Causes and Prevention of Pollution Issues

This article discusses the various forms of pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, and noise pollution. It explores the causes of pollution, such as industrial waste and agricultural activities, and the impact of pollution on the environment and human health. The article also provides information on pollution prevention and the use of technology to reduce pollution. Course code, course name, and college/university are not mentioned.

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Pollution

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Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................................2
Pollution issues...............................................................................................................2
Direct impact..................................................................................................................4
Indirect impact............................................................................................................5
Causes of pollution.........................................................................................................5
Air pollution...............................................................................................................5
The burning of fossil fuel:......................................................................................5
Agriculture activities:.............................................................................................6
Exhaust from factories and industries.....................................................................6
Mining operations:..................................................................................................6
Indoor air pollution:................................................................................................6
Water Pollution...........................................................................................................6
Industrial waste:......................................................................................................7
Sewage and wastewater:.........................................................................................7
Marine dumping:.....................................................................................................7
Accidental oil leakage:............................................................................................7
The burning of fossil fuels:.....................................................................................7
Animal waste:.........................................................................................................7
Leakage from the landfills:.....................................................................................8
Noise pollution:..........................................................................................................8

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Industrial causes......................................................................................................8
Agricultural Machinery...........................................................................................8
Household Utilities.................................................................................................8
Transportation.........................................................................................................9
Public addresses......................................................................................................9
Social events...........................................................................................................9
Pollution prevention.......................................................................................................9
Conclusion....................................................................................................................11
References....................................................................................................................12

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Introduction
When various contaminants enter into an environment and harm the ecosystem, it is
called pollution. Chemical substances such as heat, light, and noise are the reason which
cause the pollution. There are various forms of the pollution such as air pollution, water
pollution, noise pollution, soil pollution, and many more. Pollution is caused by human action
or reaction and sometimes due to the natural disaster. It is also caused by the natural disaster
such as tornadoes, hurricanes, Volcanic eruptions, earthquake and other storms. The risk is
caused by the pollution which affects the living being. Air pollution causes throat
inflammation, chest pain, cardiovascular, respiratory diseases, and general congestion. Aged
people have more risk from air pollution especially those have heart problems or lungs
disorder (Anderson, Thundiyil, & Stolbach, 2012). 14000 people are dying each day due to
contaminated drinking water. Almost 900 million people are still drinking contaminated
water. Pollution spread in large amount by an industrialized society by disposing of the
waste. Ocean acidification, smog can reduce the sunlight which is received by the plants to
carry out the photosynthesis, Nitrogen oxides change the composition of the ecosystem which
affects the environment. These are caused by the Carbon dioxide emission. When refineries
are involved in the environment then environmental damage is not normal. Nuclear power
plants or motor vehicles also cause the pollution by realizing hazardous gases (Gurjar,
Molina, & Ojha, 2010). In this paper, causes of pollution issues and their prevention is
reported.
Pollution issues
There are many pollution issues which affects the living organism due to the
carelessness of a human being and also by the natural disaster. Environmental degradation,

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human health, global warming, Infertile land and Ozone layer depletion are the main issues
which is caused by the pollution. Increasing CO2 in the environment leads to smog which
reduces the sunlight. There are many gases which affects the environment like Nitrogen oxide
and Sulfur dioxide cause the acid rain. Disposing of waste into the water cause the water
pollution. The result of disposing of waste in the environment is the death of the million
people or the wildlife species as well as it also effects the human health. With increase the air
pollution, human being suffers from the respiratory problems such as asthma, and lung
cancer. Due to water pollution, human being suffers from the skin problems like skin rashes
and irritation. Hearing loss, sleep disturbance and stress is caused by the noise pollution. By
cutting the tree every day to make the new homes and by setting up the industries increase the
greenhouse gases (Ma, Ding, Wei, Zhao, & Huang, 2009). By developing the technology,
vehicles on roads are increases day by day with increases the air pollution which melting the
ice caps. Melting ice caps increases the level of sea which is dangerous for the people living
near the areas (Seinfeld, & Pandis, 2016).
By continuous using of the pesticide and insecticides, a soil may become infertile
from which plants cannot grow properly. The ozone layer is the shield in the sky which
restrict ultraviolet rays for reaching the earth. Chemicals contributed to the depletion of ozone
layer like CFCs. India is the most polluted country in the world. Water pollution mainly
caused in industrial areas and agriculture lands by discharging the waste into the rivers and
lakes. Water pollution issues is increases in the high level of scale from which million people
are dying because of unsafe water. Almost 80% percent of rivers, lakes and seas are polluted
(Schwarzenbach, Egli, Hofstetter, Von Gunten, & Wehrli, 2010). Industries leave greenhouse
gas which caused the water pollution and air pollution. Air pollution caused by specific areas
these are Industries and mining operations. 50% of air pollution issues come from the
automobiles. Mining is a process in which large type of equipment is used which released

