. The government needs to implement legislations so that such an
incident do not take place and the justice system of the nation is not affected in any
manner.
 To lever down the changes towards the implications of changes in existing and to
enact the additional laws which could meet the international human rights standards to

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ban the jihadists from fund raising, recruiting and conducting attacks of the business
within the country and to the region.
 Continue to support all the democratic governance and the rule of law in Pakistan
which includes due process of prosecution of cases against the oppositions and to
enact the individual freedom. The government have also warned Islamabad to accept
the failures, to respect the freedoms of expansions, association, religion and beliefs
which could adversely affect the economy and global business environment.
Rise of religious intolerance and violence
The supreme court on 31st October 2018 have reviewed the case and ordered the
release of Aasia bibi, a Christian woman who had been sentenced to death in the month of
November 2010. In the response towards this the religious groups like tehrik – e –hind have
also launched violent protests countrywide and the labaik protestors gained to support of
many conservative Muslims chanting to hang her against the allegations. Hence the verdict
ordered by Supreme Court has been postponed and this urged soldiers to mutiny against the
army code and they have opted for striking the deal towards the process. They have argued
that the process would lead to violence and hence they have alleged to drop a petition to
reinstate her death sentence. Thus, in this way they have overruled the process and are
responsible to act over the violence. Thus, there is a short-term dilemma which is the reason
the government is also under a lot of pressure for changing the verdict. Meanwhile the
military were supposed to implement all the rules and regulations imposed by the government
and thus they were clear about their job roles. The jihadi parties have tried to rebrand and
enter into the political fields without renouncing militancy and risks, which permits such
groups to fuel up intolerance and secretaries. Mainstreaming could also play an important
role in the Pakistan’s counter terrorisms commitments. Another challenge could be the
persistent changes in the political situation. Thus, the government have targeted the political

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parties and the opposition leaders to the corrupted traits and where the security forces will be
cracked down on the process voice and the civil society and the media. There are different
news articles and papers and interviews have often stated about the counter terrorism and the
various implications of those process which have eyed on the topic significantly.
“Mere accusations of blasphemy can lead to death [in Pakistan], and those defending
the innocent have often been silenced.”
The process has emboldened by the governments backing down and the labaik
threatened to protest on 24th September. The government fearing down more violence and
quickly have placed the group leader and hundreds of activists under preventive measure and
techniques to prevent detention. Although the cases are being filled and still the prosecution
is under process. Similar incidences occurred in the past have stated that charge filling have
not changed the prosecution process. Hence the accused women who had been freed by the
courts and remains in hiding. Hence all those cases will be having the fear of religious
minorities and thus it remains hiding. There it is important for the government to reduce and
incite those problems and therefore it needs to revalue the communications procedure of the
government. Thus, mere accusations could lead to death and those who have supported to the
women have accused to death. Considering the example of Punjab governor Salman Tasser
who had been killed by his guard in the year 2011 for showing the support to the women. On
the other hand, labaiks emergence and growing influence will be closely tied to the Pakistan’s
military and intelligence orders and services which are longstanding use of the Islamists to
challenge the rivals by supporting their views on the political aspects. In the view of attacking
the people and going towards the prosecutions have concluded a deal with the militants where
the law minister had resigned and another bid farewell to these processes. Thus, it had created
a political font and it had deployed violence on the sense. Due to this process labaik had won

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2.2 million and emerged as the third largest memory to raise funds recruit and propagate the
secretariat agenda.
Crackdown to the political issues:
The militants backing of the PTI and its alleged support to the process so that it can
obtain support of the government since it targets the political economy which has been
marked as an important area. Hence the Pakistani militants will be needed to take strict
actions against the jihadist and thus the security resistance level will be increased and it will
be hard to demolish the groups. Apart from this another major attack could bring the two
nuclear armed neighbours to the brink of war. The political issues backing the PTI and the
support to this process will ensure the political acrimony and thus it will play a major role in
the political affairs. Reportedly all the military and juridical backing, the government will
now be pursuing the leadership quality and offer a legal process to this business. The
government will on the other hand try to bring out the political issues related to the anti-
terrorisms. Considering the example of a case in Pakistan where almost 200 people killed
followed by a terror attack. The government will be better served by working with the
parliamentary opposition to ban and prosecute groups which could refuse to show violence
and ensure propagation hatred.
Engaging with Pakistani government:
The European Union should need to push the Pakistani authorities to ease the political
substances, project minorities and stop the militants to let them enter into the politics without
any harm violence. Firstly, it is import that the government needs to focus on the traditional
emphasis on the rules of law and the opposition leaders could help to reduce the political
defences. Lastly the EU is important for Pakistan to work on the new rules and regulations
which are been implemented by the government to prevent the jihads and the other militants

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who could refuse to adjure the violence from the operations under names. The report ted
generated on October have stated that the extremist parties with the affiliations are to be
added to the terrorist’s groups and they will continue to fuel up the violence and threaten the
security of the Pakistani neighbours.
“Pakistan can only give excuses” :
Considering another example which have shocked the world is the pulwama attack
when on February 14th Pakistani jihadi groups have attacked the convoy of CRPF causing
massive terrorism and killing almost 40 CRPF personnel. It had caused massive terror over
the people India as well as to the rest of the world. However, the ministry of home affair has
been involved into the law and order and counter terrorisms duties were killed by a suicide
bomber drove an SUV loaded with 600pounds of explosives into it. After the attacks a
detailed investigation revealed that a group named jaish – e – Mohammad had accepted the
allegation of this mishap. However, the after effect of this attack was high as Indian cabinet
committee on security consisting of the Indian prime minister and four senior management
officials had announced to withdraw the most favoured nation word from Pakistan, evoked
high cost of import tax to the regular goods on Pakistan during trading of goods and services.
Despite the highs and lows in the relation between India and Pakistan there is no clear
evidence that Pakistan had dismantled the terror attacks. Although the frequency tells that the
cross-border inflations continue on a regular basis. Most of these terrorists are belonged to
different groups and then making those attacks successful. On the other hand, taking some
examples of different attacks such as the one in URI in the year 2016 have generally
benefitted to the negligence and good work deal to the luck. Apart from this the luck factor
have also favoured the lashkar – e – taiba group who operates all these things in the soil and
hence they cannot reply keeping themselves numb and just looking at the things. Here the
ambiguity and mishaps are totally responsible towards the mishaps caused. The nature of the

