Pollution and Its Effects on the Environment and Human Health

Pollution is a serious problem that affects the environment and human health. It is caused by human activities such as industrialization, urbanization, and deforestation. Pollution can lead to global warming, rise in sea level, and depletion of the ozone layer. It can also cause various diseases in humans and animals. The only benefit of pollution is the piguovian tax, which is a government cost on activities that create externalities that are socially harmful.

Running head: POLLUTION
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Author’s Note

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Pollution can be defined as “the contamination of the physical and biological
components of the earth or atmosphere system to such an extent that normal environmental
processes are adversely affected”. Environmental pollution can be considered as one the
serious problems that humanity as well as other life forms has been facing in this planet
(Hilsenhoff 7). Environmental pollution can occur naturally by various energies or
substances. These substances are known as pollutants or contaminants when they are excreted
or emitted in excess levels. The usage of natural substances when used more than its natural
level or more than the capacityof nature can result in pollution of water, air and land.
Environmental pollution represents the unfavourablealteration of the surrounding, largely
(Kadlec 23). These alterations are result of human actions by direct or indirect effects of
various changes in the pattern of energy.
Human activities are thegreatest reason for pollution. An example of this is, when
people throw plastic. Most of the people utilize plastic for various purposes in there day to
day life. Someof these people tend to throw plastics away when they haveused it
completelyor when they do not need it any more (Devinny 79). Plastic is manufactured out of
numerous dangerous chemicals hence when they are thrown away animals consume them and
lose their lives. Along with this plastic also causes land pollution. People also throw plastic in
the ocean which endangers aquatic life. The harm caused to the environment by people by
their activities might back fire them as well. Suppose a fish has consumed some amount of
plastic that was floating in the water body, this fish is caught by fishermen and sold in the
market (Lelieveld 84). When this fish is bough by people they consume the same and as a
result they consume some amount of plastic. The consumption of plastic then harms our
health. Similarly air pollution is caused by airplanes as well as various factories. Usually
factories produce tons of smoke (Laws 39). This smoke contains of numerous harmful gases
which when inhales cause lot of diseases.

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Pollution contaminates the surroundings; this contamination is done by some
pollutants that are present in the natural surroundings. Pollutants can be considered as thekey
components or elements of pollution that are generally waste materials. Pollution affects the
ecosystem negatively (Huang 42). It also disturbs the balance of the nature. Pollution has
reached at its peak with the advancement and development in lives of people. New industries
are being built, new vehicles are manufactured for people to use them and numerous trees are
chopped off in order to build homes for the continuously growing population. It is not new
that pollution has a bad effect in people’s lives. People do not realise being in the danger
when pollution would be to at its highest point and people have to fight to live. Peoplepollute
continuously and does not care about its consequences (Seinfeld 29). During the evolution of
human beings, no factories or stores existed that made them shoes or clothes. The
development of these has made peoplecareless and that is the reason for the destruction of
nature.
The rate level of pollution is around 80% which beyond the level till which nature can
withstand. There are numerous things that have the capacity to kill us. Pollution is not only
bad for nature but also for humans and animals. It might cause various diseases to elders,
children and young people with lung or heart diseases (Ringquist 21). Nature can never
destruct itself, humans as well as their activities have taken over and harming the
environment. Technology has developed in the recent time in order to mitigate emissions
from combustion engines, along with these there are many more sources that cause pollution
but their existence is not yet known. These materials contribute equally in polluting the
environment but they do not receive equal attention compared to minerals like CFCs, HCFCs,
carbon di oxide and many more. Some initiatives have been taken in order to estimate the
effects of these materials (Newman 50). The initiatives aim in reducing the social as well as
economic impacts of these materials on the environment.

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Pollution is termed to be one of the most influential aspects in today’s world. This is
considered to be one of the most important topics that is taken into consideration for the
management of the processes (Victor 12). This leads to the fact that the management of
pollution must be performed with higher efficiency. These processes can be performed with
the help of better management of the project. This will also take into the consideration that
the controlling of pollution is important and this will lead to the fact that the commencement
of the problem will be done with different methodologies and this will help in keeping the
environment safe from the projection of toxic elements. This prevention process can be
performed in many ways and the ways are diversified in nature. This leads to the fact that the
commencement of the project will be done in a better manner.
Themethods that are implemented includes legal techniques which are enforced in a
deliberate manner by the government of the country. Another methodology that is
implemented in the prevention procedure includes the technological aspect (Abel 151). This
aspect includes the fact that the technological advancement is considered to be one of the
main reasons that will ensure the better terminology and better management of the pollutants
and this is considered to be one of the main reasons that will help in maintaining the
protection of the environment level.
Main step that is considered for demeaning pollution will include the fact that the
management of the project will be performed with the help of managing the integral prospect
that is needed to be performed and thishelps in gaining the management of the project from
the very initial level and this is considered tobe one of the main way that will be used in the
commencing of the management for the pollution (Brauer 81). This is considered to be oneof
the main reason that will include the aspect the sanitation if the project will be performed
with the help of the better technologies that are new to the system as the systems that are
being manufactured considers pollution as one of their main concerns and the main aim of the

