Passenger Travel Planner Report 2022

Passenger travel Planner
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Passenger travel Planner
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................1
2.0 Information Management and Integration.......................................................................................1
2.2 Application and Data Storage Infrastructure Design.....................................................................2
2.2 Application and Service Integration.................................................................................................2
2.3 RESTful Web Services......................................................................................................................3
2.4 Mashup................................................................................................................................................4
3.0 Demo Running Instructions...............................................................................................................4
4.0 Conclusions.........................................................................................................................................4
References................................................................................................................................................5
Appendices................................................................................................................................................6
Page i of xii

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Page ii of xii

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1.0 Introduction
According to Krafzig, Banke and Slama (2005) Service-oriented architecture refers to an
architectural model which integrates and ensures uninterrupted communication between
services in order to accomplish a given task. Web services are the building blocks to a service
oriented architecture. This shows that whenever web services are integrated together within an
application, the application will make use of service-oriented architecture. Through the
integration of applications and services, the data used by these services are also shared
between each other in order to improve the quality of the decisions and quality of the business
operations supplied to the customers of a given enterprise. SOA has a number of significant to
the user. However, the most important one is modularization of a given application ensuring
the addition of new services and removal of services at will. This report will offer a deeper
understanding of some of the concepts of service oriented architecture such as enterprise
information integration, cloud computing and enterprise application integration. This will be
demonstrated through the use of a Passenger travel Planner application which will be
developed through the use of REST technology and Mashup techniques.
2.0 Information Management and Integration
Halevy et al. (2005) defined Enterprise information as a real time integration of data and
information improving the access of the information through a single, consolidated data store.
This technology is used whenever an integrated applications requests for current data and
information from a different sources which have also been integrated together. New sources of
data can be integrated together. In order for a given organization with many data repositories
to combine the data to form a single data layer they require to follow a method that best fits
their data repositories. Halevy et al. (2005) stated that EII is developed using three methods,
direct access, use ETL technology and enterprise application integration.
Direct access allows the different data sources within an organization to be directly accessed.
The data to be accessed must be defined during development so that any changes to a given
data store may reflect on the applications that have accessed it. However, this method lacks
reusability and data owners cannot tell or control other application’s access of data.
Extract Transform Load technology is a method that is used when developing a central data
store known as a Data Warehouse. This is used to store homogenous data from different
storage locations. It acquires data from the different locations, transforms it and stores it in the
central store. Although this method is helpful for storing homogenous data, it is not suitable for
heterogeneous data.
Enterprise application integration method is used while integrating business processes from
more than two applications through APIs. This method helps in the execution of transactions
and flow of processes. However, it cannot deal with complex and complicated queries.
Design strategy

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EasyJet can apply enterprise application integration method during the integration of data and
information from the different applications within the company. This will allow the applications
to share their data and information thereby improving the business operations. Furthermore
this will improve the quality of data and strategic decisions obtained from the data.
2.2 Application and Data Storage Infrastructure Design
Cloud computing represents everything used to deliver services over the internet as stated by
JoSEP et al. (2010). Distinct characteristics of cloud services includes it is scalable as users can
have as much services as they need and management of the services is done by the provider
thus reducing the requirements the user needs. Alhamad, Dillon and Chang (2010) mentioned
that the Cloud can either be public or private. A public is capable of selling services to all who
are using the internet while private can only sell to limited users. Some of the common cloud
infrastructures include SaaS (Software-as-a-Service), PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) and IaaS
(Infrastructure-as-a-Service).
IaaS cloud vendors offer virtual servers and storage to allow their users to be able to migrate
their operations to a virtual machine. They also provide APIs to support the migration process.
PaaS cloud vendors offer the tools for development within their infrastructure. Users may
access the infrastructure through the use of a gateway, portal or internet through the use of an
API. It is majorly used as a development platform.
SaaS this type of cloud service is used to deliver a given application across the internet. The
application or software delivered using SaaS distribution are known as web services. Users
making use of this distribution can access the web services in any location using any device
having access to the internet.
Design strategy
A number of organizations are still very hesitant to put data and workload on the public cloud
due to the fear of theft, unauthorized access and outage since these organizations follow a very
strict regulation and have complex obligations. However there has been development of logical
isolation that has been approved as reliable. Moreover the development of encryption of data
and authentication and authorization access management has further improved the security of
the cloud and therefore EasyJet can make subscribe for cloud services.
2.2 Application and Service Integration
According to Linthicum (2000) Enterprise application integration is a paradigm that enables the
integration of software and hardware together. Examples includes integrating web services,
business processes and many more. EAI is also referred to as unrestricted and unlimited sharing
of information and processes in a given business for all applications and storage locations
within a given organization. EAI has been divided into two major logical architectural
integration which influences the type of method used during integration.
Methods of EAI and their advantages and disadvantages

