Policy Education Of Bilingual Children
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Policy and practice in the education of bilingual children
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The past decade has been evident to a significant increase in the number of children speaking
English as their second language. This has been possible mainly due to the availability of large
migration incidences all across Britain. The department of education confirms that the total
strength of EAL students across their primary schools are 20.1%. This figure is sufficient to
idealize the entire scenario that is available across these educational institutions and their applied
interventions for educating these students (Al-Azami et al. 2010). The drastically increasing
diversity across the entire process of language teaching has been emerged as a prominent issue. It
has been taken in to account as one of the most significant aspects for considering the structural
changes across the course management process.
Despite of the regular increase in amount of EAL students, the available funding essentials have
been decreased across the EAL population. The schools have been going through a significant
lack of resources in terms of operating the EAL student requirements. This essay is being
developed to understand the basic issues across EAL students and the diverse linguistic learning
prospects. The essentials for students and teachers have been examined altogether to promote a
better analysis of the current status of these services. The strategies and provisions across
teaching are assessed largely across this essay in order to evaluate the current status of such
programs. A detailed analysis of provisions, regulations and fundamental operating principles are
discussed in detail to conclude the present state of EAL learners across Britain (Mackey, 2001).
The essay is largely based on the primary education system and thus it has been evaluated across
related aspects. Each of the defined attributes are significant and ideal for building better
provisions for the learners with as their second language. Thus empowering the whole idea and
establishing better outreach for the process to integrate and enhance its relative provisions.
Despite of large scale issues that are prevalent across the EAL population, underachievement
among children from linguistic minority remains a key factor. It describes the fact that these
learners are being affected by physical factors such as gender, ethnicity, race and social class.
These factors have been affecting the overall status of such programs and thus have been
increasing the cases reflecting underachievement. Thus, the courses are to be designed in such a
manner that there is a minimum possible impact on the entire process of developing
fundamentals of learning in a diverse language scenario (Whiteside et al. 2017). The limiting
factors such as ethnicity, social class, race and gender must be limited in terms of their influence
2
English as their second language. This has been possible mainly due to the availability of large
migration incidences all across Britain. The department of education confirms that the total
strength of EAL students across their primary schools are 20.1%. This figure is sufficient to
idealize the entire scenario that is available across these educational institutions and their applied
interventions for educating these students (Al-Azami et al. 2010). The drastically increasing
diversity across the entire process of language teaching has been emerged as a prominent issue. It
has been taken in to account as one of the most significant aspects for considering the structural
changes across the course management process.
Despite of the regular increase in amount of EAL students, the available funding essentials have
been decreased across the EAL population. The schools have been going through a significant
lack of resources in terms of operating the EAL student requirements. This essay is being
developed to understand the basic issues across EAL students and the diverse linguistic learning
prospects. The essentials for students and teachers have been examined altogether to promote a
better analysis of the current status of these services. The strategies and provisions across
teaching are assessed largely across this essay in order to evaluate the current status of such
programs. A detailed analysis of provisions, regulations and fundamental operating principles are
discussed in detail to conclude the present state of EAL learners across Britain (Mackey, 2001).
The essay is largely based on the primary education system and thus it has been evaluated across
related aspects. Each of the defined attributes are significant and ideal for building better
provisions for the learners with as their second language. Thus empowering the whole idea and
establishing better outreach for the process to integrate and enhance its relative provisions.
Despite of large scale issues that are prevalent across the EAL population, underachievement
among children from linguistic minority remains a key factor. It describes the fact that these
learners are being affected by physical factors such as gender, ethnicity, race and social class.
These factors have been affecting the overall status of such programs and thus have been
increasing the cases reflecting underachievement. Thus, the courses are to be designed in such a
manner that there is a minimum possible impact on the entire process of developing
fundamentals of learning in a diverse language scenario (Whiteside et al. 2017). The limiting
factors such as ethnicity, social class, race and gender must be limited in terms of their influence
2
across the process of learning. The fact that inclusion of these aspects affect the whole learning
atmosphere and decide a better framework for all of its learners. Courses under which these
aspects are taken care can ultimately develop a sense of collectiveness and promote better
interaction among the whole population. The objectives are fixed and thus the learners are
affected positively with such an intervention. The alternatives are also assessed and thus the
process of learning developed is quite ideal for all of the programs linked to learning.