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terrorisms has been seen many fundamental shifts and during the process the violence in the
Jammu and Kashmir had alarming frequency in the major cities. The fatalities mounted with
between the attack and during that process many smaller attacks have occurred between that
points of time, it is seen that in most of the targets have been shifted to the primary militant
forces and the CRPF official. And hence it is intended by Pakistan to minimize international
attention and censure the project such as taking terrorisms being considered as an
unconventional military campaign. After this attack the Indian army had attacked back to
URI later in the year 2016. Considering the attack as a surgical strike with an assault to the
CRPF convoy by continuing the overall trend3. However, the Pakistani prime minister Imran
khan had emerged to the power with the help of the powerful parties and also had extended
the focus over the Kashmir issue. Thus, in order to cater to the various domestic procedures,
all the possible changes could be implemented if there is any chance over Imran’s elevation
and it might be helpful to India to take care of all the changes and add a new way to the
relationship, hence it will diminish and no matter what the outcome will be effective to the
next generation. However, this attack is also being implemented in the case of Afghanistan
and India is nervous about the military breakdown. Apart from this the news is also been
relied to the information related to the release of the supremo of al Qaida Masood Azhaar and
the organization has been involved into all kinds of terror attacks one of which will be attacks
on the Indian parliament and all these processes had involved into a massive military
mobilization in Pakistan. Hence the standoff has been provided a pretext for Pakistan to move
the military assets from the western frontier r tot its eastern bond in India which is been
considered as a move which had enabled the extinction of Osama bin laden and all the other
3 Baker-Beall, C., Heath-Kelly, C. and Jarvis, L. eds., 2014. Counter-radicalisation: Critical
perspectives. Routledge.

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al Qaeda leaders from the caves which had been considered as Pakistani cave. As per the
history it is seen that the in United States engagement in negotiation in the Taliban future of
the Afghanistan. The pulwama attacks are been considered as one of the terrorist’s safe haven
for Afghanistan and Pakistan and new Delhi is unlikely to be having an ongoing attempt to
normalize the Taliban and sponsors. However, India is trying to convey international efforts
to list Azhaar as international terrorists. However, the support of china towards Pakistan had
been giving more support towards terrorisms in Pakistan. Now with the Indian elections
around the corner, there is a certain change in the process and the prime minister of India
Narendra Modi has highlighted the decline of the terrorists attacks and it is been applied to
the major urban centres and the country as a whole. On the other hand, the violence in the
infected areas of Jammu and Kashmir also have picked up in the year 2016 with the Indian
security forces will continue to fall over the consequences. Hence it seems irresponsible to
predict the what retrievable to the coming days and at the same time largely living on aside
the Indian leaders who have been united in standing behind the security service of the
country.
Summary of the study;
A terrorist attack had been occurred in the year 2014 on an army school at peshwar
which had killed many people and many of them had been injured. The responsibility had
been accepted by the terrorist group called a tehrik – e – Taliban was being considered as
game changer move. Hence to counter apart the terrorisms strategy the Pakistani government
had implemented a plan called as twenty-point national action plan and this plan had been
considered to be successful and all these things had a major part towards the decrease in the
number of terror attacks. However, after six months the terror attacks are being continued and
hence it is also seen that the NAP looks for a well-deserved change in the business policies
and it happens to be a coherent strategy. Thus, heavily been relying on the blunt industry and

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lethal force to counter the process it is seen that the government had been able to reduce the
number of terrorists attacks in the country. However unsurprisingly there has been a little
evidence of progress of many NAP targets and hence the groups and individuals banned in
Pakistan and have also blacklisted the process under the UN council resolution 1267. Hence,
they had continued to operate freely and the efforts to regulate the madrasa sector, curb hate
speech and literate and blocking of the terrorist financing have been considered as best option
in order to hold tight the process. Apart from this a reformed and proper criminal justice
process have been taken care of which had provided a reverse course and meaningfully over
haul the shrinking. To reverse the process and revoking necessities along with the major
policy concessions the military. Hence the government should take care of the challenge in
order to replace an overly militarised response with some services. Hence a reformed and
strength criminal justice system and could have been helped to achieve NAP objectives.
Hence the Sharif government still have the opportunity to encash to the opportunity and it
could play a vital role in implementing and make an impact over the changed governmental
policies towards the anti-terrorism process. Thus, it could be said that the government could
play an important role to dismantle the terror financing and ending realization through new
speech and literature will be required to strengthen the capacity of provisional police forces.
Thus, the governmental bodies, newly implemented laws will be expected to impact over the
current business policy. Thus, the capacity will be endured due to the inadequacy of
resources, training, accountability and autonomy. Hence this technique could ensure the
changes needed towards the anti-terrorism policies in Pakistan and try to apply some counter
terrorism strategy. Thus, the government could have the upper hand over the counter
terrorism techniques.

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Chapter 3: methodological considerations:
Introduction to methodology:
In this section of the research methodology the research study introduces and
Identifies different types of method relating to different types of approaches, study, design
and strategies need to be implemented to get the final outcome moreover the study report
deals with sustainability over effecting proper amount of responses. Thus the research
methodology have focused over the proper outcome generated via the research approach.
However the study report generally does not provide any justified and resulting decision. But
the same helps to run towards an effective path. Hence the effective research methodology
helps to generate accurate and proper result towards this aspect. On the other hand the
research methodology helps to seize opportunities which could increase the number of
opportunities from the obtained research results,.
Research onion:
This research part also discuss about the research onion which plays an important role
related to this aspect. The research objectives are totally related to the use of the effective
possible research tool. In the addition to this the same research onion is an effective way to
obtain the resulted tasks. Hence this process is very effective and initiate a six pillar area of
task. The six resultant areas are basically related to the research process and technique which
could initiated by the researcher. Thus it can be said that the same work could be useful for
the effective use of research philosophy, research horizon and time horizon areas to be
considered.
Research philosophy:
The research philosophy deals with the researcher to identify the different areas of the
research study by using effective research design and research paradigm areas for counter

