Pharmacology Unit Question 2022
Explores the basic principles associated with the toxic effects of chemicals on the living organism while examining the regulatory aspects and applications of toxicology in the workplace.
9 Pages2446 Words14 Views
Added on 2022-10-02
Pharmacology Unit Question 2022
Explores the basic principles associated with the toxic effects of chemicals on the living organism while examining the regulatory aspects and applications of toxicology in the workplace.
Added on 2022-10-02
ShareRelated Documents
Running Head: PHARMACY UNIT 8 1
Pharmacy Unit 8
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliate
Date
Question 1
Pharmacy Unit 8
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliate
Date
Question 1
PHARMACY UNIT 8
2
The primary purpose of testing toxicity is to generate information about substance toxic
properties to help in the evaluation of the risks of human and environmental health. Toxicity
testing is done to come up with a comprehensive protocol for systematic information on
pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in every stage of their operation. As well, the
measurement is done to develop a standard guideline that can be used to assess the immune-
toxicity, cardiovascular, and carcinogenic toxicity stage wise.
The toxins that spill on the skin surface can be managed and reduced by actions of
washing with relevant liquids (water). For the toxins to be effectively removed, the nature of the
toxicant will have to be taken into account, its concentration, quantity, and duration of exposure.
The immediate first aid that should be offered to a patient whose skin has had contact with
hazardous chemicals is washing with a large quantity of soap water. As washing takes place, the
contaminated clothes should be removed to avoid re-intoxication (Gaillet, & Rouanet, 2015).
Using soap water in washing the contaminated skin surface helps to shorten the duration of
exposure and absorption rate. For the orally ingested toxins, their detoxification can take place
depending on the concentration of the chemical content and the time frame of ingestion. For
known chemicals, the best way to remove the toxins is through taking appropriate vomiting
drugs (syrup of ipecac) followed by stomach pumping in a period of 1-2 hours.
The caution to the mind of while caring for an orally ingested toxic substances is that for
corrosive substances or petroleum toxins, one cannot apply stomach pumping for vomiting
purposes. That would cause even more harm to the patient. The best treatment approach is to use
activated charcoal to counter absorbent chemicals in the stomach. The charcoal is mixed with
water and then swallowed. This is many applicants within the first two hours, as the charcoal
content will reduce the absorption rate of the chemicals (McKim & Lien, 2017). The charcoal
2
The primary purpose of testing toxicity is to generate information about substance toxic
properties to help in the evaluation of the risks of human and environmental health. Toxicity
testing is done to come up with a comprehensive protocol for systematic information on
pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in every stage of their operation. As well, the
measurement is done to develop a standard guideline that can be used to assess the immune-
toxicity, cardiovascular, and carcinogenic toxicity stage wise.
The toxins that spill on the skin surface can be managed and reduced by actions of
washing with relevant liquids (water). For the toxins to be effectively removed, the nature of the
toxicant will have to be taken into account, its concentration, quantity, and duration of exposure.
The immediate first aid that should be offered to a patient whose skin has had contact with
hazardous chemicals is washing with a large quantity of soap water. As washing takes place, the
contaminated clothes should be removed to avoid re-intoxication (Gaillet, & Rouanet, 2015).
Using soap water in washing the contaminated skin surface helps to shorten the duration of
exposure and absorption rate. For the orally ingested toxins, their detoxification can take place
depending on the concentration of the chemical content and the time frame of ingestion. For
known chemicals, the best way to remove the toxins is through taking appropriate vomiting
drugs (syrup of ipecac) followed by stomach pumping in a period of 1-2 hours.
The caution to the mind of while caring for an orally ingested toxic substances is that for
corrosive substances or petroleum toxins, one cannot apply stomach pumping for vomiting
purposes. That would cause even more harm to the patient. The best treatment approach is to use
activated charcoal to counter absorbent chemicals in the stomach. The charcoal is mixed with
water and then swallowed. This is many applicants within the first two hours, as the charcoal
content will reduce the absorption rate of the chemicals (McKim & Lien, 2017). The charcoal
PHARMACY UNIT 8
3
administration can be done repeatedly after every two hours to see into it that all the toxic
chemicals in the stomach have been neutralized.
Question 2
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate is a depressant that affects the central nervous system. It is
commonly referred to as date-rape or club-drug. Teens and young adults majorly abuse the drug
during parties, night dances, and when they at night clubs. Majorly, the GHB is mixed with
alcoholic beverages. The signs of the drug combination in the body produce an increased sexual
last, euphoria and tranquility are categorized as positive side effects. On the contrary, the adverse
effects are a hallucination, loss of consciousness, coma, amnesia, and nausea, among others
(Wang, Knaak, & Maibach, 2017). Alcohol is a central nervous depressant as well as it functions
in the body by lowering the anxiety and body temperatures.
GHB lowers inhibitions and raises a person's libido. The person then becomes a victim of
more prone to rape and sexually enticed actions by inducing the person's brain to think in that
line. When GHB and alcohol are combined and consumed in the body, they interfere with the
essential life-sustaining functions of the central nervous system (Kamal et al.2017). There are
risks associated with mixing these drugs. For instance, when these two substances are combined,
they amplify the depressant and sedative effects of increasing the chances of a person becoming
a victim of the sexual crime of indulging in an accident that might lead to loss of life.
A person under the influence of a mixture of GHB and alcohol have their brain
coordinated and reflex actions compromised. Their decision-making abilities, memories, and
mood regulations are interfered with. The neurotransmitters are thus elevated in mind. The
prevalence of dopamine in the brain causes a feeling of pleasure and intoxication. These feelings
3
administration can be done repeatedly after every two hours to see into it that all the toxic
chemicals in the stomach have been neutralized.
Question 2
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate is a depressant that affects the central nervous system. It is
commonly referred to as date-rape or club-drug. Teens and young adults majorly abuse the drug
during parties, night dances, and when they at night clubs. Majorly, the GHB is mixed with
alcoholic beverages. The signs of the drug combination in the body produce an increased sexual
last, euphoria and tranquility are categorized as positive side effects. On the contrary, the adverse
effects are a hallucination, loss of consciousness, coma, amnesia, and nausea, among others
(Wang, Knaak, & Maibach, 2017). Alcohol is a central nervous depressant as well as it functions
in the body by lowering the anxiety and body temperatures.
GHB lowers inhibitions and raises a person's libido. The person then becomes a victim of
more prone to rape and sexually enticed actions by inducing the person's brain to think in that
line. When GHB and alcohol are combined and consumed in the body, they interfere with the
essential life-sustaining functions of the central nervous system (Kamal et al.2017). There are
risks associated with mixing these drugs. For instance, when these two substances are combined,
they amplify the depressant and sedative effects of increasing the chances of a person becoming
a victim of the sexual crime of indulging in an accident that might lead to loss of life.
A person under the influence of a mixture of GHB and alcohol have their brain
coordinated and reflex actions compromised. Their decision-making abilities, memories, and
mood regulations are interfered with. The neurotransmitters are thus elevated in mind. The
prevalence of dopamine in the brain causes a feeling of pleasure and intoxication. These feelings
End of preview
Want to access all the pages? Upload your documents or become a member.