Interaction is an important aspect that is largely competent in increasing the performance
fragment across the EAL learners. Interaction across the classrooms initiate a better language
oriented development as the whole environment is highly diverse in terms of language diversity.
The changes are competent and a design process is built to initiate better response for all the
participants under a learning process (Cummins, 2009). A better interaction factor initiates
smooth relationship building among the learners and the teachers. Thus it empowering both of
these with their language essentials and developments. The entire structural framework is kept at
a simple note and thus it improves the entire result of learning process. The outreach and
involvement developed between learners and the teachers are significant with this process and
will influence the whole scenario positively. Interaction and peer-peer talk are some of the most
significant attributes described under sociocultural theory of mind. This theory specifies the fact
that the whole process of learning additional languages demands higher mental functioning. The
fact that higher mental functioning is achieved through regular and healthy interaction sessions,
is required to be assessed under the learning courses in order to retain the quality and support for
EAL learners. Apart from these, collaborative talks between EAL specialists and subject teachers
can also yield smooth results across the learning process of EAL students (Flynn, 2017). Such
partnerships are evident in helping the authorities to develop better course specifications and
design implementation for the learning process. These aspects can be also helpful in including
the courses with positive skills and attributes that are required to be put in to place for a better
operation. The fundamental string of learning for EAL students are positively affected as they
are provided with additional help and considerations. The outreach and justifications for these
factors are also supported by the fact that these are helpful in managing the interaction essentials
positively. The whole significance and usability of resources are quite well and a designated
throughout such courses. These additions are key to better approach and intense developmental
essentials all across the process.
3
atmosphere and decide a better framework for all of its learners. Courses under which these
aspects are taken care can ultimately develop a sense of collectiveness and promote better
interaction among the whole population. The objectives are fixed and thus the learners are
affected positively with such an intervention. The alternatives are also assessed and thus the
process of learning developed is quite ideal for all of the programs linked to learning.
Interaction is an important aspect that is largely competent in increasing the performance
fragment across the EAL learners. Interaction across the classrooms initiate a better language
oriented development as the whole environment is highly diverse in terms of language diversity.
The changes are competent and a design process is built to initiate better response for all the
participants under a learning process (Cummins, 2009). A better interaction factor initiates
smooth relationship building among the learners and the teachers. Thus it empowering both of
these with their language essentials and developments. The entire structural framework is kept at
a simple note and thus it improves the entire result of learning process. The outreach and
involvement developed between learners and the teachers are significant with this process and
will influence the whole scenario positively. Interaction and peer-peer talk are some of the most
significant attributes described under sociocultural theory of mind. This theory specifies the fact
that the whole process of learning additional languages demands higher mental functioning. The
fact that higher mental functioning is achieved through regular and healthy interaction sessions,
is required to be assessed under the learning courses in order to retain the quality and support for
EAL learners. Apart from these, collaborative talks between EAL specialists and subject teachers
can also yield smooth results across the learning process of EAL students (Flynn, 2017). Such
partnerships are evident in helping the authorities to develop better course specifications and
design implementation for the learning process. These aspects can be also helpful in including
the courses with positive skills and attributes that are required to be put in to place for a better
operation. The fundamental string of learning for EAL students are positively affected as they
are provided with additional help and considerations. The outreach and justifications for these
factors are also supported by the fact that these are helpful in managing the interaction essentials
positively. The whole significance and usability of resources are quite well and a designated
throughout such courses. These additions are key to better approach and intense developmental
essentials all across the process.
3
Inclusion of innovative tasks and activities across EAL courses can also be an important
development. These attributes are structured to facilitate better appearance of the required
essentials and integration of a better outreach that is available all along the course work. The
teachers must be sufficient in terms of acknowledging the variations across a class and
developing effective activities for frequent interaction and communication (Eversley et al. 2010).
