Application of the PICOT Model: Research Questions in Nursing

This assignment focuses on the application of the PICOT (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time) model to formulate research questions relevant to nursing practice, specifically in the context of hip replacement surgery. The student provides an introduction to the PICOT framework, explaining its components and significance in research. The discussion section emphasizes the importance of nursing practice in patient care, particularly addressing patient anxieties related to hip replacement surgery and the crucial role of nurses in patient education and support. Three PICOT research questions are developed, covering intervention, etiology, and prognosis, related to hip replacement, including pain management strategies, patient outcomes, and factors influencing recovery. The assignment concludes by highlighting the value of using the PICOT format to guide clinical practice and research, ensuring relevance and clarity in addressing clinical questions.

Running head: PICOT MODEL OF NURSING PRACTICE
PICOT MODEL OF NURSING PRACTICE
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction and background description........................................................................................2
Discussion........................................................................................................................................3
Significance to nursing practice...................................................................................................3
Picot model of research...............................................................................................................3
PICOT Question 1 for an Intervention....................................................................................3
For Etiology............................................................................................................................4
For Prognosis...........................................................................................................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................6

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Introduction and background description
PICOT is a format which is helpful access for shorten and condense research questions
for exploring the influence of any therapy regarding to medicine and nursing. Now the term
PICOT is constituted with five different factors such as Population, Intervention, Comparison,
Outcome and Time. Population mentions to the sample of any subjects individual wishes to
recruit for individual’s study. A balance should be maintained in between sample of intervention
which give responds and the actual practice performed by a nurse or medical care team (Hastings
& Fisher, 2014). Secondly, intervention stands for the treatment that will be given to a patient
in any critical condition. Third one is comparison, which helps to recognize the using of
reference groups compare to the service intervention. Previous existing treatment is considered
as main standard, when it should be the group of comparison. Now, outcome gives a detailed
overview of the publication of the result of any measurement. This part is generally used to test
the efficiency for the intervention. However, medical team or nurses should focus on the issue
that each and every outcome should be validated and familiar. Finally time is the last factor in
PICOT which indicates the duration of the collection of data. In case of certain research
methodologies a systematic review can align with the best fitted structure of PICOT. PICOT is
not just a role model it is a framework for giving suggestion of every research questions. Also
clinicians play a important role by PICOT in subscribing the integrated knowledge of translation
in any research cases (Echevarria & Walker, 2014).
The report is aimed to shade light on the hip replacement surgery and try to make certain
research questions in the format of PICOT model. Hip replacement surgery is a crucial and
costly operation and is performed to relief the patient from heavy pain. It is a permanent

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replacement surgery in which an artificial metal plate or a plastic plate is used to insert (Pietsch,
David & Vergara, 2018).
Discussion
Significance to nursing practice
Nursing practice is a servicing of care management with full of respect and dignity. It can
also be considered as the partnership of nurse and patient. Now when a patient is admitted for hip
replacement surgery then the patient may afraid of the surgery because of insertion of totally
foreign substance made by metal or plastic. The nurse should have an essential duty to aware the
patient by saying that there will be nothing injurious or harmful after the surgery (Echevarria &
Walker, 2014). Actually, a major number of patients think that after the surgery there may be a
chance of spreading of infection. The crucial role of a nurse is to educate the patient properly and
to prohibit them from making any kind of negative panic. Also, the nurse should talk with the
family members of that patient to provide a positive potential collaboratively. The nurse should
make belief her patient that nursing care will be provided even after the six month past of the
surgery (Melnyk et al., 2014).
Picot model of research
PICOT Question 1 for an Intervention
In case of adult patient if hip replacement is necessary then how much effective is PCA
pain healing in comparison with PRN IM pain healing with control over the post operative pain
throughout the course of the perioperative and wellness time?

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Now the role of the nurses as a primary member of the multidisciplinary team associated
with perioperative care of the hip replacement patient. Then the role of the nurses as a secondary
participant without any particular training, is only associated with perioperative care for the
surgery (Fain, 2017). Now if the nurse is involved in one of the primary approach of medical
team, The hip replacement treatment surgery will have good continuity of care (Abbade et al.,
2016).
For Etiology
Question number: 2 - Are patient who has hip join dislocation in increased harm for hip
replacement therapy compared with the patient satisfy with only plaster of his/her hip during one
year?
Now if the patients having enough money that they can bear the cost of hip replacement
surgery, they will undergo with the surgery. However those people, who have fear in their minds
for being infected by introducing metal plates into their body, they are satisfied only doing
plasters (Mendelsohn, 2018). On the other hand cost effectiveness of the surgery is another
reason in choosing other reference way.
For Prognosis
Question number: 3 - Does monitoring by nurse after hip replacement effect pain relief
management in patient who have certain infection in hip over six months?
In post operative stages if any infection will be developed then the nurses should give
exclusive service to reduce the pain in the place of infection. In that time nurses should provide
only essential medicines prescribed by the specialist surgeon (Pietsch, David & Vergara, 2018).
Although, it is a time taking process and recurring of the infection can be prevented by this.

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Conclusion
The clinician should consider the use of certain research literature in PICOT format if
engaging clinical practice, which is directly related to the patient care. This phenomenon will
give them a primary basis for mutual understanding, relation and direction to help in making
answer the clinical research questions of more relevance.

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References
Abbade, L. P., Wang, M., Sriganesh, K., Mbuagbaw, L., & Thabane, L. (2016). Framing of
research question using the PICOT format in randomised controlled trials of venous ulcer
disease: a protocol for a systematic survey of the literature. BMJ open, 6(11), e013175.
Echevarria, I. M., & Walker, S. (2014). To make your case, start with a PICOT
question. Nursing2019, 44(2), 18-19.
Fain, J. A. (2017). Reading, understanding, and applying nursing research. FA Davis.
Hastings, C., & Fisher, C. A. (2014). Searching for proof: Creating and using an actionable PICO
question. Nursing management, 45(8), 9-12.
Melnyk, B. M., Gallagher‐Ford, L., Long, L. E., & Fineout‐Overholt, E. (2014). The
establishment of evidence‐based practice competencies for practicing registered nurses
and advanced practice nurses in real‐world clinical settings: Proficiencies to improve
healthcare quality, reliability, patient outcomes, and costs. Worldviews on Evidence
‐
Based Nursing, 11(1), 5-15.
Mendelsohn, L. A. (2018). Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for All Total Knee and Hip
Arthroplasty Patients: Changing the Practice of Administration (Doctoral dissertation,
Wilmington University (Delaware)).
Pietsch, T., David, J., & Vergara, F. (2018). Integrative review for patients with bilateral total
knee replacement: A call for nursing practice guidelines. Orthopaedic Nursing, 37(4),
237-243.

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