The following paper discusses and analyses the phenomenon of performance enhancing drug abuse in the context of the scandalous doping controversy of Tour de France winner cyclist Lance Armstrong. The discussion describes the incident with a brief definition of PEDs. It then focuses on the drugs and substances used by Armstrong and discusses their mechanism, benefits and perceived side effects. Further, it describes the legal proceedings against Armstrong and their consequences on his career. It concludes with the impact of the incident on Armstrong’s personal life as well as the athletic fraternity at large.