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In data level, the data stores or databases of the integrated software are integrated either
through push or pull. In push method, one’s application data store is pushed to another’s
database while in pull one application request data through the use of SQL calls. This type of
method allows any changes made to any data store will be reflected to all applications that are
integrated together however it is very add to keep the data from the integrated application
intact.
In UI-level, the UI code and integration logic are tied together either through scripts or proxy.
Proxy-based makes use of the interfaces of the integrated application in order to get data and
insert data to the legacy system. Scripting-based integrates data by embedding the integration
code onto the components events of the application UI. This method is useful whenever an
application’s business logic has been embedded on the UI or whenever direct access of
information and data is impossible however integration done using this method is difficult to
maintain and changes in the application UI occurs.
In application-level, the integrated applications and their APIs alongside their frameworks are
used. This method allows the preservation of data integrity through invocation of business
logic. This application is majorly used due to its preservation of data integrity and transparency.
Design strategy.
EasyJet can use the middleware integration architectural model to integrate the various
applications as it will allows them to be able pass and receive messages through a generic
interface which will represents a given business logic or process. This architecture allows the
application to be able to integrate a number of applications, further it supports the
transformation of data. This model can then make use of application-level integration to
improve transparency and integrity of data.
2.3 RESTful Web Services
Pautasso, Zimmermann and Leymann (2008) defined REpresentational State Transfer as a
styling architecture used for developing RESTful web services or APIs. Richardson and Ruby
(2008) stated that a RESTful web services refers to light weight and scalable web applications
developed using REST. The REST model is usually developed or implemented using AJAX
technology. Some of the properties or characteristics of these services are easily maintainable,
they are light weight in nature and are extremely scalable. According to Pautasso, Zimmermann
and Leymann (2008). The RESTful web applications are developed using a number of resource
methodologies, some of the most common resource methods include PUT, POST, DELETE and
GET. PUT creates a new resources, POST updates the created resources, GET retrieves the
stored resources and DELETE permanently removes the existing resources.
AJAX was used to create a means for a user to be able to create a journey by giving it a name
and selecting the coordinates that they journey will follow. A user is also able to search through
the saved journey names and retrieve the information of the saved journey. Whenever a user
has completed a journey they can delete the information and from the data source containing
it. This was implemented using AJAX and the resources methods PUT, GET and DELETE. PUT

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created the journey and its information, GET retrieved the information of the journey, while
DELETE removed information of a journey.
2.4 Mashup
Yu et al. (2008) defined Mashup as an application which integrates different applications or
services from different sources together. There are three types of mashups content mashup,
enterprise mashup and business mashup. Content mashup combines a number of presentation
content on a given interface, these contents include videos, image among others. Enterprise
mashup integrates an organization’s data and business processes with a number of external
ones while a business mashup combines a number of highly sophisticated business process and
data with greater security measures.
Passenger travel Planner application makes use of the google API in order to develop the full
working operation. This service helped passenger to have graphical and visual view of the
google maps to help pick the coordinates.
3.0 Demo Running Instructions
Step by step methods for running the application
i. Extract the zipped file
ii. Open PyCharm IDE
iii. Click on the file tab.
iv. On the dropdown menu that appears, click open folder
v. On the pop up file folder that appears, open the recently extracted folder
vi. Click the microservice.py file
vii. On the file right click on it and click on run this file
viii. Copy the link that appears and run it on a browser.
ix. http://127.0.0.0:8000/
4.0 Conclusions
Service oriented architecture through the integration of services, applications, data and
business processes helps a company to simplify its business logic and procedures, reduce costs
of business operations, allow a business’s application to share their data thereby improving the
quality of decisions, it also reduces the time taken and the effort used for frequent business
operations and improve productivity of an enterprise. This has clearly been demonstrated
throughout the passenger planner application and the research and report done on a number
of service oriented architectural concepts.

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References
Dillon, T., Wu, C. and Chang, E., 2010, April. Cloud computing: issues and challenges. In 2010
24th IEEE international conference on advanced information networking and applications (pp.
27-33). Ieee.
Halevy, A.Y., Ashish, N., Bitton, D., Carey, M., Draper, D., Pollock, J., Rosenthal, A. and Sikka, V.,
2005, June. Enterprise information integration: successes, challenges and controversies.
In Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (pp.
778-787). ACM.
JoSEP, A.D., KAtz, R., KonWinSKi, A., Gunho, L.E.E., PAttERSon, D. and RABKin, A., 2010. A view
of cloud computing. Communications of the ACM, 53(4).
Krafzig, D., Banke, K. and Slama, D., 2005. Enterprise SOA: service-oriented architecture best
practices. Prentice Hall Professional.
Linthicum, D.S., 2000. Enterprise application integration. Addison-Wesley Professional.
Pautasso, C., Zimmermann, O. and Leymann, F., 2008, April. Restful web services vs. big'web
services: making the right architectural decision. In Proceedings of the 17th international
conference on World Wide Web (pp. 805-814). ACM.
Richardson, L. and Ruby, S., 2008. RESTful web services. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.".
Yu, J., Benatallah, B., Casati, F. and Daniel, F., 2008. Understanding mashup development. IEEE
Internet computing, 12(5), pp.44-52.

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Appendices
Microservice.py source code.

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