The teachers must design tasks that are crucial for a process fundamental and for improving the
language based learning outcomes. The essentials are significant and are liable to promote a
described set of operational accomplishment for the learners. This can be helpful in building a
more diverse and reliable set of support system throughout the process. The activities designed
under this particular course structure must be competent in terms of operability and impact. EAL
learners can sense a feeling of belongingness across these attributes and this will impact their
learning process positively. Factors such as identification of key vocabulary, analysing the
specific ways of using the language and assessing the syntactic and semantic language
complexities across the process of learning (Leung and Creese, 2010). The changes achieved
must be equally implemented across each of the courses and thus an intensely feasible learning
process is initiated. The outcomes are strict and a detailing process is to be introduced from the
teachers for a better course development process.
The course must be sufficient in order to implement competencies and skills developed for first
language as well as the second language. The courses are designed to integrate learned skills and
abilities to indulge them across the available second language learning. Students are able to learn
relevant skills and abilities for their first language more smoothly and with an ease. Thus, the
course must be segmented to promote the availability of these skills and abilities throughout the
second language basis (Gilmour, 2017). This will be evident in reducing the efforts as well as
generate adequate sufficiency across the process of managing the learning process. The whole
scenario is built over positive and supportive associations and thus it will be a major help for the
existing language learning interventions. The learning process is strengthened with adequate
essentials and thus the implications are stuffed with required essentials available throughout the
process. The advancements across design based learning course development is the point of
inspiration for such attributes and thus are quite helpful in many possibilities. There are
additional segments to the course that signify better availability for the process of combining
both first as well as second language together for a better end result. The whole proceeding is
4
development. These attributes are structured to facilitate better appearance of the required
essentials and integration of a better outreach that is available all along the course work. The
teachers must be sufficient in terms of acknowledging the variations across a class and
developing effective activities for frequent interaction and communication (Eversley et al. 2010).
The teachers must design tasks that are crucial for a process fundamental and for improving the
language based learning outcomes. The essentials are significant and are liable to promote a
described set of operational accomplishment for the learners. This can be helpful in building a
more diverse and reliable set of support system throughout the process. The activities designed
under this particular course structure must be competent in terms of operability and impact. EAL
learners can sense a feeling of belongingness across these attributes and this will impact their
learning process positively. Factors such as identification of key vocabulary, analysing the
specific ways of using the language and assessing the syntactic and semantic language
complexities across the process of learning (Leung and Creese, 2010). The changes achieved
must be equally implemented across each of the courses and thus an intensely feasible learning
process is initiated. The outcomes are strict and a detailing process is to be introduced from the
teachers for a better course development process.
The course must be sufficient in order to implement competencies and skills developed for first
language as well as the second language. The courses are designed to integrate learned skills and
abilities to indulge them across the available second language learning. Students are able to learn
relevant skills and abilities for their first language more smoothly and with an ease. Thus, the
course must be segmented to promote the availability of these skills and abilities throughout the
second language basis (Gilmour, 2017). This will be evident in reducing the efforts as well as
generate adequate sufficiency across the process of managing the learning process. The whole
scenario is built over positive and supportive associations and thus it will be a major help for the
existing language learning interventions. The learning process is strengthened with adequate
essentials and thus the implications are stuffed with required essentials available throughout the
process. The advancements across design based learning course development is the point of
inspiration for such attributes and thus are quite helpful in many possibilities. There are
additional segments to the course that signify better availability for the process of combining
both first as well as second language together for a better end result. The whole proceeding is
4
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entitled to retain better observations and defined attributes that are competent in development of
a suitable learning process.
