Pilot Clinical Trial Assignment Report

Running head: EPIDE 1
Epide
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation

EPIDE 2
Article- Dietary Walnut altered gene expression related to tumor growth, survival, and metastasis
in breast cancer patients: a pilot clinical trial.
Hardman, Primerano, Legenza, Morgan, Fan & Denvir (2019).
Strength of association- there is a stronger association of the dietary walnut between the dietary
factor and the outcomes of the same. Therefore, the relationship is casual.
Consistency- There is consistency in the study; there are other several studies that have
confirmed a similar finding that dietary walnut has a significance impact on the positive
outcomes of patients having the above-mentioned conditions (Hardman, Primerano, Legenza,
Morgan, Fan & Denvir, 2019).
Specificity- there is no direct association between the exposure and the outcome instead, the
exposure should under different stages to bring about the outcome observable among the
patients.
Temporal sequence- the dietary walnut intervention was introduced after the disease had
occurred among the patients. Various health assessments were conducted to determine the
reduction of risk from the conditions in terms of reduction in the intensity of signs and symptoms
of the cancer.
Biological gradient- there was noticeable reduction of the risks of the outcome upon various
levels of exposure of the dietary walnut across all the participants.
Biological plausibility- Genes are essential in cell to cell interaction and signaling, growth of
cells and proliferation, and movement of cells. Caspase, cyclin A and E and E2f are involved in
breast carcinogenesis.