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terrorism areas of Pakistan. Hence the research philosophy generally comprises of four areas
namely positivism, interpretivism, realism and pragmatism. Hence the detailed analysis has
some set of characteristics which includes the areas like epistemology, ontology and apology.
Hence the positivism philosophy is an aspect which is properly related to the existence of
some significant technique. The interpretivism is an aspect which is related to the
understanding and recognition of some important qualities related to the human being. Hence
as far as this article is concerned it can be said that the study is fully related by considering
the actual quantitive and qualitative aspects. On the other hand in order to discuss the
research objectives the realisms rules and regulations have been utilised for the research
study. Thus the pragmatism study is a philosophy which is combined to the philosophises of
positivism and the interpretism obtained to the accuracy and research outcome.
Hence for this research study the impact of the counter terrorism measures in the most
affected areas of Pakistan have been dissected. Thus for the present case the researcher have
attempted to the new counter terrorism rules and regulations which have been implemented
by different areas in Pakistan. Thus the researcher have made a deep analysis to the
challenges mad in this issue. As a result the researcher have applied for the philosophy of
positivism by linking the theories and models discussed in the literature review section based
on the current context. Since the current context have evaluated the current counter terrorisms
measures in detail, the researcher here have not applied for the philosophy which is based on
the different strategies related by the government as well as all the theories and models.
Research approach:
The research approach is proving to be a most crucial step on the conduction of the
study for arriving at the actual and required outcome of the study. Here as per the research
study it can be stated that the steps are to be performing the desired research activities. The

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research objective are of basically two types like inductive approach and deductive approach.
However the inductive approach are those which are new and made to the use of the research
objectives. From the research details focused by the author’s eyes on the deductive approach
which are available for the conduction of the research study.
Here since the counter terrorisms measures are already meant by the respective
Pakistani government hence the inductive approaches are not going to be useful in this
aspect. Here the researchers have not gone for some new rules and techniques or else have
not established new theories out here. Thus the inductive technique have not utilised here and
the human responses are made focused over.
Research design
The research design provides with an exclusive opportunity and thus guides the study
paper have made to achieved a specific research objectives. The research design have a made
to realise the limiting and targeted goals for the researcher. Since the main focus of this report
is to focus over the desired mentioned goals. Here the research design is basically of three
types namely explanatory research design, expletory research design and descriptive research
design. The explanatory research design helps to draw the cause effect relationship.
Exploratory research design is basically performed to identify research report. Here the
research report focuses on the basic research report. On the basic research report have made
an opportunity to understand the knowledge base.
The research study have focused on the counter terrorism process and the
measurements of the challenges by exploring the biggest problems faced by the nation. Hence
the current research process have made a detailed description of the factors relating to the
counter terrorisms rules. The study report focuses of the main challenges. The research idea
deals with the list of recommendation for minimising the related issue. On the other hand the

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overall descriptive research design for conducting the research. The other research approach
cannot initially fail to depict the reasons and make the effective issue.
Research framework:
The fundamental data are required by the research study. The collections of the data
are based on the stud and targeted results achieved. Here as per the details the database are
been collected as the primary and secondary way. The secondary data have been collected by
the differeent sources like books, journals and websites to understand the speculative
conditions and spevulative design. Hence the same process could help to secure the current
research trend. Hencez as per the authors the secondary data is very useful since they are
readily available to the process. On the other hand it can also be said that since the primary
dataa have been generated from the human respondces, thus the data is much more authentic
than the secondary data. Thus by focusing over the actual data, it can be seen that the
researcherrr have used both the likes of the primary and secondary data without the data
related to the any particular openion. The primary database have also been clasified to
quantitative and qualitative dataabase. Howevever for this particular study both the
quantitatve and qualitative data have been this far.
Quantitative data;
The quantitative type of the data have been evaluated to the informations related to
the expected result. However the quantitative data provides the informations related to the
counter terrorisms rules based on the human perception over this topic. Henc the study
requires relatively bigger sample sizes for this aspect. Hence the feedback collected fromt the
general public or from different interviews it can be said that there are a lot of forces towards
this process. Hence the collected data will add a huge value to the process. Hence for the
lack of timeframe the collected data have been restricted to limited.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Quantitative data:
It is the fragmented information which could be useful to find the research results.
Thus the quantitative data provides the information related to the inclination of the human
perception for concerning the particular information. Hence the process requires relatively
bigger data to the information. Hence in a particular size the counter terrorism rules and
regulation for the quality assurance requirements. Here the researchers have gathered both the
primary and secondary data from difference sources and thus the data have obtained from the
relevant and different authentic sources to draw the conclusion for research objectives. On the
other hand it is expected that the consequences are to be valid. However the researcher have
gathered the data relating to measurement implementation for counter terrorisms strategy in
Pakistan. Thus the process is used in both the open and close ended questions. Hence the
quantitative data and since the same enables to gather the data in a large sample size. Hence
for the current study the survey questionnaire have been developed to the relevant
information. On the case the research objective the researcher have made the questionnaires
by sending the details of the feedback.
Sample size
The sample size is an aspect which is taken by the targeted respondents and the same
is collected for a larger population. Hence the sample enables a researcher to target the most
relevant information which do matches with the research name and objectives to the most
relevant information to match the aim and objectives. The sample random sampling
techniques have been conducted as per the research professional and hence it could provide
the research objectives by a random sampling techniques of a large sample and hence it is

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
also assessed that there have been bigger sizes considered to obtain and analyse the data of
the respondents. Thus the counter terrorism activities provide typical measures to the rules.
Data collection
The global terrorisms index share different data related to the terrorism in Pakistan from the
year 2000 to 2016. The database basically contains the graphs, charts, diagrams related to the
aspects-
(Source: global terrorism index)
Hence it can be said that the total number of deaths have been increased four times
more than the total number of techniques in the OCED countries. On the other hand it had

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
been seen that the total number of civilians have decreased from 2010 in 1796 to 612 in 2016.
Hence the value is degraded from the initial value of 2010. Hence if the data is plotted in the
trend analysis then the trend line will be downward trending.
Chapter 4: counter terrorism measures and its implications:
The United Nations general assembly have adopted global counter terrorism and
especially against the major countries like Pakistan and Afghanistan from where the birth of
terrorism has happened. Hence the major strategy is to emphasize and initialise new and
improved international efforts to curb down this practise and pave the way for counter
terrorisms. Hence through the adaptation of all the members states have agreed that for the
first time to a common strategic and operational terrorism in order to fight against it. Hence it
not only sends a clear message describes that terrorisms are unacceptable in all the areas and
changes are required individually and collectively to prevent and overcome the terrorism
spread by Pakistanis. Thus there are some practical steps require to contest the threats to
better coordinating the counter terrorism activities taken by the Pakistani government. Hence
the adaptation of this strategy have fulfilled all the commitments made the world leaders at
the meeting in the year 2005 to address on the required elements and measures required to
prevent the process of anti- terrorisms.