Learning both languages collectively increases the chances of success and thus influences the
entire scenario of managing development. It increases interaction between students and the
teachers and thus develop a relativity between general understandings of the both sections
(Cunningham, 2019). The fact that encouraging students to use their home language across
learning facilities increase the familiarity index and develops an urge to learn the second
language. Thus, teachers must develop an environment across which the processes are suitable
and their applications in terms of evident learning of second language are feasible. The courses
must also integrate and associate with the basic course designs and thus influence the whole
operational structure with much more competency and confidence. The whole scenario of
performance management is liable to be affected with a cooperation based learning design and
thus it will impact the entire system performance. The ability to encourage smooth transitions
and initiate better operability for learning are indicated across the applied courses. In addition to
this, the teachers must also align the learning prospects in consideration with the interests of
students (Bailey and Marsden, 2017). Courses developed with consideration to the learner’s
interest tend to result in a more successful process. It drives through the interests of a student and
their objectives are developed positively. Thus this particular segment is of major value for
several courses taken in to account. Including better operational design and significance to the
process outcomes result in a better learning environment and initiate better outcome all together.
Facilitation of courses in consideration with social, cultural and ethnic properties of the learners
are also considered as an equally important constituent. This particular entity is defined under the
sociolinguistic consciousness. This factor enables integration of an understanding between social
and political outcomes that are related to the usage of language. The fact that an individual is
aligned to its native language in many possible formats such as linguistic diversity values,
cultural belongingness and political connects (Dobinson and Buchori, 2016). Thus
acknowledging these essentials are quite effective and are significant to the developments across
any specific learning process. Assessment of these factors in detail are segmented to promote
better relatively among the students and their entire learning possibility. The outreach and
connectivity factors are also acknowledged and attained under such course development process
5
a suitable learning process.
Learning both languages collectively increases the chances of success and thus influences the
entire scenario of managing development. It increases interaction between students and the
teachers and thus develop a relativity between general understandings of the both sections
(Cunningham, 2019). The fact that encouraging students to use their home language across
learning facilities increase the familiarity index and develops an urge to learn the second
language. Thus, teachers must develop an environment across which the processes are suitable
and their applications in terms of evident learning of second language are feasible. The courses
must also integrate and associate with the basic course designs and thus influence the whole
operational structure with much more competency and confidence. The whole scenario of
performance management is liable to be affected with a cooperation based learning design and
thus it will impact the entire system performance. The ability to encourage smooth transitions
and initiate better operability for learning are indicated across the applied courses. In addition to
this, the teachers must also align the learning prospects in consideration with the interests of
students (Bailey and Marsden, 2017). Courses developed with consideration to the learner’s
interest tend to result in a more successful process. It drives through the interests of a student and
their objectives are developed positively. Thus this particular segment is of major value for
several courses taken in to account. Including better operational design and significance to the
process outcomes result in a better learning environment and initiate better outcome all together.
Facilitation of courses in consideration with social, cultural and ethnic properties of the learners
are also considered as an equally important constituent. This particular entity is defined under the
sociolinguistic consciousness. This factor enables integration of an understanding between social
and political outcomes that are related to the usage of language. The fact that an individual is
aligned to its native language in many possible formats such as linguistic diversity values,
cultural belongingness and political connects (Dobinson and Buchori, 2016). Thus
acknowledging these essentials are quite effective and are significant to the developments across
any specific learning process. Assessment of these factors in detail are segmented to promote
better relatively among the students and their entire learning possibility. The outreach and
connectivity factors are also acknowledged and attained under such course development process
5
that ultimately yield significant results. This concept of managing courses holds true for a variety
of sections that are related to the learning of EAL students (Flores and Rosa, 2019). The
implications are liable to develop connectivity with these learners and thus initiate better learning
outcomes across the process.
A learning process must also figure out ways to control the knowledge base across its teachers.
Thus behaviour and actions of a teacher are competent to guide the whole learning process and it
must be structured efficiently. Especially in case of EAL students as they are from a different
background and operational structure (Hessel and Murphy, 2019). Thus implicating better
outreach and significance to the whole process of managing effective learning outcomes. The
process is also strengthened through proper training and development of the teachers so that they
have the required set of skills and abilities. Availability of sufficient competency factor for
teachers is largely based on their ability and knowledge to work with students from different
language groups and thus a complete assessment of these qualities are essential from time to
time. It enhances the whole operability and designing of a learning course and also impacts the
process outcome positively. The basic conceptualization of teaching is defined by its ability to
enhance interaction and supply the required knowledge segments across its available students.
