Challenges and Solutions in Full Duplex Communication

PERSONAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
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Introduction
The spectral efficiency network requires intense and elaborate improvements if the aim of
ensuring the ever increasing data rates is anything to go by. The wireless communication system
operation nevertheless to a great extent depend on half duplex operations that often resulting in
deterioration of exploitation of resource. The anticipation of radical full duplex operation which
is an advancement of the half duplex operation is usable in improving the attainable spectral
efficient of wireless communication systems through receiving as well as transmitting all time
round in the whole bandwidth (Bi, Zeng and Zhang, 2016). The promise of almost twice capacity
of the channel in comparison s with conventional half duplex communication is the major
driving force for the advances in full duplex wireless communication systems hence providing
possibility of sustaining as well as complementing the evolution in the technologies of the fifth
generation in the direction of denser homogenous networks associated with high flexible relaying
modes.
Challenges with full duplex communication
In the recent past, a range of practical as well as theoretical components of full duplex
communications have been studies through quantification of the gains in the performance of full
duplex modes that show benefits in comparison with the half duplex modes with regard to either
having an enhanced throughput otherwise a greatly lowered outage probability, despite this being
attained at the expense of enhanced complexity (Chung et al., 2015). Still, the recent
development in full duplex communication has raised the diversity orders as well as the
throughput of wireless communication systems. It is highly possible for a full duplex device to
lower the bit rate error as soon as the complexity of the software or hardware is tolerated towards

facilitation of more complicated signal processing. Besides, the packet loss ratio of dull duplex
modes may as well be lowered as long as larger buffer size is offered by full duplex device.
Nevertheless, as a limitation or drawback, full duplex gain is deteriorated by self-interference as
due to large difference in power that exists between imposed by transmission of a device and
lower power that is received coming from remote transmit antenna. Excessive self-interference
may even lead to lowered capacity for full duplex systems which fall beneath the values of half
duplex system (Liu et al., 2015). An agreement arrived at by the scholars and the industry
illustrated that it is of importance to carry out efficient self-interference cancellation or
suppression in implementation of radical full duplex communication systems.
Other than above mentioned issues with physical layers, there is need for more refined and
further studies on the conception of the protocols of full duplex Media Access Control expected
showed that full duplex schemes may not often shown better performance than their half-duplex
counterparts as well hybrid schemes which change between half duplex modes and full duplex
modes may as well be developed for exploitation of the radio resources adaptively even as they
maximize spectral efficiency. Still, a full duplex scheme might often perform better than the half
duplex thereby resulting in the need to have a hybrid scheme implemented to enjoy the benefit
over either of the individual schemes.
Self-interference cancellation
The available literature demonstrated that it is of importance to precisely take measurement as
well as suppress the self-cancellation in full duplex communication. For instance, a study
conducted showed that the power of self-interference as well as spatial reuse might significantly
lower full duplex in comparison with half-duplex mode with regard to the capacity of the