Botanical Consensus Statement for the Management of Pediatric Therapeutics: Otitis Media
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Running head: advanced herbal medicine 1
Botanical consensus statement for the management of pediatric therapeutics: otitis media
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Botanical consensus statement for the management of pediatric therapeutics: otitis media
Student name:
Date:
Address:
Running head: advanced herbal medicine 2
Pathophysiology of Pediatric Therapeutics: Otitis Media
Otitis media (OM) is one of the single most predominant illnesses in childhood, just after upper
respiratory diseases. It also contributes significantly to the reason why many people make
frequent appointments with a practitioner. For about a year, an approximated 16 million hospital
attendants are as a result of OM infections. Otitis media are all inflammations at the center of the
ear, regardless of etiology or pathogenesis (Wetmore, Muntz, & McGill, 2012).
One of the delicate parts of the ear attacked by most infections is the Eustachian Tube
Dysfunction (ETD) whereby the mucosa at the pharyngeal of ET which is part of the mucociliary
at the center of the ear. Mucosa by tumor, edema, or the opposite intratympanic force causes a
proportional stretch which could cause an infection in the nasopharynx down to the central part
of the ear leading to otitis media. Esophageal components disgorged into the center of the ear
and at the nasopharynx via the Eustachian Tube which may cause distractions at the central ear
which may also facilitate inflammation. Researches from various fields show how Upper
Respiratory Infection (URI) leads to ETD, its contribution to high bacterial infection
establishment and its close attachment to the nasopharynx (Møller, 2010).
International statistics show that in the developing world, otitis media is very predominant and it
is one of the main reasons as to why infants' mortality rates are high. This is as a result of its
complicated signs and symptoms that take longer to be noticed when too much harm is already
done (Focus Medica Pte Ltd, 2008).
Pathophysiology of Pediatric Therapeutics: Otitis Media
Otitis media (OM) is one of the single most predominant illnesses in childhood, just after upper
respiratory diseases. It also contributes significantly to the reason why many people make
frequent appointments with a practitioner. For about a year, an approximated 16 million hospital
attendants are as a result of OM infections. Otitis media are all inflammations at the center of the
ear, regardless of etiology or pathogenesis (Wetmore, Muntz, & McGill, 2012).
One of the delicate parts of the ear attacked by most infections is the Eustachian Tube
Dysfunction (ETD) whereby the mucosa at the pharyngeal of ET which is part of the mucociliary
at the center of the ear. Mucosa by tumor, edema, or the opposite intratympanic force causes a
proportional stretch which could cause an infection in the nasopharynx down to the central part
of the ear leading to otitis media. Esophageal components disgorged into the center of the ear
and at the nasopharynx via the Eustachian Tube which may cause distractions at the central ear
which may also facilitate inflammation. Researches from various fields show how Upper
Respiratory Infection (URI) leads to ETD, its contribution to high bacterial infection
establishment and its close attachment to the nasopharynx (Møller, 2010).
International statistics show that in the developing world, otitis media is very predominant and it
is one of the main reasons as to why infants' mortality rates are high. This is as a result of its
complicated signs and symptoms that take longer to be noticed when too much harm is already
done (Focus Medica Pte Ltd, 2008).
Running head: advanced herbal medicine 3
Considering demographics associated with age, sex and race, a high dominance of Otitis media
in both genders is common in small babies of six months to one year those that are diagnosed
with Acute Otitis Media with a period of one year since birth is likely to experience an otitis
media recurrent. There is much evidence of acute otitis media dominance in males than in
females, a recent statistic data from the US recorded more OM cases in boys than in girls. A
study on the effects of socioeconomic and other related factors between blacks and whites were
unvarying. Hispanic children and Indian children have greater dominance of acute otitis media
then the black and white Americans (Mathur, 2012).
Biomedical Risk Factors of Pediatric Therapeutics: Otitis Media
Chronic otitis media commonly referred to as COM and ROM also referred to as Recurrent
Otitis Media negatively influence various cultures and subspecies have settled in both less
developed and developed nations. A cross-sectional research done on 9 nations across 3
continents demonstrated that a dominant illness is relevant enough to be regarded for a serious
medical attention. These two illnesses could cause a hearing and vocal disability. Chronic Otitis
Media could lead to intracranial or even extracranial health challenges. Proper cure of these
illnesses depends on proper comprehension of these risks (Adunka & Buchman, 2011).