Thus enabling their respective opinions and ideologies to undergo changes and modifications
based on requirements. Students from different language groups require patient and cooperation
from their teachers and thus these two attributes are key abilities required among EAL teachers
(Kiramba, 2019).
The strength of EAL students across a learning process is also a major factor for deciding
progress. As familiarity is required for almost all of the students to grow and excel their learning
competencies, strength of students is an equally deciding factor. It helps them gain confidence
and withstand limitations in terms of success. The operability factor is quite effective and are
undermined to result in better outreach for the course. The strength of students are also
competent in managing huge demographic differences that are available across schools (Demie
and Lewis, 2018). A good strength of EAL learners encourage the school authorities to undertake
better provisions for improving the learning environment and enhance the possibility of success
for available students. Although, the provisions suggest that schools must take care of every EAL
student and its learning requirements irrespective of their strength and composition but it remains
6
of sections that are related to the learning of EAL students (Flores and Rosa, 2019). The
implications are liable to develop connectivity with these learners and thus initiate better learning
outcomes across the process.
A learning process must also figure out ways to control the knowledge base across its teachers.
Thus behaviour and actions of a teacher are competent to guide the whole learning process and it
must be structured efficiently. Especially in case of EAL students as they are from a different
background and operational structure (Hessel and Murphy, 2019). Thus implicating better
outreach and significance to the whole process of managing effective learning outcomes. The
process is also strengthened through proper training and development of the teachers so that they
have the required set of skills and abilities. Availability of sufficient competency factor for
teachers is largely based on their ability and knowledge to work with students from different
language groups and thus a complete assessment of these qualities are essential from time to
time. It enhances the whole operability and designing of a learning course and also impacts the
process outcome positively. The basic conceptualization of teaching is defined by its ability to
enhance interaction and supply the required knowledge segments across its available students.
Thus enabling their respective opinions and ideologies to undergo changes and modifications
based on requirements. Students from different language groups require patient and cooperation
from their teachers and thus these two attributes are key abilities required among EAL teachers
(Kiramba, 2019).
The strength of EAL students across a learning process is also a major factor for deciding
progress. As familiarity is required for almost all of the students to grow and excel their learning
competencies, strength of students is an equally deciding factor. It helps them gain confidence
and withstand limitations in terms of success. The operability factor is quite effective and are
undermined to result in better outreach for the course. The strength of students are also
competent in managing huge demographic differences that are available across schools (Demie
and Lewis, 2018). A good strength of EAL learners encourage the school authorities to undertake
better provisions for improving the learning environment and enhance the possibility of success
for available students. Although, the provisions suggest that schools must take care of every EAL
student and its learning requirements irrespective of their strength and composition but it remains
6
a largely decisive factor. The provisions and constituents of learning for EAL students are
competent to build better relationships within their respective dimensions of understanding and
thus encourage both teachers as well as students to develop strict provisions (Liu and Evans,
2016).
Educational policies are also an important factor that are integrated to enhance the learning
possibilities across EAL students. There are some significant policies and provisions that are
linked to encourage better outreach for the learning process of students. The British primary
schools are operated with significant policies that are developed in a way to manage the
increasing diversity and number of EAL students across the educational scenario (Finley, 2018).
Thus availability of competent provisions and strategies through government agencies can also
act as a major factor to improving the learning prospects across second language. These policies
are the basis of allocated funds and thus empower the education system with sufficient outreach
for a better course development. The competency of services are based on these policies as it
includes sufficient provisions for the teachers and the learners. Although, there has been several
negative approaches undertaken across the EAL learning facilities across recent years. These
account for specific decrement in the fund allocation process and replacing of community based
learning facilities with private schools (Demie, 2018). These factors have been evident in
limiting the development process across learners with English as second language. The amount
of attention and support required by them are limited to a certain extent due to the availability of
these factors.
