Population health - Assignment PDF

Running head: population health 1
Population Health
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Population health 2
Health promotion can be simply described as a due process that empowers people to
increase control over their health and wellbeing. This is made possible by empowering people on
the choices and consequences of every decision they take in their lives by analyzing the potential
health impacts and risks that are associated with the decisions. According to Eldredge, Markham,
Ruiter, Kok Fernandez, & Parcel, (2016), health promotion is mainly centered on improving
people’s health by being able to gain control; over behavior, lifestyle and diet. In this process
individual reaction towards their environment becomes a key area of development. This paper
analyses how the Ottawa charter and Te Pae Mahutonga can be used as frameworks for health
promotion to ensure an effective systems approach.
The systems approach in health care is a framework that highly esteems and prioritizes
patient safety and the quality of healthcare provided in a facility. The systems approach utilizes
policy frameworks to arriving at common goals and objectives to which all activities are geared
towards. This is due to the perceived contribution of these qualities towards improving patient
safety and quality of health care.
The system approach comprises of four levels which include the patient; also known as
the individual, the health care providers, health facility and the economic and social political
environment of health care. Duckett, & Willcox, (2015) explains that the health systems
approach utilizes four strategies which include identification, description, alteration and
implementation. After operationalizing the changes, the health care system can then be assessed
to identify the successes and the gaps in the quality of care that still require attention. According
to Edelman, Mandle, & Kudzma, (2017), the assessment and evaluation process may be achieved
by evaluating patient safety and quality of care in three perspectives which include effectiveness,
efficiency and equity.

Population health 3
The Ottawa charter refers to an international agreement that was arrived at in the first
international conference on health promotion held in Ottawa, Canada. The conference was
organized by WHO as a response to various expectations that were aimed at achieving another
global health movement. The main aim of the conference was based on achieving universal
health by the close of the 20th century. The Ottawa charter focused on better health promotion
strategies to achieve this primary objective. The conference defined health promotion as enabling
people to improve and increase control over their health to attain a recommendable state of
complete physical, psychological and social health explains Came, McCreanor, Doole, and
Simpson, (2017). The conference also identified various prerequisites for health to be the basic
needs of man, education, income and social justice as well as a stable ecosystem and a
sustainable environment (Waterworth, and Thorpe, 2017).
The Ottawa charter was able to identify 3 strategies to health promotion which includes
advocate, enable and mediate (Lovell, Kearns, and Prince, 2014). The Ottawa charter advocates
for improvement of quality of life in the social, economic and political pillars of life. The main
argument is that the improvement of all these factors is the basic prerequisite for improving
health. The main reason behind this argument is the assumption that people fail to access quality
health due to social economic and political constraints and therefore improvement of the quality
of life in these aspects will no doubt lead to better access to health.
The second strategy focuses on enabling a just fair and equitable environment for
achievement of health care. This focuses on reducing differences and inequalities in the
provision of care and the prerequisites to good health. Justice and fairness in the health care
environment inculcates diversity and therefore offers suitable care to patients across cultures.
Justice and fairness also enhances equitable distribution of resources and access to services,