Paranoid Schizophrenia Assignment

Paranoid Schizophrenia 1
PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA
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Introduction
This following write-up is an assessment of Kelvin’s condition diagnosis, his suffering
with and definition of the term paranoid schizophrenia which has been identified. The essay will
also outline the signs and symptoms that Kelvin presents with, and the etiology will be explored
to understand the cause of his mental condition. Having examined his situation, it's imperative to
demonstrate an understanding of ways to promote his health and recovery concepts to enable his
recovery.
Diagnosis of Paranoid Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia refers to a mental disease that makes individuals to view the realities of
life differently albeit abnormally (Barrantes-Vidal, Grant, and Kwapil, 2015). On the other hand,
Paranoid Schizophrenia is a severe mental disease that cuts an individual from the reality. The
case study shows Kevin's hallucination which is auditory as he hears voices that do not exist.
Kevin also has paranoid delusions; he believes that the government wants to harm him
prompting him to hide indoors. Moreover, Kevin has misinterpreted the man who tells him about
'cover signal.' Therefore Kevin thinks in a disorderly manner and is behaving abnormally.
The combination of the conditions associated with Paranoid Schizophrenia instills a
strange behavioral change in the victim. Moreover, the patient loses the drive to perform daily
duties including absenteeism from the workplace (Galván‐Arrieta et al., 2017). The case study
indicates that Kevin quit his part-time job. A person who has Paranoid Schizophrenia requires
long-lasting medical care (Lawrence et al., 2015). The clinicians should firstly conduct
preliminary tests and treatment to manage the symptoms. However, a detailed treatment
timeframe restores a normal victim state.
Etiology of Paranoid Schizophrenia

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Paranoid Schizophrenia occurs as a result of abnormalities in the Central Nerves System
(CNS) (Subburaju, Coleman, Ruzicka, and Benes, 2016). The dysfunctions arise as a result of
the reduced size of the CNS and destruction of the gay matter components of the brain (Misiak et
al., 2017). The condition is hereditary especially from an individual’s parents (Misiak et al.,
2017). The situation results from overworking at the place of work. Additionally, infection by a
virus leads to the disease (Misiak et al., 2017). Low levels of oxygen at birth also cause paranoid
Schizophrenia (Misiak et al., 2017). The above morphological changes in the brain structure
occur at the early stages of the disorder.
The long-term progression of Paranoid Schizophrenia results from entirely different
abnormalities of the Brain (Lawrence et al., 2015). When the condition sets in, the healthy brain
metabolism stops. Thus, the brain lacks enough energy to perform its coordination functions
(Lawrence et al., 2015). The resulting delusions and hallucinations are as a result of increased
activity by the system of the mesolimbic section of the brain (Sakamoto, and Crowley, 2018).
Signs and Symptoms of Paranoid Schizophrenia
Auditory Hallucinations: refers to perceiving things that are not real. Kevin understands
that the government is conducting experiments in his brain (Misiak et al., 2017). In reality, the
government is not monitoring him. Kevin feels that the guy at the pub is pointing at him while in
the real sense; the guy is on an entirely different topic. Paranoid Delusion is another symptom. A
delusional individual has incorrect beliefs (Misiak et al., 2017). Kevin believes that the
government is monitoring his movement, which is a false assumption. A schizophrenia patient
develops a negative attitude towards different aspects of life. The negativity in Kevin makes him
terminate his job and stay indoors away from family members.
Health Promotion and Recovery

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Medication interventions
The treatment process includes medication and psychotherapy. The drugs that doctors
recommend are mostly antipsychotics (Baker, Konova, Daw, and Horga, 2018). Patients whose
body systems reject the drugs should get an injection with the liquid forms of the dosage.
Additionally, the treatment can combine a broad range of care options. The simplest of the
combinations involve injection and drug administration (Baker et al., 2018). Apart from the
medication, the doctors and the family of the patient can take them through physiotherapy.
Psychological Intervention
Psychotherapy enables the patients to manage the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia.
The interventional regiment boosts the body functions (Baker et al., 2018). Thus, the intervention
uplifts behaviors such as staying indoors always. The doctors should train the patient on the
essence of social interactions. The training enables the victim to stop staying indoors and freely
interact with family and friends (Baker et al., 2018).
Social aspects of the intervention
After recuperation, family members should help the patient to get another job. Since the
disease leads an individual to quit their job, they need a new employment opportunity
(Barrantes-Vidal, Grant, and Kwapil, 2015). The doctors should assist the patients to manage the
depression that the condition brings to the victims (Baker et al., 2018). Individuals who have
Paranoid Schizophrenia require support, love, and care from the relatives and the nurses. The
family can assist the patient to assess the best treatment options (Mondino et al., 2015).
Additionally, the relatives can also help the victims in symptoms management and get their
normal lives back.
Awareness and Recovery

