PEH60001 - Polio: Prevention, Symptoms, and Public Health Impact

This student-created poster provides an overview of polio, a contagious infection caused by the poliovirus, detailing its symptoms such as sore throat, fever, and potential for paralysis. It discusses transmission methods, including contact with infected feces and contaminated food. The poster highlights the public health significance of polio, particularly its impact in the early 20th century, and describes the two main types of vaccines used for prevention: IPV (Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine) and OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine), including an overview of the recommended schedules for administering the IPV vaccine. The poster concludes with a list of references used for gathering information.

TBIO ECHNOLOGY
1
THE SELECTED
DISEAS IS POLIO
Introduction
This is a contagious infection
which can result in paralysis if
no action is taken in advance
and in some cases, it can result
in death if it is in most severe
form. And this disease caused
by a virus known as poliovirus.
Pregnant women are most
vulnerable to polio infection.
Symptoms
These symptoms of polio always
last for a few weeks and in some
cases few days, these symptoms
include the following;
- A sore throat
- Vomiting
- Fatigue
- Fever
- A headache
- Neck and back pain
- Leg and arm stiffness
- Spasms and muscle
tenderness
Fig 1: Showing a child suffering
from polio (Alexander, 2013)
- Breathing and
swallowing difficulties
- Exhaustion for no
reason
- Muscle
atrophy/shrinkage
- Joint pains and muscles
weakness
- Suffering in colder
temperature
Transmission
Polio is highly contagious
which always spread from an
individual to another. In many
cases, polio is spread through
contact with faeces of an
infected person (stool having
poliovirus).
- Eating or sharing
food/utensils with an
individual with
someone infected with
poliovirus
- Drinking or eating food
which is contaminated
with poliovirus.
(Alexander, 2013).
Vaccine
There are two common
vaccines which are available for
polio, such vaccines include the
following;
- IPV ( Inactivated
Poliovirus )
- OPV ( Oral Polio
Vaccine )
IPV has a sequence of
injections which always begin
two months after the birth and
continues until 6 years old of the
child. This type of vaccine is
most common in the US, and it
is very safe and efficacy and
cannot result in polio.
OPV is generated from a
weakened form of poliovirus.
This type of vaccine is applied
in most countries in the world
since is the relatively cheap type
and easier to administer.
Public health significance
Few maladies startled guardians
more within the early portion of
the 20th C than did polio. Polio
is most common within the
warm summer season, clearing
through cities in plagues each
few a long time. In spite of the
Fig 2: Showing a doctor being
administered OPV (Alexander,
2013)
fact that most individuals
recovered swiftly from polio, a
few tolerated brief or consistent
motion loss and indeed passing
(Oshinsky, 2015). Many polio
survivors were crippled for life.
An overview of the schedule/s
for administering the vaccine
Polio vaccine Inactivated Polio
Antibody (IPV) can anticipate
polio.
Children
Most individuals ought to get
IPV when they are children
(Alexander, 2013). Dosages of
IPV are as a rule given at 2, 4, 6
to 18 months, and 4 to 6 a long
time of age. The plan could be
distinctive for a few children
(counting those travelling to
certain nations and those who
get IPV as a portion of a
combination antibody).
References
Alexander, W. (2013). Sister
Elizabeth Kenny:
Maverick Heroine of
the Polio Treatment
Controversy.
Manchester : Central
Queensland University
Press.
Oshinsky, D. (2015). Polio: An
American Story. Hull:
Oxford University
Press.