23
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Reviving the strategy:
The Pakistani government have reviewed the strategy which had been reversed
in every two years and thus by making it a living document attend to the members council to
form anti-terrorism practises. The fourth review of the strategy had taken place in june, 2014
and it was preceded by the overview stating about the terrorism landscapes. Therefore a
recommendation has been made to address the change as well as all the challenges and
threats , and a completion of the measures taken by the members states and united nations to
fight back against the terrorisms imposed by Pakistan. the global counter terrorisms occurs in
the form of resolutions and exercised a path to form which consists of 4 pillars and these are
been addressed below-
1. Addressing the conditions which is responsible to spread the terrorisms.
2. The important measures which could prevent and combat terrorism.
3. Measures to build as well as to increase the power of the states to combat and prevent
terrorism and to strengthen the role of the government.
4. Implementation of the measures and ensure respect for human rights for all and to add
the rules of law which acts on the fundamental basis for the face of terrorism.
Resolutions of the anti-terrorism strategy:
In response to the purpose and principles of the rules and responsibilities made to
ensure international peace and security. Thus relating to the strong condemnation of terrorism
in all forms and manifest the same process commited by the person and it constitute threats
towards international peace and security. Hence adapting to the measures as well as to
eliminate the international terrorism in related to the attacks of 9/11 and to the threats
towards the world summit, hence the main focus will be of towards the terrorism section.
Thus recalling to all the process and measures to generate the international terrorisms

24
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
including the rules and resolutions which threats towards the international peace and
harmony caused by security council terrorisms as well as some relevant resolutions will be
answered . thus recalling to the 2005world global terrorism summit outcome it is seen that the
Pakistan government should develop all the mandatory rules and regulations against terrorism
without any delay and thus the elements are been measured by the implementation of the
terrorism strategy to promote comprehensive coordinated and well framed outcome to
counter terrorisms and which takes into account all the extensive rules needed to follow in
this format. Thus to monitor the case it can be seen that all the methods and practises of
terrorisms in all the formats and manifestation are activities aimed at the destruction to the
human rights, fundamental freedom and delivery to the legitimated constructed government,
and thus the process in the community should make the necessary steps to enhance the
corporation to prevent and combat terrorism. Thus it can be depicted that the terrorism must
not have any relation to any country, religion, civilization or any kind of ethnic group. Thus
in respect to the report stated by the united nations council it can be stated that the Pakistani
government needs to make effective and healthy effort to sum up any kind of comprehensive
conversion to the international terrorism including the issues related to the global changes
and thus it can make any effective approach to implement counter terrorism. Thus it is
important to acknowledge the question of any high range conference under the rules and
regulations made by the United Nations council and make proper way of response to the
terrorism in all forms and applied conditions. Thus to make the development peace and
security the human rights council have to adopt and implement mutually responsive events.
Thus a speech to be made to provide and address the spread and rules of terrorism. Thus in
order to implement the counter terrorisms strategies there are some new ways and techniques
to be implemented within the government as well as to maintain all the values, beliefs and
cultures at the same time. These are –

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
 Expressing all the appreciation to the report presented by the United Nations it is
recommended that the global counter terrorism strategy has been shown to the
general assembly.
 Adaptation to the present resolution and its annex as to the United Nations counter
terrorisms strategy4.
 The main focus of the policy is to decide and value continuation and the
discussion on its relevant committee to form all the agenda related to terrorism
and counter terrorism. Thus it is important to undertake some effective steps to put
a stop on terrorisms activities as well as follow up some of the counter strategies.
1. Launch a higher level strategies at a higher level segment to the sixty first season to
examine in two years progress made in the implementation made to the strategy and
must update the changes and recognize the strategic changes can be made
immediately and some of them could be required in the coming few years and hence
the same could be implied to form proper objectives.
2. It is also important to invite the security general and deliver a speech regarding the
terrorisms spread by Pakistan globally and furthermore also to review the alternative
strategic tools and compliances as a whole.
3. The member state needs to be encourage the member states to rise against terrorism
and take appropriate actions against the any international, regional and sub-regional
organizations to support and implement all the effective strategy including the
mobilization of resources and expertise 5.
4 Wolf, S., 2016, June. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: An assessment of its
feasibility and impact on regional cooperation. In SADF Comment, South Asia Democratic
Forum (SADF), Brussels, Belgium.
5 Combs, C.C., 2017. Terrorism in the twenty-first century. Routledge.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
4. Apart from this it is further important t encourage any kind of non-governmental
entities and civil societies to make them encouraged and appropriately let them
understand the effective strategies to ply and enhance the same as well.
5. It is very much important to ensure and timely full-fledged developmental goals and
objectives which are been supported by most of the terrorist affected countries
including different parts of Pakistan and reaffirm all the conformation and summits
which could ensure no poverty and sustainable economic growth and overall global
prosperity.
6. To ensure global and social development and make all the agendas to every level as
goals for themselves and thus resigning the success to the area, thus in a nutshell the
terrorism could make huge effect to the employment and global economic territory.
And hence it could reduce the marginalization and the number of people who have
been victimized and new recruitment is done on terrorisms.
Data analysis

