Physiological Causes Behind Hypotension in Peri anaesthesia Nursing Care
Added on 2021-04-21
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Disease and DisordersHealthcare and Research
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Running head: PERIANAESTHESIA NURSING CAREPeri anaesthesia Nursing CareName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note
1PERIANAESTHESIA NURSING CAREPart 1Physiological cause for hypotensive is low diastolic blood pressure (less that 60) and marginal systolic blood pressure. Another cause behind low blood pressure or hypotension in Mrs Katsura is blood loss due to gastro-intestinal bleed. According to Pacagnella et al. (2013), extreme blood loss, both internal and external may result in the generation of hypotension. Hypotension arising from internal bleeding is a serious condition as lack of adequate fluid inside the body may compress the vital organs resulting in organ dysfunction. It may eventually lead to haemorrhagic shock (Pacagnella et al., 2013).The main physiological reason behind tachypnoea of Mrs Kate Katsura is her high respiratory rate: 28 breaths per minute (normal range: 12 to 20 breaths per minute) (Bianchi et al. 2013). The reason behind tachypnoea may be due to her gastro-intestinal bleeding which indicates the possible signs and symptoms of gastro-intestinal infection. According to Sagy, Al-Qaqaaand Kim (2013), any form of sepsis or blood infection or allergic reaction is associated with tachypnoea. The compensatory mechanism that may be attributed behind the development of the tachypnoea is Mrs Kate Katsura’sprevious acute history of myocardial infarction. In order to increase the blood flow inside the heart, respiratory rate might have increase or loss of blood via gastro-intestinal bleeding might have resulted in increased rate of blood flow in heart.The main physiological reason behind tachycardia is internal gastro-intestinal bleeding. The indication of gastro-intestinal bleeding is indicated via abdominal pain. Since Mrs Katsura is a patient of myocardial infraction, tachycardia might a representation of that disease. According to Makkar et al., (2012) tachycardia is a marker of myocardial infraction. Myocardial infraction results in the generation of the structural abnormalities of the coronary arteries and this lead to the generation of tachycardia (Makkar et al., 2012).
2PERIANAESTHESIA NURSING CAREPart 2Hartmann’s solution: Its composition is physiologically close to blood plasma and it isisotonic in nature, which helps in quick restoration of the circulating volume and electrolyte balance (Aditianingsih& George, 2014). According to Aditianingsih and George (2014), fluidtherapy done via Hartmann’s solution is core process for managing peri-operative patients forproper maintenance of the blood volume.0.9% of Normal Saline: It is an isotonic solution that contains sodium chloride (NaCl)as solute, dissolved in sterile water (solvent). This isotonic fluid helps in resuscitating the circulating blood volume while restoring the electrolyte balance (Myburgh&Mythen, 2013). Packed cells: It contains packed red blood cells which help in replenishing the circulating blood with the haemoglobin and hence can be regarded as an important fluid replacement therapy for circulating blood volume. Increase in the haemoglobin concentration in blood further aids in oxygen delivery to the organs (Myburgh&Mythen, 2013). Part 3The physiological rationale behind the intraoperative monitoring is it helps in measurement and monitoring of the vital parameters like heart’s electrical activity, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, temperature of the body, cardiac output, oxygen saturation, pulse rate and pulmonary functions. Keeping in mind the vital statistics of Mrs Kate Katsura, intraoperative monitoring is extremely crucial as at the time of MET call her respiratory rate was high along blood pressure was low. According to Holm et al., (2004), intraoperative monitoring results in formulation of more aggressive therapeutic strategies for providing proper care and treatment Mrs Katsura after fluid replacement. Moreover Holm et al., (2004) further opines that crystalloid infusion does not help in the improvement of the preload or the parameters of the cardiac output. This may be because; resuscitation or fluid
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