Pathophysiology And Management In Nursing Care Information 2022

Running head: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT IN NURSING CARE
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT IN NURSING CARE
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT IN NURSING CARE
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Introduction:
Obesity is the most common and preventable disease in the united states that negatively
impacted thousands of lives every year. Approximately 39.6% of individuals aged 20 years or
more than 20 years are obese and experiences at least one chronic disease such as diabetes, end
of life renal disease or any cardiac disease. Obesity is considered as the most common risk factor
for the development of the end-stage renal disease. The case study involves a 32-year-old single
male, Mr. C presented at the outpatient center for seeking information regarding bariatric
surgery. The paper aims to provide a critical discussion of clinical manifestations, functional
health patterns, staging of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and health promotion along with
resources required for the patient in the following paragraphs.
Discussion:
Clinical manifestation:
In this context, the clinical manifestations in terms of vital signs are high blood pressure
( BP 172/98 whereas normal blood pressure is 120/80), moderate heart rate (HR 88 whereas
normal heart rate is 60-100 bpm) and increased respiratory rate (RR 26 whereas the normal
respiratory rate is 12-24 bpm) (Cardona-Morrell et al., 2016). He exhibited elevated blood
glucose level since his Fasting blood glucose is 146 mg/dL whereas normal blood glucose level
is 100 to 125 mg/dL. He exhibited a high cholesterol level of 250 mg/dL whereas an optimized
cholesterol level must be less than 170mg/dL. He exhibited elevated Triglycerides of 312 mg/dL
whereas the optimized triglyceride range is less than 150mg/dL (Bowyer et al., 2017). He also
exhibited a high serum creatinine level of 1.8 mg/dL whereas the normal range is 0.6 to 1.2
milligrams. The patient had exhibited 3+ pitting edema bilateral feet and ankles which is

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common amongst patients with heart, kidney or liver dysfunction. Furthermore, the patient
suggested that he experienced shortness of breath and sleep apnea.
The potential health risks for obesity and suitability of bariatric surgery:
Considering the obesity data, the potential health risk for obesity is the development of
diabetes as the patient had high fasting glucose since in obese individuals, patients are required
to process more nutrition which resulted in diabetes (Ulla et al., 2017). The second health risk
is Hypercholesterolemia, as he had a high cholesterol level (Ulla et al., 2017). The third health
risk is kidney dysfunction as the patient had high serum creatinine and 3+ pitting edema bilateral
feet and ankles. In this context, bariatric surgery is a suitable intervention since bariatric surgery
improves the symptoms of diabetes by decreasing blood glucose and improves symptoms of
kidney dysfunction by positively impacting glomerular filtration (Batterham & Cummings,
2016). However, side effects can be oxalate lithiasis.
Potential health risk:
Considering Mr. C.'s functional health patterns, the first issue is a metabolic issue as he
had Fasting blood glucose is 146 mg/dL, indicating he might have a metabolic disorder )
(Cardona-Morrell et al., 2016). The second issue is the nutritional issues as he had elevated
cholesterol of level of 250 mg/dL, indicating he might consume fat-containing food (Cardona-
Morrell et al., 2016). The third issue is sleep rest as he had sleep apnea which impacted sleep and
rest. The fourth issue is activity and exercise as he experienced breathing difficulties while doing
physical activities which impacted his activity. The fifth issues are health management as he was
obese, lives alone and experience difficulties while doing exercise. Therefore, he had poor health
management.