27
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Source: https://www.satp.org/backgrounder/pakistan)
Hence from this graph the secretariat violence in Pakistan had been shown here
from 1989 to 2002. Hence it had been seen that in 2001 the overall violence rate have
increased in the time period. Hence after the utilisation of the counter terrorisms have
implemented the rate of violence have decreased.
This report shows the overall terrorism rate in all over the globe and the rate of
attacks occurred during that period. It is seen that most of the Pakistani terrorist groups had
made certain dominations In this aspect and hence the number of targets have increased for
the time period. And the total death value have been increased in that time period.
Plan of action:
The United States nations council have planned some new rules and regulations
in which the committee is expecting to get actual outcome over the counter terrorism. Hence
te action plan which is likely to be implemented are as follows –
1. To condemn and counter all the terrorisms in all the forms and format whether it is
been committed by any terrorists groups of Pakistan or any other outsider groups for

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
any purpose and it constitutes one of the most serious threats for the international
threat and community .
2. The government needs to take some urgent actions in all forms and manifestations
and particularly put focus on the international protocols against terrorists and
implementing the same. However they need to make a good agreement and impose
comprehensive convention against terrorism.
3. Apart from this they could also implement all the general assembly resolutions on the
measures to eliminate terrorisms imposed by Pakistan as well as to protect the human
rights rules and regulations over international terrorists.
4. Implementation of the Security Council resolutions related to the terrorism and also
apply counter terrorisms policies over the subsidiary bodies of the Security Council in
fulfilment of tasks regarding whether they require assistance over the same for the
resolutions.
5. It is important to recognise international corporations who could undertake in order to
prevent and combat the terrorism who must comply with the compliance to the
obligations under the international conventions and protocols particularly with the
human right law, refugee law and international humanitarian law6.
Measures to address against terrorism and implementation of counter terrorisms:
In order to step up against terrorisms to undertake and implement big measures to
address the conditions and act against the spread of terrorisms and make the things include
but not make them limited to prolonged limited conflicts and dehumanization of the terrorists
6 Akhmat, G., Zaman, K., Shukui, T. and Sajjad, F., 2014. Exploring the root causes of
terrorism in South Asia: everybody should be concerned. Quality & Quantity, 48(6), pp.3065-
3079.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
victims in all the fonts and manifestations, lack of rules and regulations as well as to
implement the human rights rule and regulations, political exclusion, socio economic margins
and lack off good governance. Hence all these conditions can make certain excuse or justify
acts of the terrorisms problems.
1. It is important to continue and make a best possible use of the capacities to the United
Nations in the areas to conflict the prevention, negotiation, mediation, conciliation
and make certain contributions to the successful presentations and peaceful
resolutions to the prolonged unresolved conflicts. Thus it is important to recognise a
peaceful resolutions of those conflicts which could tend to contribute over the strength
and condemn to fight against terrorists.
2. In order to abide by the rules and regulations of the United Nations and to take certain
initiatives and programmes to promote dialogues, tolerance and unmatched
civilizations rule, the governments must promote mutual respect and prevent
determinations to deflate the religions, religious values, belief and cultures. Thus in
this regard there is a new rule which have been implemented under the united nations
security general over the initiatives taken for alliance of civilizations. Apart from this
similar initiatives could be taken by the other parts of the world also.
3. To promote the culture of peace, justice, human development , ethnic, natural and
religious tolerance and in respect of all the religions, rights and values, beliefs and
cultures by establishment of appropriate, effective and powerful rules and process and
empowerment of educations public awareness programmes, there are high
involvement of united nations educational scientific and cultural programmes through
the faithfulness of the civilizations .
4. In order to adopt those counter terrorism measures implemented by the Pakistani
government and in accordance to the obligations under the international laws which

30
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
could provide all the law incitement to commit terrorist attacks and all those could
likely prevent the counter terrorism to work on.
5. The government should always have to be highly cautious and hence the government
must collect updated information over the possible terrorist attacks forming and
therefore must comply new strategies to stop this. Some new techniques involve like
high frequency security system and high alertness. The government must also take
actions against terrorism, drug trafficking, arms trading in particularly air defence
strategy money laundering and chemical and biological materials which else could be
harmful and may pave the way for terrorisms and thus also the anti-terrorisms rules
could not be implemented properly.
6. In order to stop the terrorisms it is important for the government to abide by the new
rules and regulations which have been implemented by the United Nations
conversations against the transactions organized crime and three protocols are need to
be maintained.
7. It is important to take appropriate actions before asylum and the purpose of ensuring
the asylum seeker is not engaged in the purpose over the refugee actions and verifying
the status in the manner and to make contrary to the positions which is been stated in
the company rules and regulations previously.
Pakistan’s counter terrorism strategy:
Hence in a nutshell the terrorism strategy which had been implemented by the
Pakistani government had been taken into consideration since the time period Pakistani
president Mr Pervez Musharraf which had undergone right before the attacks OF 9/11. Hence
when Pakistan had compelled to step forward and hence tough measures had been taken care
of which had forced to fight against the jihadi groups of Pakistan. soon after the US attack
happened in the major areas of Afghanistan and Pakistan, suspecting to indulge against the