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developers are that they do not want to prosecute the aspect of the management of the project
and this is considered to be one of the main reason that thedevelopers of the machines do not
want to prosecute the machines that will outset the least wastage as this is considered to be
oneof the main reason that the commencement of the machine will revolute the least pollution
(Hilsenhoff 10). Due to the advancement of technicality the main aspect that is considered in
the processing of the system includes the fact that the commencement if the projects will
evaluate effluents of pollution and tis results in affecting the environment in a high rate. This
is also one of the main reasons that the developing of machineries that will provide least
wastage and the pollution is least.
Despite the need of saving the environment the main thing that is needed to be
considered is that reducing of the wastage will lead to inefficient commencement of the
machineries and this is one of the main reasons that will lead to deficit in the products
(Devinny 79). Another aspect that must be included that once pollution is made there’s no
point in reducing the pollution because the affect that is caused in the projection of the
pollutants. Once pollution is made controlling pollution acts as one of the mist challenging
process and the main reason that is considered as the harm that is caused by the effluents
cannot be reduced and this is the main reason that the commencement further betterment will
also not be possible and this leads to the fact that the management if the effluents can affect
the performance of the machineries as well as the environment andthis leads to thefact that
the environment protection will never be performed and this is one of the main reason that
despite several trials that are made with by the government by changing the legal associates
and laws the affect that is made in the environment due to excess pollution has been never
ending the harmful aspect of the project management is considered to be oneof the main
reason that despite such protective steps being taken the evolution process is never made
(Lelieveld 84). This is one of the main reason that the commencement of the pollution

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management. This leads to thefact that the efficiency of the machineries decreases. The
aspect that with the efficiency of the machinery gets less and the production management gets
least efficient and this is other main fact that mist be take into consideration in case if better
management of the project.
There are no quick actions that could be acted upon in order to control the act or harm
doneby pollution in the areas that have been highly affected. The areas include places which
include numerous industries which causes air pollution. These industries cause noise and
water pollution as well (Devinny 79). Industries and factories manufacture various products,
the process f manufacturing results in emission of waste substances in the form of solid,
liquid and gases. Solid wastes are dumped outside the factory; these waste products affect the
soil of that place negatively and leave that land infertile. In case plants are grown there, they
would not be healthy for consuming. Most of the times animals who comein search of food
consume the wasteproducts and fall ill or die due to diseases. The liquid wastes are dumped
in some nearby water body. These liquid wastes are consumes by aquatic animals and harms
marine eco system (Huang 42). The gaseous wastes are released in the air which pollutes the
air and that polluted air is inhaled by people.
Some points where it can be explained that the growing pollution does not have any
solution are as follows
 The growing pollution can be considered as the result of rapidindustrialization,
rising population, urbanization and many more that are taking place (Kadlec
23). This phenomenon can never be controlled or reversed; it can only keep
growing with the increase in population.
 The advancement of society has resulted in the advancement as well as need
of industries for the necessity of land.

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 The rate at which pollution has been increasing, it is very clear that it cannot
be eliminated completely (Huang 42). It might be reduced to some extent but
complete elimination of pollution or materials that cause pollution is
impossible.
 Permanent damage has been caused that inflicts on theenvironment in the
terms of global warming, rise in sea level and growing depletion of ozone
layer can never be restored.
 The excess amount of deforestation has resulted in misbalance in the normal
cycling of nutrients and water in environment. It has also resulted in the
degradation of land (Abel 191). This damage that has already been caused and
is causing even more would take generations to get into normal condition.
Air pollution is caused in the presence of toxic minerals in the atmosphere. These
minerals are mainly produced by various activities; sometimes it can also be cause
due to natural cause like volcanic eruptions, wildfires, dust storms and many more.
Combustion of various fossil fuels like oil and coal in order to generate electricity and
road transport, producing various pollutants like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen.
Emissions from various industries as well as factories release a huge amount of
carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, organic compounds and chemicals in the air
(Hilsenhoff 57). Numerous agricultural activities due to the use of various pesticides,
fertilizers and insecticides which emit very harmful chemicals. Waste is being
produced mostly because of the generation of methane in various landfills. These
factors cause a huge amount of pollution and affect the entire eco system.
The only benefit of pollution is the piguovian tax. Piguovian tax is a government
cost on various activities which create externalities that are socially harmful.
Externality can be considered as an activity that can create a negative effect of the

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surrounding (Devinny 79). An example of this is that suppose a driver of a particular
non-compliant vehicle does not suffer from the exhaust because he is the one who
drives but everyone behind him suffers. In this case the government imposes a certain
tax on non-complaint vehicles in order to make the driver suffer even more than the
people due to the cost he needs to pay. This very often directs the revenue of the
country that has been collected from the tax to ameliorate various external costs
(Ringquist 21). This tax would cost the produces equal to the amount it causes to
others. For example if a manufacturer poisons the ground water in the five years of its
operation. It costs the town around $1 million to clean the dirt. The town can impose a
$1 million fine to the person for his previous behaviour. Along with this it would also
cost an additional amount of around $10 per gallon going forward.

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