The courses must be ideal in terms of sufficient ethical considerations and the schools hold this
responsibility to perform specific operations. The operations are largely based on improvised
provisions and possibilities that are encouraged to include better and relatable design
specifications. There are specific standards to be maintained and updated at a regulated manner.
A detailed assessment of these fragments are based on increasing its operability and associating
efficient design fundamentals all together (Afitska and Clegg, 2016). The provisions for success
are sure with such attributes and thus the liabilities across schools are huge. Thus including better
operational specifications and designing smooth transition all across the process are some of the
key entities that are considered across an EAL learning facility. It encourages the participants to
practice better values and cooperation driven approach for deterring the success prospects in
7
competent to build better relationships within their respective dimensions of understanding and
thus encourage both teachers as well as students to develop strict provisions (Liu and Evans,
2016).
Educational policies are also an important factor that are integrated to enhance the learning
possibilities across EAL students. There are some significant policies and provisions that are
linked to encourage better outreach for the learning process of students. The British primary
schools are operated with significant policies that are developed in a way to manage the
increasing diversity and number of EAL students across the educational scenario (Finley, 2018).
Thus availability of competent provisions and strategies through government agencies can also
act as a major factor to improving the learning prospects across second language. These policies
are the basis of allocated funds and thus empower the education system with sufficient outreach
for a better course development. The competency of services are based on these policies as it
includes sufficient provisions for the teachers and the learners. Although, there has been several
negative approaches undertaken across the EAL learning facilities across recent years. These
account for specific decrement in the fund allocation process and replacing of community based
learning facilities with private schools (Demie, 2018). These factors have been evident in
limiting the development process across learners with English as second language. The amount
of attention and support required by them are limited to a certain extent due to the availability of
these factors.
The courses must be ideal in terms of sufficient ethical considerations and the schools hold this
responsibility to perform specific operations. The operations are largely based on improvised
provisions and possibilities that are encouraged to include better and relatable design
specifications. There are specific standards to be maintained and updated at a regulated manner.
A detailed assessment of these fragments are based on increasing its operability and associating
efficient design fundamentals all together (Afitska and Clegg, 2016). The provisions for success
are sure with such attributes and thus the liabilities across schools are huge. Thus including better
operational specifications and designing smooth transition all across the process are some of the
key entities that are considered across an EAL learning facility. It encourages the participants to
practice better values and cooperation driven approach for deterring the success prospects in
7
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longer run. The objectives are developed accordingly and thus both teachers as well as students
retain this provision across all of its defined segments. The aspects for success of such programs
depend upon continuous obligations and predefined provisions for quality management
(Kusumaningputri and Widodo, 2018). Thus encouraging better results and enhancing the quality
factor across the entire learning process.
In order to conclude, it can be assessed that the efforts made across EAL learning fragments are
quite supportive and helpful for related students. The provisions across primary schooling is
defined through adequate information standard and significant obligation to the process of
resource management. The objectives are predefined and teachers are enabled with suitable
skillsets for improving the results. In addition to this, the provisions included under this process
of learning is also supported by a variety of social and political factors. Thus including relevant
obligations increase the success rate across EAL students. There are sections that define
availability of a supportive environment is also a major factor for improving the whole process
of development. The intended resources are largely defined by teachers and their behaviour
towards the students (Ollerhead, 2019). Thus availability of a supporting staff is also a major
property that is required by EAL learning facilities. Different set of theories and concepts are
also assessed to build a better operational guidance for the whole learning process. In addition to
this, the importance of collaboration among first and second languages are also encouraged for a
better learning environment. Acknowledging some of the most important aspects for an ideal
approach is also assessed all across the process. This analysis describes linguistic responsiveness
factor across students and teachers as the main guiding principle of learning. These factors are
suitable for increasing the learning prospects with a supportive and cooperation driven entity.
Thus each of the provided sections under the learning course are described in detail and a
reflection is built to understand its current state. A variety of insights are put in to place for
increasing the entire operational ability of such courses. Different secondary sources are assessed
to improvise the whole scenario and attract better knowledge base for conducting a
comprehensive research. The proposed obligations are intended to promote better outcomes and
thus are applied significantly across all of the possible sections. This analysis drives through the
current position of primary school system in terms of EAL students.