31
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
involvement of terrorist groups, hence there had been Taliban links and Islamic movements
of Uzbekistan and al quida entering into some major areas of Pakistan to spread terror attacks
.thus the government had no other choices but to operate against the major terrorist groups of
Pakistan and they have been given training of ter/rorists and to ensure the writ of government
to some administrated tribal areas for the first time since 2001. During that period of time
Pakistan had observed three different counter terrorism policies as well. Hence in the first era
the counter terrorism policies implemented by general Musharraf and his fellow groups.
Hence at this point of time during the attacks of 9/11 and thus by launching a global war on
terror and Pakistan as a partner carried out numerous military operations which had hold back
all the changes fall in the counter terrorism operation launched in the time of 2001 to 20087.
Counter terrorism strategy under Musharraf era:
Using the force and making the negotiations which are the major key instruments
while resolving all the conflicts between the parties. thus the historic evidence suggests that
the parties could go for certain rules and negotiations over the force of use to the interest and
hence they are carefully examine about the old situations without making certain
understanding about the local people, culture and historical beliefs which is added in the rules
and consequences of the main military operations. Thus the government general sent troops
to FATA and hence such process adds mixed outcomes and many of the soldiers had been
sacrificing their lives. Thus Pakistan had revisited the counter terrorism strategy and had
decided to go for negotiations. Thus as a result a peace agreement is signed in the year 2004
dealing with the Pakistani military government and general Musharraf. However in the later
7 Chughtai, M.W., 2013. The Impact of Rising Terrorism and Military Operations on Socio
Economic Culture of Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. A Journal of
Peace and Development, 3(1), pp.18-32.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
stage the whole scenario had changed as the peace agreement was sabotaged and strike
against terror continued to flow. Meanwhile America had started charging drones in the
terrorists groups thus by demolishing all their hiding places and killing many terrorists. Apart
from this US had been unhappy with the peace agreement because it believed that local tribes
were also responsible for this attack. Thus constant attacks from the US force had killed the
tribe’s leader. Thus due to this attack the relationship between local people and government
had been worsen which had turned the process into a battle
Military operations of Musharraf:
At the end of the operation in the year 2011 many militants off al quida and
Islamic movement of Uzbekistan and ETIM they all had moved to the Pakistani tribal area
for refuge. Thus it was beginning to the end of Pakistan. However Musharraf had ordered to
launch a military operation with a new code name against the military operations of the tribal
areas of Pakistan. Thus the force would be considered as a new security force in Pakistan.
Hence the basic aim to this process is to track, trace and target the militants hiding the place.
Apart from this on march 26th 2003 militants played important role towards counter terrorism
measures. Thus all these process had emerged victory over Pakistani government against
militants however after death of Nek Mohammad, Baitullah Meshed emerged as the leader of
the militants in that agency. Thus in February 2005, the government of Pakistan signed a
peace deal with Baitullah Meshed. According to the deal, the army agreed to remove troops
from Meshed territory, compensate the militants for human and material losses, and deplo
Corps personnel to the five places in South Waziristan Agency. By the agreement, the control
of the area was virtually handed over to Meshed tribe. Like previous agreement, this peace
deal was also short-lived. In early 2006, Meshed began organised a suicide bombing
campaign in Pakistan, which persisted until his death in August 2009. This operation lasted
for four years and the Pakistan Army captured hundreds of foreign militants linked with Al-

33
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Qaeda, IMU and many other transnational groups. AL Qaeda and their affiliates faced huge
setbacks and their command and control structure was seriously disrupted. One may assume
that it was tactical victory for the Pakistani army who had regrouped against the terror attacks
of Pakistan. Thus the military attacks had been fully involved with counter terrorisms
strategy. Thus the regime did not imposed any changes towards the process. For this reasons
they have developed, reconstructed, rehabilitated the establishment of the military operation.
Socio economic cultures have also made some good vibes in this case as the after effect of
this counter terrorism have made a huge effect over the economics and hampered political
endurance also. Due to this there had been heavy effect in the regular products as well as the
import and export of those goods and services , the industry had witnessed major fall in
production, the market came down to halt. Thus due to military effect the rules and
regulations had been highly demotivating for the government. In 2008, security situation in
Bajaur Agency worsened and the militants started receiving huge support from their like-
minded groups in Afghanistan. The situation recorded was very bad and thus the policy-
makers in government proposed the launching of military operation in Bajaur Agency in
2008, code-named as ‘Operation-Sheer-Dill’ to establish its value in Bajaur. Approximately,
8000 Frontier troops backed by Cobra Helicopters took part in the ‘Operation-Sheer-Dill’ but
the Pakistan Army faced significant resistance. On the contrary, militants faced huge setbacks
as compared to security forces of Pakistan, as per record, more than 1000 militants were
killed. 13 As a part of strategy, the command and control structure of the militants was
targeted and dismantled. It was assumed that the commanders of TTP fled away to
Afghanistan. Pakistan military established new check posts close to the Afghan border along
with formulation of local Lash Kars to quell any cross border attacks in Bajaur Agency. For
the first time in Pakistan, thousands of people were internally displaced but after the
operation, the government repatriated Bajer tribesmen. Moving down, in 2008 another

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
operation was carried out in the Khyber agency with a different code name which had
conducted an operation to the coercive strategy and thus had cleared the mind set over the
way the operation has been moved. However the operation had been looked towards securing
the supply routes of NATO forces in Afghanistan and no such militants had been kidnaped or
killed in this process. However the major countries had continuously done air force attacks
over terrorist parties. thus there has been continuous fighting between the local militants
groups and air strikes by Pakistani militants had compelled local tribes to mitigate safer
places . Thus at times of analysing counter terrorism policies one could highlight a fact of any
missing strategy that was considered as political strategy. Thus after thee operations the gaps
had been never felt towards the political leadership. Hence the same had resulted mayhem
and big problems. Besides this the Pakistani army had been engaged in tribal groups with no
habilitation to the projects in the minds of tribalism. Despite of big losses which they had
suffered and could not be able to established in tribal areas. Thus the military have eared
some external supports to grow stronger and ferocious afterword’s in order to take revenge
for killing the counter parts of leadership.
Role of the people party government in counter terrorism:
The counter terrorisms strategy imposed by people’s party government was
effective from 2008 to 2014. However the strategy is fully based on 3D approach which is
deterrence, development and dialogue. It is also observed during this situation is the
government have decisively persuaded US to launch strong military approach against terrorist
groups in western and other parts of Waziristan. The government had carried out two
different operations in this case. In the year 2009 the government had tried to settle the issue
with peaceful solution which was not that much effective to be true. Government had also
dealt with the militants in swat valley and had accepted their demand for enforcement of
major terrorism strategy which could in in turn settle all the long standing issues once and for