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chemicals and powders in the air (Nielsen, et al., 2012). Noise pollution comes from the
industrial or agriculture area. From noise pollution, 360 million people have disabling hearing
loss speecially 12-15% employee face this problem.
Water quality index is a number which expresses the quality of water at a certain time
based on water quality. Water quality index included six variables such as dissolved oxygen,
chemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, pH, and nitrogen.
59.11 was an average rate and it was a lower rate as compared to other years. In 2014, 77.57
was observed as the maximum rate of water quality as compare to last years. The quality of
water change by two ways direct and indirect pollution (Hounslow, 2018).
(Source: Valente, Drain, & Meadows, 2017).
Direct impact
From releasing fluid or toxic solid mixed directly into the river or sea. Due to this,
water is converted into the poison for aquatic creatures. It also affects the animals, and
humans by drinking this type of water. There is also a risk for those who swim or participate
in the activities of swimming which cause illness or death in extreme cases. It increases due
to direct pollution. Direct pollution can affect the living style of the people due to increasing
global warming (Zivin, & Neidell, 2012).

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Indirect impact
Indirectly introducing contaminated particles into water is called indirect
pollution. Chemicals of pesticides or fertilizers are slowly mix in the soil from which
it goes into the groundwater and then into the various watercourses. Acid rain caused
by the air pollution which is harmful to the wildlife, humans health and buildings
(Falchi, Cinzano, Elvidge, Keith, & Haim, 2011).
Causes of pollution
There are various forms of pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution
which affects the environment.
Air pollution
Air pollution is the dangerous form of pollution. It occurs when gases or substances
enter into the environment. It is harmful for the human health like allergies and also it has a
risk of death. Air pollution caused by the many reasons such as burning of fossil fuels,
agricultural activities, mining operations and others.
The burning of fossil fuel:
Fossil fuels mean coal, petroleum, and others. Air pollution cause by these fossil
fuels. Vehicles like Trucks, cars, jeeps, and trains fulfill the basic needs of our life but these
cause the pollution in the environment. Carbon monoxide is a improper combustion and it is
generally caused by the vehicles (Ma, et al., 2010).
Agriculture activities:
Ammonia is used in the agriculture activities and it is the most harmful gases in the
atmosphere. Use of insecticides and pesticides are also harmful to the environment and the
land.
Exhaust from factories and industries:

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Harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, organic compounds, and chemicals are
released in the large amount by the manufacturing industries. Nowadays, Industries are found
at every place of the world. Specially refinery industries affects the environment by release
hydrocarbons and various other chemicals which cause the air pollution (Lave, & Seskin,
2013).
Mining operations:
Mining is the process of extracting the minerals which release the dust and chemicals
in the air. This is one of the reasons that the mining industries are responsible for the air
pollution.
Indoor air pollution:
Household cleaning products, Painting supplies emit toxic chemicals in the air.
Painting walls also contribute in spreding the air pollution because it includes the chemicals
which are harmful to the environment (Lelieveld, Evans, Fnais, Giannadaki, & Pozzer, 2015).
Water Pollution
Chemicals are entere into the water is called water pollution. It is caused by the
human activities and natural disaster. Water is important for the domestic purpose and also
for the industries. There are the many reasons which cause the water pollution such as
Industrial waste, sewage and wastewater and others.
Industrial waste:
Industries produce the product by using toxic chemicals which is harmful to a human
being and the environment. The chemicals contain lead, asbestos, sulfur and mercury and
many industries do not have a waste management system that is why they dispose the waste
into the river. These chemicals cause the water pollution and also they have the capacity to
change the color and temperature of the water.