8
retain this provision across all of its defined segments. The aspects for success of such programs
depend upon continuous obligations and predefined provisions for quality management
(Kusumaningputri and Widodo, 2018). Thus encouraging better results and enhancing the quality
factor across the entire learning process.
In order to conclude, it can be assessed that the efforts made across EAL learning fragments are
quite supportive and helpful for related students. The provisions across primary schooling is
defined through adequate information standard and significant obligation to the process of
resource management. The objectives are predefined and teachers are enabled with suitable
skillsets for improving the results. In addition to this, the provisions included under this process
of learning is also supported by a variety of social and political factors. Thus including relevant
obligations increase the success rate across EAL students. There are sections that define
availability of a supportive environment is also a major factor for improving the whole process
of development. The intended resources are largely defined by teachers and their behaviour
towards the students (Ollerhead, 2019). Thus availability of a supporting staff is also a major
property that is required by EAL learning facilities. Different set of theories and concepts are
also assessed to build a better operational guidance for the whole learning process. In addition to
this, the importance of collaboration among first and second languages are also encouraged for a
better learning environment. Acknowledging some of the most important aspects for an ideal
approach is also assessed all across the process. This analysis describes linguistic responsiveness
factor across students and teachers as the main guiding principle of learning. These factors are
suitable for increasing the learning prospects with a supportive and cooperation driven entity.
Thus each of the provided sections under the learning course are described in detail and a
reflection is built to understand its current state. A variety of insights are put in to place for
increasing the entire operational ability of such courses. Different secondary sources are assessed
to improvise the whole scenario and attract better knowledge base for conducting a
comprehensive research. The proposed obligations are intended to promote better outcomes and
thus are applied significantly across all of the possible sections. This analysis drives through the
current position of primary school system in terms of EAL students.
8
References:
Afitska, O. and Clegg, J., 2016. Supporting teachers in EAL classrooms: working towards the
centralised provision of subject‐specific, EAL‐tailored resources for primary classrooms. The
European Journal of Applied Linguistics and TEFL, 5(1), pp.95-108.
Al-Azami, S., Kenner, C., Ruby, M. and Gregory, E., 2010. Transliteration as a bridge to
learning for bilingual children. International Journal of Bilingual Education and
Bilingualism, 13(6), pp.683-700.
Alfaro, C. and Bartolomé, L., 2017. Preparing Ideologically Clear Bilingual Teachers: Honoring
Working-Class Non-Standard Language Use in the Bilingual Education Classroom. Issues in
Teacher Education, 26(2), pp.11-34.
Bailey, A.L. and Heritage, M., 2017. Imperatives for teacher education: Findings from studies of
effective teaching for English language learners. In A companion to research in teacher
education (pp. 697-712). Springer, Singapore.
Bailey, E.G. and Marsden, E., 2017. Teachers’ views on recognising and using home languages
in predominantly monolingual primary schools. Language and Education, 31(4), pp.283-306.
Cummins, J., 2009. Multilingualism in the English‐language classroom: Pedagogical
considerations. TESOL quarterly, 43(2), pp.317-321.
Cunningham, C., 2019. Terminological tussles: Taking issue with ‘English as an Additional
Language’and ‘Languages Other Than English’. Power and Education, 11(1), pp.121-128.
Demie, F. and Lewis, K., 2018. Raising achievement of English as additional language pupils in
schools: implications for policy and practice. Educational Review, 70(4), pp.427-446.
Demie, F., 2018. English language proficiency and attainment of EAL (English as second
language) pupils in England. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 39(7),
pp.641-653.
Dobinson, T. and Buchori, S., 2016. Catering for EAL/D students' language needs in mainstream
classes: Early childhood teachers' perspectives and practices in one Australian setting. Australian
Journal of Teacher Education, 41(2), pp.32-52.