35
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
all. Thus with no effect to the militants in making any peaceful solutions, the government had
no other choice but to clean up all the messes from the highly affected areas of Pakistan. The
operation code named as Rah –I- Raast had been targeting to demolish all the terrorisms
groups in swat valley. Due to this issue the government had deployed almost 45000 troops in
that along with airborne force of almost 5000 men in special service group. However the
outcome was great since government had taken control for most of the affected areas.
Typically to this operation most of the terror groups were destroyed and rest of them ran
away to Afghanistan. Pakistan army had faced a lot of casualties thanks to this attack and and
many had been arrested. Since there had been major success to this operations, the
government had thought that it had implied good effects over the terrorism, but the major
leadership group had been shifted to Afghanistan. Consolidated the main position of the
country against the security forces and militants. Approximately two million people had been
disrupted during this operation and repatriated successfully. Meanwhile, government decided
to target the South Waziristan Agency. Initially Pak-Army cleared some areas but main
leadership of TTP moved to other areas. Huge cache of arms and ammunition were captured
and destroyed too. The operation closed all the options for militants in South Waziristan
Agency. The TTP had no other option but to run for life. Ultimately they got refuge in North
Waziristan Agency, from where they regrouped and started new wave of terrorist attacks
against Pakistan. It was failure of the PPP government to hand over decision making for
operations in tribal areas to Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani.
According to former Director General Inter Services Public Relations (ISPR) Athar Abbas, in
principle, the high command decided to launch operation in 2011 but due to General
Kayani’s reluctance delayed this operation for four years .Pakistan faced huge economic and
human losses during this period. The civilian leadership had no choice but to launch
operation in North Waziristan Agency.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Counter terrorism strategy in PML in 2013 to 2014:
Likewise other Pakistani organisations the Pakistani Muslim league had also
implemented some new strategies counter terrorism in Pakistan. It is seen that despite of all
the hard work and talks to the force, no such deliberate actions had been taken by the military
organizations which had forced the groups to counter attack the terrorists. Due to all those
operations organised in the past, it is seen that different pre negotialtional demands were
rejected by the militants after making the negotiations in the past. Hence at a certain point
the PML did believe that use of force could not provide any proper results so the state could
try to negotiate with all the group. Thus the government had set up a committee in order to
provide some justifications to the process and hence could have incorporated new rules, but it
went vague. Thus the failure attacks with TTP has launched air strikes to typically
incorporated places of Pakistan. Soon after it Pakistani government had been told to launch
air strikes against the terrorist groups and supremacy over them. Another important operation
stood coded as zarb e- azb in Waziristan agencies in the year 2014 with almost 30000 militant
groups. In this operation major part had been played by the air force. Hundreds of Uzbek,
TTP and al quida militants had been killed during this process. Thus this operation had paved
the way for successful counter terrorism strategy and hence it has been considered as
important chapter towards successful counter terrorisms strategy.
Chapter 5: conclusion:
From the above discussion finally a conclusion could be drawn by stating that
the counter terrorism strategy would be incomplete without the post war reconstruction,
rehabilitation, capacity building, employment and empowerment of new rules and regulations
over the tribal areas. Hence it is a fact that all the unemployed and deprived communities
could be attracted to the terrorists groups and can also be exploited to the government. Thus
the political government had been formulating the comprehensive line of action to this

37
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
process and also they had been targeting those areas which had been highly affected by
terrorist groups. The tribal areas had been integrated to mainstream the country and
educational infrastructure and the same must be ensured by the help of the governmental and
non-governmental expenditures. It is also seen that from 2007 to 2016 the field of terrorisms
in Pakistan had seen so many ups and downs as well as some new developments with regard
to many of some methodological issues which had been plagued it for decades .on the above
of this it is seen that the data collection such as primary and secondary data collection had
been made over conduction of different surveys and data tools. The questionnaires collected
from the report which focused on the stats of how many people have died over the years due
to the terrorists attacks occurred not only in Pakistan but also all over the world. Apart from
this a cases study is been made plying on the policy changes related to counter terrorisms by
analysing its effect in the political and economic aspects and also cultural aspects utilised by
all terrorists groups . Thus in the above all the necessary and incomplete aspects have been
analysed completely in details. Since there has been very big difference between the idea and
ideology over all the terror attacks in different places of Pakistan and Afghanistan, the
concern does not only focus on the changes of idea but also how the government had taken
actions against all the terrorist militants groups and normal people8. As per the reports and
articles it is seen that during that period of time many operations had been taken under the
authority of Musharraf government and PML party. However all the major counter terrorists
operations had one focus in mind, which as to demolish all the groups and bring back stable
8 Gearon, L., 2013. The counter terrorist classroom: Religion, education, and
security. Religious Education, 108(2), pp.129-147. Gearon, L., 2013. The counter terrorist
classroom: Religion, education, and security. Religious Education, 108(2), pp.129-147.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
economic situation in the country9. The Pakistani government had implied different new rules
and regulations to the process and they are not been made of appropriate use to the
government. Hence separate extremists and terror groups from the people will try to mobilise
over sound academic, relevant and independent academic research is essential10. Hence for
such research there is gravity looking in Pakistan, individual researchers and universe
requirements and some few other tanks are all been structured and capable of doing such
research. Rather in this case gravity lacks in Pakistan and the researchers are capable of
taking new orders. Thus supporting all the emergence and development of such organisations
is a given area to think about11. Thus in order to make sure that no such terrorist activities
occur in not only Pakistan but also to the other parts of the world, it is important to make sure
that government takes strict measures and try to implement new rules and regulations over
terrorism activity. Hence the most important aspect which is needed to look after currently is
the government’s willingness towards the counter terrorisms and measurements needed to
consider in this aspect while formulating and implementing policies. Thus expectation and
proof of such willingness would help to mobilise intellectual and company financial report
for conducting such cases. But on the other hand this would not be considered as strong
9 Acosta, B. and Childs, S.J., 2013. Illuminating the global suicide-attack network. Studies in
Conflict & Terrorism, 36(1), pp.49-76.
10 Novelli, M., 2017. Education and countering violent extremism: Western logics from south
to north?. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 47(6), pp.835-
851.
11 Foley, F., 2013. Countering terrorism in Britain and France: Institutions, norms and the
shadow of the past. Cambridge University Press.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
government rules and process and these will give a strong commitment to the government to
fight against terrorism. However in short the counter terrorism does need to follow the below
conclusions –
1. The council reveals strong hand over terrorisms in all form and malfunction,
committed by different purposes. Terrorism constitutes one of the most serious threats
to international peace and humanity. The council has been applied by the terrorist
attacks and it have taken place all over the world and it pays all the respect to victims
and hence some provisions are made to provide condolence to thee victims, their
families and friends. The state council considers terrorism and it creates devastation
irrespective of any religions. The terrorist attacks have been given chance to appear
for counter terrorisms. Thus it prevails the terror groups in operating networks ,
terrorists and alone12. Foreign terrorist fighters also create a big amount of terrorism
and they are been inspired by most of the major terror groups., cyber related
challenges, different ideologies and beliefs which could lead to impact on the counter
terrorisms which had been evolved over the years13.
2. The European nation have gained some vital interest over the process with most
of the bilateral, regional and multinational partnerships in countering as well as
evolving globally and internationally diversified threats and it stands together as an
address to counter against terror attacks. Hence it is said that the efforts made by
12 Ahmed, N., 2014. Pakistan's Counter-terrorism strategy and its Implications for domestic,
regional and international security.
13 Abrahms, M. and Potter, P.B., 2015. Explaining terrorism: Leadership deficits and militant
group tactics. International Organization, 69(2), pp.311-342.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
European council needs to be highlighted and the development is needed also
certainly in incremental and developmental way. Thus taking into account all the
needs and importance to counter terrorisms globally, the bilateral efforts taken by
them, needs to be justified.
3. Recalling the member’s states could be getting responsibility for additional
terrorism. Hence such process have many new ways. Thus counter terrorism in
different areas are needed to be justified with various EU strategies as well as new
regulations. The EU is generally well positioned to counter terrorism and violent to
strategies counter terrorism and provide uniqueness to this approach. Development is
also required in the laws that are currently implied within the government. Thus the
particular situation to women and girl are also added to this process.
4. The FAC rules and regulations have also played an effective role regarding this
process.in the year 9th feb , 2015,there are certain activities which have demonstrated
all the merit and demerits. They have also made to strengthen as well as adapt to
some new challenges and changes. Hence the people continue to expect responsible
and determined action. EU efforts in countering terrorism are a priority in the Global
Strategy, which recalls that security at home that depends on peace and stability on
our borders. Hence it states that the report of European council would be having an
effective and implementing international policy. Hence in a nutshell it can be said that
the counter terrorism aspects and the measurements have been made an clarified all
the aspects needed to be made. Since terrorism had been having an immense effect
over the political and global scenario, thus it is high time to imply certain strategies
and provide justifiable consequences to the terrorists groups that any kind of terror
attacks will be strictly prohibited. Since the objectives of this counter terrorism will be
to strictly disallow all the terrorist activates and to make the other countries terror