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Sewage and wastewater:
Wastewater is produced by the household sector which released into the sea with
fresh water. There is the sewer in the cities which cause the water pollution in the country.
Marine dumping:
Every house throw the waste material such as paper aluminum, glass, food, and
rubber into the sea. These items take time to decompose around 209 years which is harmful
for the human being and also for the animals.
Accidental oil leakage:
Oil spill pose is a huge problem when a large amount of oil enter into the sea and it
does not mix with the water. It creates the problem for local marine wildlife these are birds,
sea, and fish.
The burning of fossil fuels:
Fossil fuels also cause the water pollution. Coal and oil produce the substantial
amount of ash in the environment. When the particles mix with the water vapor then the
result is acid rain.
Animal waste:
Animal waste is washed away into the sea when it rains.
Leakage from the landfills:
Underground water can pollute by leaking landfill. Landliff contains a huge amount
of garbage which produces smell and pollution.
Noise pollution:
The excessive amount of sound in the atmosphere causes the noise pollution. The
Unpleasant sound is produces which is unnatural. Vehicles horn, electrical appliances cause

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the noise pollution in the environment. There are many reasons which cause the noise
pollution such as industrialization, poor urban planning, and others.
Industrial causes
Industrial area is the reason of the noise pollution because machines produce the
sounds. In Industries, miles and factories used machines which produces the sound. It also
damages the hearing ability of the people who work or live near the manufacturing industries.
It is necessary for the worker to wear earplugs or cover them to prevent the loud noise.
Agricultural Machinery
Tube wells, power saw, thrashers, and harvesters are the cause of noise pollution . The
range of the sound is around 90dB to 98dB in an agricultural area according to the records.
Agriculture machinery produces the high intensity of sound which causes the hearing
problem (Hammer, Swinburn, & Neitzel, 2014).
Household Utilities
Household is also a major cause of noise pollution. From the common use, the
household gadget is used such as mixer-grinders, air conditioners, vaccum cleaners, washing
machines and pressure cookers. Electrical houses are also used as musical instruments, TVs,
radio, and telephones. These instruments can be very noisy which can create a disturbance for
everyone. Apart from all these things banging on doors, moving furniture, house renovations
and playing of children are also a part of creating the pollution.
Transportation
Pollution is increasing with increasing automobiles. Increasing traffic cause the traffic
jam and traffic produce the noise. The intensity of pollution is high because of widespread
vehicular noise pollution. Airplanes, helicopter, and jets also create the sound. Metropolitian
area has a high level of pollution.

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Public addresses
Public addressing is also an issue for the noise pollution. In some countries, using the
loudspeaker is banned they use for the special reason like ceremonies, religious functions and
other. The alarm system also causes the unpleasant sound which affects the other activities.
Social events
There are many social events such as parties, gigs, worship places and discos in which
loudspeaker is used. Normal activities of the people is affected by the unpleasant sound like
conversation, sleeping, and others.
These are the causes of the pollution issues which is harmful to everyone. Pollution is
a major problem it is necessary to control it (Maisonneuve, Stevens, Niessen, Hanappe, &
Steels, 2009)
Pollution prevention
It is necessary to control the pollution for the environment protection. Pollution has
various forms which caused by many reasons. Everyone is contributed to spreading the
pollution. Environment protection is necessary for the future resources and for the better
environment. With the help of the technology pollution can be controlled. There are many
new technologies which are introducing to help in reducing the population. By following the
controller process like sensor and meter making the manufacturing process effectively or less
polluted the environment by decrease the waste (Cooper, & Alley, 2010). By converting the
engine exhaust system and smokestacks reduce the air pollution. Recycling is also a method
to prevent the pollution. Recycling the old material to convert them into new material. Plastic
bags, glass, and wood fibers are the material which can easily recycle and use as a new
material. This method is beneficial for the globe and starts reducing the pollution. A tea bag
is introduced for cleaning the water by destroying the bacteria (Viessman, Hammer, Perez, &

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Chadik, 2009). Installation of air purifier in the car reduce the pollution. Air purifying bulb
also emit the pollutant from the air. Fabric fibers also a method to remove the dust from the
gases (Lee, Speight, & Loyalka, 2014). They also remove the acidic gases from the air.
Incineration is the way to convert the VOC into the carbon dioxide. Carbon can be stored in
the ground by using the pumping into the geological layers. By using these types of
technology remove the pollution from the atmosphere (Wu, Mohammad, Jahim, & Anuar,
2010). It can also remove with the help of human efforts or awareness. People should also
aware for the pollution by avoiding the plastic bags. People should walk or using cycles
instead of using scooters or cars at a certain limit. These are the ways in which pollution can
remove with the help of technology (Kadlec, et al., 2017).

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Conclusion
Introducing contaminated particles into the atmosphere is called pollution. Quality of
the water change due to the pollution. There are various forms of pollution such as noise
pollution, water pollution, air pollution and others. It has various causes like manufacturing
industries, agriculture machinery, plastic bags and many more causes. Due to the pollution,
many issues arise which can affect aquatic creatures, humans, and animals. There are various
treatments to reduce the pollution with the help of technologies like bulbs and air purifiers.
Thus, necessary changes or strategies should be implemented to resolve caused by the
harmful effluents from industries.

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