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The medical stakeholders, media, and the government should join hands and train the
general public on how to deal with future paranoid schizophrenia. Family members should
maintain a healthy relationship (Mondino et al., 2015). Additionally, the job market should
readily absorb the people living with paranoid schizophrenia after their rehabilitation (Barrantes-
Vidal, Grant, and Kwapil, 2015). In case of a future reoccurrence of the disease, the family
should not hesitate in alerting the doctors (Mondino et al., 2015). The relatives should improve
the amount of love and support towards the patient (Mondino et al., 2015). The relatives should
research to understand the signs and symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia. They should
recognize the symptoms at early stages and deal with the symptoms at the appropriate time
(Millan, Fone, Steckler, and Horan, 2014). The health facilities should offer affordable treatment
for the victims (Barrantes-Vidal, Grant, and Kwapil, 2015). The government should equip health
facilities with appropriate resources to manage schizophrenia (Millan et al., 2014). Health
facilities should have an elaborate framework for dealing with individual symptoms of the
disease.
Conclusion
Paranoid Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that causes auditory hallucinations and
paranoid delusions to the patient. Kevin has paranoid schizophrenia. Apart from the delusional
feelings and the tendency to hallucinate, the disorder impacts negativity on the mind of the
patient. Caring for the patient involves giving them medication and psychotherapy. The patients
require love and support from the relatives. The family members should help them get new
employment after rehabilitation.

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References
Baker, S., Konova, A., Daw, N. and Horga, G., (2018). T216. Deficient Belief Updating
Explains Abnormal Information Seeking Associated With Delusions in Schizophrenia.
Biological Psychiatry, 83(9), p.S212.
Barrantes-Vidal, N., Grant, P. and Kwapil, T.R., (2015). The role of schizotypy in the study of
the etiology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 41(suppl_2), pp.S408-
S416.
Galván‐Arrieta, T., Trueta, C., Cercós, M.G., Valdés‐Tovar, M., Alarcón, S., Oikawa, J.,
Zamudio‐Meza, H. and Benítez‐King, G., (2017). The role of melatonin in the
neurodevelopmental etiology of schizophrenia: A study in human olfactory neuronal precursors.
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Lawrence, D., Johnson, S., Hafekost, J., Boterhoven de Haan, K., Sawyer, M., Ainley, J. and
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Australian child and adolescent survey of mental health and wellbeing.
Millan, M.J., Fone, K., Steckler, T. and Horan, W.P., (2014). Negative symptoms of
schizophrenia: clinical characteristics, pathophysiological substrates, experimental models and
prospects for improved treatment. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 24(5), pp.645-692.

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Misiak, B., Stramecki, F., Gawęda, Ł., Prochwicz, K., Sąsiadek, M.M., Moustafa, A.A. and
Frydecka, D., (2017). Interactions Between Variation in Candidate Genes and Environmental
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Mondino, M., Jardri, R., Suaud-Chagny, M.F., Saoud, M., Poulet, E. and Brunelin, J., (2015).
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and resting-state functional connectivity of the left temporoparietal junction in patients with
schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42(2), pp.318-326.
Sakamoto, K. and Crowley, J.J., (2018). A comprehensive review of the genetic and biological
evidence supports a role for microRNA‐137 in the etiology of schizophrenia. American Journal
of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 177(2), pp.242-256.
Subburaju, S., Coleman, A.J., Ruzicka, W.B. and Benes, F.M., (2016). Toward dissecting the
etiology of schizophrenia: HDAC1 and DAXX regulate GAD 67 expression in an in vitro
hippocampal GABA neuron model. Translational Psychiatry, 6(1), p.e723.