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
free, thus it is to be concluded that all the counter terrorism rules have been properly
applied and the reports have suggested that after effect of the counter terrorism have
been properly justified. The objectives have been correctly fulfilled thus minimizing
the terror activities over the government.
Recommendation:
In order to stop the financing of the terrorists groups of Pakistan and other major parts
of Afghanistan, the financial task force or FTF have been established. The main moto of this
organization is to find the best possible sources of terrorisms and other areas and to take
important actions based on the case. Hence in case to stop all the terrorism activities in
Pakistan as well as to some of the major parts, there must be a key role to be played by this
organization. Therefore some strict actions are to be recommended by this organization.
These are as follows –
Identification of risks, policy development and collaboration:
The countries need to identify, assess and understand the money laundering and
terrorist financing to the country, therefore an action is important also. Thus the action has to
be including design based authority and mechanism to assess risk, apply resources and aim to
mitigate possible risk factor. The approach should be having essential foundation to mitigate
efficient number of resources across anti money laundering and counter terrorism approach as
well as to implement risks based measurement In FATF recommendation. Here the countries
could identify lower amount of risks which they could decide and allow simplified methods
of risk assessment under certain conditions. Thus the countries need to have sound financial
conditions and need to designate all the non-financial business and professions to identify,
assess and formulate effective actions in mitigating money laundering as well as to reduce
risks.

42
PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
National cooperation and coordination:
Countries need to have the risks identified and these should be regularly reviewed.
Thus an authority needs to be designated to such coordination and other mechanisms and
rules are also needed to be addressed currently14. Countries should ensure policy makers,
financial intelligence units , law enforcement authorities , supervisors and other relevant
competent authorities at operational levels. Hence there is also a place needed to mechanise
and add certain domestic technology driven information’s in this aspects. Thus terrorists
financing and dealing in weapons could be enough for mass destruction. Henceforth there is a
need of cooperation and coordination between the authorities to ensure privacy rules and
other similar offences.
Pursuing of money laundering, terrorist financing and proliferation.
Money laundering offense is another criminal aspects which most of the major
terrorists groups are relying on. Hence it is been considered as one of a serious threat with a
view to the widest range of predictive offences.
On the other hand the countries could adopt similar measure to address such cases.
Curentlty in most of the convocations, seminars and meetings all the countries are going for
measurements towards terrorists financing and to enable competitors to freeze or seize the
following things like land or property, instruments of money laundering, allocated or gifted
property or property of certain corresponding value. Hence there are certain measurement
process which are bee addressed in this scenario like-
 Identify, trace and evaluate property subjected to confection.
14 Abrahms, M. and Mierau, J., 2017. Leadership matters: The effects of targeted killings on
militant group tactics. Terrorism and Political Violence, 29(5), pp.830-851.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
 Carrying out or freezing or seizing any physical property, transfer or disposal of any
third party property.
 Taking of steps to prevent and void actions to take or recover any void plots or places.
 Taking appropriate negative measures
Adding some preventive measures for financial sectors as well as for the other designed
sectors.
Establishment of power to the authority, law enforcement and take some institutional
measures. Thus the countries could look to adapt certain measures or implement new
prejudices without a need to record criminal conviction. All these aspects require to
demonstrate the lawful origin to the property alleged to be in the constitution and with the
consistent requirements to show the principles of law.
Terrorists financing:
It is a big offensive act now a days. It is done on the basis of financing
convocation and shod criminalise not only for funding them but also funding the terrorists
organisations and the individual terrorist even in the absence of the link to a specific act or
acts. Thus the countries need to ensure that no such financial organisations gets to fund for
terrorists groups especially in Pakistan. Apart from this the targeted financial sanctions are
also needed to be taken care of as per the rules of United Nations to prevent and supervise
terrorist financing. They must need to ensure that no such fund or assets are available both
directly and indirectly for the benefit of human beings designed by or authorised by the
United Nations special council including in accordance with different resolutions and its
successor resolutions or designed by pursuance of resolutions15
15 Qazi, S.H., 2013. A war without bombs: Civil society initiatives against radicalisation in
Pakistan. Policy Brief, 60.

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PAKISTAN’S ANTI-TERRORISM MEASURES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
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