9
Afitska, O. and Clegg, J., 2016. Supporting teachers in EAL classrooms: working towards the
centralised provision of subject‐specific, EAL‐tailored resources for primary classrooms. The
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VonAhn, M., 2010. Language capital: Mapping the languages of London's schoolchildren.
Finley, A.M., 2018. Fostering success: Belongingness pedagogy for English language
learners. BC TEAL Journal, 3(1), pp.37-48.
Flores, N. and Rosa, J., 2019. Bringing race into second language acquisition. The Modern
Language Journal, 103, pp.145-151.
Flynn, N., 2017. Language and literacy for children who are English language learners (ELLs):
Developing linguistically responsive teachers. In The literate classroom (pp. 87-99). Routledge.
Gilmour, R., 2017. Reading/Writing Multilingualism: language, literature and creativity in the
multilingual classroom. English in Education, 51(3), pp.296-307.
Henderson, K.I., 2017. Teacher language ideologies mediating classroom-level language policy
in the implementation of dual language bilingual education. Linguistics and Education, 42,
pp.21-33.
Hessel, A.K. and Murphy, V.A., 2019. Understanding how time flies and what it means to be on
cloud nine: English as an Additional Language (EAL) learners’ metaphor
comprehension. Journal of child language, 46(2), pp.265-291.
Kiramba, L.K., 2019. Heteroglossic practices in a multilingual science classroom. International
Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 22(4), pp.445-458.
Kusumaningputri, R. and Widodo, H.P., 2018. Promoting Indonesian university students' critical
intercultural awareness in tertiary EAL classrooms: The use of digital photograph-mediated
intercultural tasks. System, 72, pp.49-61.
Leung, C. and Creese, A., 2010. English as an additional language: Approaches to teaching
linguistic minority students. Sage Publications.
Liu, Y. and Evans, M., 2016. Multilingualism as legitimate shared repertoires in school
communities of practice: students’ and teachers’ discursive constructions of languages in two
schools in England. Cambridge Journal of Education, 46(4), pp.553-568.
10
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Mackey, W.F., 2001. Multilingual Capital: The Languages of London’s Schoolchildren and
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Nilsson, J. and Axelsson, M., 2017. “Welcome to Sweden”: Newly arrived students’ experiences
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Journal of Elementary Education, 6(1), pp.137-164.
Ollerhead, S., 2019. Teaching across semiotic modes with multilingual learners:
Translanguaging in an Australian classroom. Language and Education, 33(2), pp.106-122.
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Educational Research, 80, pp.101-110.
Whiteside, K.E., Gooch, D. and Norbury, C.F., 2017. English language proficiency and early
school attainment among children learning English as an additional language. Child
development, 88(3), pp.812-827.
11
Their Relevance to Economic, Social and Educational Policies: Philip Baker & John Eversley
(eds). Journal of multilingual and multicultural development, 22(5), pp.438-439.
McGlynn-Stewart, M., Murphy, S., Pinto, I., Mogyorodi, E. and Nguyen, T., 2019. Technology
supported early literacy learning in a multilingual community preschool. Education 3-13, 47(6),
pp.692-704.
Nilsson, J. and Axelsson, M., 2017. “Welcome to Sweden”: Newly arrived students’ experiences
of pedagogical and social provision in ıntroductory and regular classes. International Electronic
Journal of Elementary Education, 6(1), pp.137-164.
Ollerhead, S., 2019. Teaching across semiotic modes with multilingual learners:
Translanguaging in an Australian classroom. Language and Education, 33(2), pp.106-122.
Poza, L.E., 2018. The language of ciencia: Translanguaging and learning in a bilingual science
classroom. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 21(1), pp.1-19.
Vojtkova, M., Morris, S.P., Cara, O. and Marshall, L., 2016. Research Protocol: A cluster
randomised controlled trial to evaluate the Family SKILLS programme for reception year
students from families in which English is an additional language. International Journal of
Educational Research, 80, pp.101-110.
Whiteside, K.E., Gooch, D. and Norbury, C.F., 2017. English language proficiency and early
school attainment among children learning English as an additional language. Child
development, 88(3), pp.812-827.
11
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