Some of the risk factors that are related to both COM and ROM are as follows: tribe and
ethnicity, biological factors, sex, personal hygiene, allergy infections and infant-feeding
methods. Even though various presented cases were challenging to analyze due to an
insufficiency of proper definitions, expected diagnostic procedure and monitoring sets to develop
and manage the capable study standards (Preciado, 2015).
Considering demographics associated with age, sex and race, a high dominance of Otitis media
in both genders is common in small babies of six months to one year those that are diagnosed
with Acute Otitis Media with a period of one year since birth is likely to experience an otitis
media recurrent. There is much evidence of acute otitis media dominance in males than in
females, a recent statistic data from the US recorded more OM cases in boys than in girls. A
study on the effects of socioeconomic and other related factors between blacks and whites were
unvarying. Hispanic children and Indian children have greater dominance of acute otitis media
then the black and white Americans (Mathur, 2012).
Biomedical Risk Factors of Pediatric Therapeutics: Otitis Media
Chronic otitis media commonly referred to as COM and ROM also referred to as Recurrent
Otitis Media negatively influence various cultures and subspecies have settled in both less
developed and developed nations. A cross-sectional research done on 9 nations across 3
continents demonstrated that a dominant illness is relevant enough to be regarded for a serious
medical attention. These two illnesses could cause a hearing and vocal disability. Chronic Otitis
Media could lead to intracranial or even extracranial health challenges. Proper cure of these
illnesses depends on proper comprehension of these risks (Adunka & Buchman, 2011).
Some of the risk factors that are related to both COM and ROM are as follows: tribe and
ethnicity, biological factors, sex, personal hygiene, allergy infections and infant-feeding
methods. Even though various presented cases were challenging to analyze due to an
insufficiency of proper definitions, expected diagnostic procedure and monitoring sets to develop
and manage the capable study standards (Preciado, 2015).
Running head: advanced herbal medicine 4
Holistic Risk Factors of Pediatric Therapeutics: Otitis Media
Immune system
The immune systems of the newly born children and the weak immune systems of adults with
immune deficiencies since birth, HIV, and diabetic patients have high chances of developing
otitis media. Otitis media thrives faster in bodies with a weak immune system. The interaction
connecting pathogens and the body immune system takes part in fighting back the illness
sequence (Smith, 2014).
Genetic predisposition
In spite of genetic subset of Otitis media that have been shown by various fields of study that
evaluated familial relationships of Otitis Media distinguishing both genetic and environmental
factors is a great challenge. There are no particular families that are associated with otitis media
that are vulnerable. Even though environmental factors contribute greatly to most genetic
explicates including Otitis Media pathogens (Handa, 2013).
Mucins
Functions of mucins in Otitis media with effusion are known to be accountable for the gel-like
attribute of mucus discharge. The middle ear mucus gene is different from the nasopharynx. The
differences between the two genes have contributed prevalently in the development of OME and
lack of control of MUC5B in the middle ear.
Physiologic dysfunction
Holistic Risk Factors of Pediatric Therapeutics: Otitis Media
Immune system
The immune systems of the newly born children and the weak immune systems of adults with
immune deficiencies since birth, HIV, and diabetic patients have high chances of developing
otitis media. Otitis media thrives faster in bodies with a weak immune system. The interaction
connecting pathogens and the body immune system takes part in fighting back the illness
sequence (Smith, 2014).
Genetic predisposition
In spite of genetic subset of Otitis media that have been shown by various fields of study that
evaluated familial relationships of Otitis Media distinguishing both genetic and environmental
factors is a great challenge. There are no particular families that are associated with otitis media
that are vulnerable. Even though environmental factors contribute greatly to most genetic
explicates including Otitis Media pathogens (Handa, 2013).
Mucins
Functions of mucins in Otitis media with effusion are known to be accountable for the gel-like
attribute of mucus discharge. The middle ear mucus gene is different from the nasopharynx. The
differences between the two genes have contributed prevalently in the development of OME and
lack of control of MUC5B in the middle ear.
Physiologic dysfunction
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