Pneumonia Case Study | Report

The pneumonia case study 1
The pneumonia case study 11
The pneumonia case study
Student's name
Institution
Date

The pneumonia case study 2
Pneumonia case study
According to "Pneumonia Nursing Care Plans: 10 Nursing Diagnosis," (2019),
Pneumonia is a condition that involves lung parenchyma inflammation, associated with impaired
gas exchange due to alveolar edema and congestion. It is brought about by bacteria or virus and
spread by contact of droplets. This disease is number one in causing deaths in the United States
of America. People who are very young or very old, the bedridden, the immunosuppressed, the
ones exposed to MRSA, the hospitalized and the smokers are at the highest risk of this disease.
Pneumonia exists in two types, namely Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Hospital-acquired
Pneumonia. Hospital-acquired pneumonia is also called nosocomial pneumonia.
Pneumonia is classified according to its location, radiologic appearance, and
microbiologic etiology. There is bronchial pneumonia in which the alveoli and the bronchioles
get involved, interstitial pneumonia which involves inflammatory response within the tissues of
the lungs around vascular structures and also there is Alveolar pneumonia in which fluid
accumulates in the distal air spaces of the lungs, necrotizing pneumonia that makes some lung
tissue portions die. Based on microbiologic etiology, pneumonia's origin can be viral, fungal,
mycoplasmal, protozoan, rickettsia or mycobacterial or bacterial. There is another pneumonia
type associated with vomiting or gastric aspiration referred to as aspiration pneumonia, (Sethi,
2016).

The pneumonia case study 3
The signs and symptoms of pneumonia include coughing, shaking chills and shallow breathing
that is too rapid. Other symptoms include fever, breath shortness, pleuritic chest pain and
production of sputum. It should be immediately treated and if not, it complicates respiratory
failure, lung abscess, bacteremia, hypoxemia, and empyema, ("Pneumonia Nursing Care Plans:
10 Nursing Diagnosis," 2019).
According to the case presented, Ibrahim is suffering from Community-acquired
Pneumonia. It is pneumonia that comes by due to the lifestyle of a person and mostly affects
people aged 42 to 76 years, ("Lifestyle and comorbid conditions as risk factors for community-
acquired pneumonia in outpatient adults (NEUMO-ES-RISK project)," 2019). It is the
commonest cause of mortality and morbidity amongst the elderly and mostly causes
hospitalization in the whole world.
NURSING ASSESSMENT AND HOW TO PRIORITIZE ON THE PROVISION OF
CARE.
In acute care settings, nurses assess patients by constantly collecting data from them,
sorting the data collected, critically analyzing the data collected, planning, implementing, re-
evaluate and escalating the data, (Jardins & Burton, 2015).
After the patient is inspected in the case provided, an examination is done and vital signs
identified. The nurse then starts assessing the patient where he/she starts with the history of the
patient and starts performing respiratory assessment after every four hours, does the patient's
physical examination and then ABG measurements.ABG assessment involves examination of the
patient's airway, checking of breathing rate and patterns, circulation rate, disability, exposure,

The pneumonia case study 4
fluids, and glucose. After the assessment, the nurse shall be able to attend to the patient's highest
degree needs and plan to make further assessments and for the essential nursing interventions,
(Adam, Odell, & Welch, 2013).
Airway
When assessing the airway, the nurse check's the patency which includes wheezing
sounds on breathing, checks for snoring sounds and stridor. The associated airway problem in the
case presented in the presence of pain in the right-hand side which intensifies on inspiration.
Inspiration refers to as the breathing in during gaseous exchange where the contraction of
intercostal muscles happens, ("22.3 The Process of Breathing – Anatomy and Physiology," 2013.
On breathing in, Ibrahim experience intense pain, a situation that could be as a result of various
factors. Painful breathing could be as a result of a condition called pleurisy, ("What Are the
Possible Causes of Pain From Breathing?" 2017). Pleurisy, also called pleuritic chest pain is
brought about by disorders that are related to the thoracic spine, the esophagus, the breasts, and
the ligaments. The membranes around the lungs get inflamed as a result of friction between two
tissue layers.
According to (Simor, n.d), a pneumothorax could also be a cause of experienced chest pain. This
condition is experienced when the air in the lungs escapes and goes to the space between the
chest wall and the lungs making it difficult for lung expansion when breathing.
Chest pain could also be as a result of pneumonia. A person feels pain when breathing or
coughing as one of the symptoms. Ibrahim could be diagnosed with pneumonia if only after the
assessment, other accompanying signs of pneumonia shall be identified.