Patient and Family-Centered Care: A Comparative Study with Traditional Model

Running head: PATIENT CENTRIC CARE
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Introduction:
Child illness and hospitalization for different reasons are an event which interfered with the
natural process of child development and even shapes the child as an adult. In the current
context, parents of the sick child exposed to a high level of psychological distress such as stress
and anxiety. In this case, patient and family-centered care in the hospital is highlighted as one of
the crucial factors contributed to the improved health of child and behavior of parents since
unpleased effects of hospitalization influence the parents to show such behaviors and disrupts the
psychological health of children (Byczkowski et al., 2016). In the United States in the 1940s, the
patient and family-centered approach began when the work of a former ministry-student-turned-
psychologist named Carl R. Roger explored the concept of person-centered approach and
integrate it in the all human relationship (Greene, 2017). It is highly accepted concept in the
clinical domain since after Roger main practitioner and scholars use this approach to provide safe
and responsive care (Clay & Parsh, 2016). This paper will illustrate Compare and contrast of
some impact with the traditional model with P&FCC, Two concepts of P&FCC, application of
P&FCC principles in contrast with the case study, three strategies to reduce the negative impact.
Discussion:
For the decade, nurses ruled as a higher authority for choosing correct interventions for
the infants which is classic features of the traditional model of pediatric care (Conn et al., 2016).
However, this nursing model has a long and troubled history to providing safe and responsive
care to the infants (Conn et al., 2018). For parents of the sick infants, the clear and concise idea
of the health issues their child is suffering from is crucial. In the previous era, hospitalization of
the child had emotional, psychological, and developmental consequences because of the
separation from the primary caregiver. Many researchers documented the change of behavior in

the children after separation from the mother as observed in the traditional model of nursing
(Feeg et al., 2016). In the traditional model, nurses used to take the decision on the behalf of the
children for accurate interventions without taking into consideration of the parent’s perception of
wellbeing where toddler visitors were restricted which further resulted in ethical
dilemmas.Shields (2015), highlighted that in the majority of the cases parents are unaware of the
chronicity of the health issues their child is suffering from and feel confused and angry which
reflected through their sinful and inappropriate behavior in the hospital premises. Therefore,
after exploration and integration of the patient and family-centered care, a majority of the clinical
setting uses this approach as one of the major standards of the practice and philosophy of care,
especially in the pediatric nursing. One of the positive impacts of family and patient-centric care
on the children and family is that they feel empowered because decision making of children
along with the parents is highly prioritized for providing the best interventions for children
(Smith, Swallow & Coyne, 2015). Consequently, parents and child both feel empowered,
confident with a substantial reduction of psychological distress. As discussed by Foster,
Whitehead and Maybee (2016), the patient and family-centered care approach promote faster
recovery compared to the traditional model of nursing care. As observed by Shields (2015), since
health professionals acknowledge parents’ irreplaceable role providing support to the children,
the approach reduces stress and anxiety for parents and child and promote well bring.
Patient and family-centered care are widely accepted philosophy in practice which
underpinned quality care. Providing patient and family-centered care means caregiver
incorporates the knowledge and connections of the family members in the caregiving to support

the development of the child (Byczkowski et al., 2016). It provides a framework for pediatric
nurses for taking the responsibility and designing the goal accordingly to care for not only
promoting the physical wellbeing but also support the wellbeing of emotional and psychological
wellbeing of the children in each developmental stage by incorporating family (Coyne et al.,
2014). In the current context, the two widely accepted concept, in this case, Open
Communication with family members and involve patient and family in decision making
(Byczkowski et al., 2016). These two concepts are based on one of the most powerful principles
of the patient and family-centered care such as Information Sharing - Share information clearly
and openly”. As discussed before the hospitalization of the child had emotional, psychological,
and developmental consequences because of the separation from mother and it also exposes
family members especially mothers to the high level of psychological distress. They
inappropriately behave in the clinical setting because of the psychological distress such as
depression and anxiety (Panicker, 2013). Moreover, receiving knowledge of current health status
and skills to participate and share decision-making are the basic rights of every parent.
Therefore, Coyne et al. (2011), highlighted that Engaging family members in open
communication session where honest and clear communication and avoiding jargon reflects
empowerment since health professionals become more transparent about the health issues and
treatment. The communication with the willingness of sharing relevant, timely
information/education to encourage support enables the access of care to the family members
(Uhl et al., 2013). Another concept is that the involving family members in the treatment would
allow family members to share decision-making which further reduces the stress level of the
family members and empower family members (Uhl et al., 2013)